1、仁爱英语 八年级上册期末知识归纳Unit1 Playing Sports Topic1 Im going to play basketball.1.常见的感官动词有：see, watch, hear, notice, smell等。后可接 动词ing形式，表此动作正在发生。如： “看见某人正在做某事” see sb. doing sth 动词原形，不表此动作正在发生, 表此动作已完成或存在的事实。如：看见某人做了某事”see sb.do sth.2.hope后可加hope to do sth. hope + that从句3.win 过去式为won, winner胜利者.4.Would you
2、like + to do? 表建议或邀请。常用Id love to 或Id be glad to来回答，不同意也常 用 “Id love to, but ” 来拒绝别人。5.cheer sb on (以欢呼)激励某人，为某人加油，向某人欢呼 后接 名词，放在cheer on的中间和后面都可以； 人称代词，则必须放在中间。关掉灯turn off the light/turn the light off关掉它 turn it off6.prefer 意为“更喜欢”，其后可接名词、动名词或动词不定式。如：(1)prefer A to B 相比A更喜欢B (2)prefer doing A to do
3、ing B 相比做A更喜欢做B(3)prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A而不愿做B7.与how构成的疑问词有： How tall(身高)多高; how high(山)多高；how heavy多重；how long 多长； How wide 多宽；how deep 多深；how old 多大. (how + adj.) How often 多经常 how long 多久 8.play for 为某个队效力；play against 与某个队比赛；play with 玩某物/与某人玩 9. once a week, 一周一次twice a week一周两次 thr
4、ee times a week 一周三次 four times a week 一周四次 三次或三次以上用“数字+times” 扩展：对once a week提问，要用how often提问10. exercise “体操、练习”，可数名词。 如：do morning exercises; do English exercises “锻炼，运动”，不可数名词。 如：do exercise “锻炼，运动”，动词。 如：She exercises every morning.11.be good at= do well in擅长于 如：I am good at English.= I do well
5、 in English.be good for 对有好处，Running is good for your health.反义词为：be bad at= do badly in 不擅长. be bad for 对 有害12. make/keep sb./sth. + adj 使某人/某物怎么样 make sb./sth. + do sth. 使某人/某物做某事 13. leave + 地点 “离开某地” leave for + 地点 “动身前往某地” leave + 地点 + for +地点 “离开某地去某地”14.(1) join 加入+（人群，组织） He joined in the ga
6、me. (2) take part in = join in = be in 参加+（活动，比赛） Ill be in the relay race. Well join the army.15.grow up 长大成人。如：when I grow up, I want to work in Shenzhen. (2) grow过去式为grew，做“生长”讲时为不及物动词，做“种植”讲时为及物动词。16.(1) spend some time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事 spend还可用于“spend some time/money on sth.”在某事
7、上花费时间/金钱。如： I spend an hour in practicing English every day. 扩展：take, cost和pay也可指花费，但用法不同。 take的主语一般it 固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth. 表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。 如：It takes me an hour to do my homework every day. cost的主语必须是“物”。 固定句型sth. cost(s) sb. some money 结构中。如： 如：The book cost me 30 yuan last week.
8、 pay的主语是人， 固定句型pay. for。 如; He paid 5 yuan for this pen. 17.表到达的有： arrive at + (小地名)；arrive in +（大地名） get to + 宾语 reach + 宾语。Topic 2 We should learn teamwork.1.one of + 可数名词复数 + 谓单，译为“.之一”2. Would you mind (not) doing sth. 你介意(别)做某事吗？（礼貌地请求某人做或别做某事） Would you mind my smoking here? (I)（常用物主代词 my, her
9、, his, our 等） PS：(不介意) 肯定回答：Not at all . / Of course not. / Certainly not. ( 介意 ) 否定回答：Sorry, I wont. /Yes, please dont. / Youd better not. 3. keep的用法: keep (sb) doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 keep + adj保持怎么样4. something, anything, nothing等都是不定代词，当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词或特殊疑问词的时候， 修饰词要放在这些被修饰词的后面。 something important重要
10、的事情；Anything else? 还有别的吗？ Nothing serious 不严重5. be sorry for 表为道歉，后面接名词、代词、从句或动名词。 be sorry to do sth. 抱歉去做某事。 6. be sure的用法 be sure to do sth. 确信要做某事（表将来）Its sure to rain. 肯定要下雨。 be sure +(that)从句, We are sure that we will win next time. have fun (in) doing sth做某事有乐趣7. It is + 形容词(for sb.) + to do
11、sth. 意为“（对某人而言）做是样的” 8. a large number of 大量的许多, 后接谓语动词复数形式 the number of . 的数量，后接谓语动词单数形式9.lost为lose的过去式 lose失去；lose ones life丧命 lose输掉 lose in the game输掉比赛 lose迷失；lose ones way迷路； lose oneself in.迷失于10.finish (doing) sth.完成（做）某事11. (1) through 介词，意为“通过，穿过”，指从物体的中间通过、穿过 across介词，意为“通过，穿过”，指从物体的表面通过
12、、穿过Topic3 The school sports meet is coming.1. 合成形容词：(1)s八百米竞赛 800 metersrace 三分钟的路程 three minuteswalk(2)连字符“-” 男子八百米竞赛 800-meter race 三分钟的路程 three-minute walk2.be in + 活动，表“参加某活动， 相当于take part in 和 join in3.exciting adj. 意为“令人激动的，令人兴奋的”，与其搭配的常是某物 。 excited adj. 意为“感到激动的，感到兴奋的”，与其搭配的主语通常是人。 (类似的词还有in
13、teresting 和interested, tired 和 tiring等)4. Its ones first time to do sth. 是某人第一次做 如：Its her first time to cook dinner. 5. have lots of fun. 此处 fun 为不可数名词，译为“乐趣”形容词为funny 玩得很愉快 have a good time enjoy oneself have fun doing sth. 做某事有趣 6. 约定在.几点 make it + 时刻 (注意没有at) make 定，约定。7. can/be able to区别 can 用在
14、现在时和过去时 be able to 用于各种时态 can和be able to不能连用 Unit2 topic 11.well 的用法（1）look well. look在这里译作“看起来”，作连系动词，后接形容词。 （2）sleep well . well 通常来说是副词，但是当表示身体好坏时，是形容词。2. Whats wrong with you?=Whats the matter/trouble with you?3. suggest/advisesuggest doingadvise to do suggestion 可数名词advice不可数名词 advise动词4. enoug
15、h 修饰名词 enough+名词 修饰形容词/副词 形容词/副词 +enough+名词 “形前名后” 5. 表建议或劝告 had better (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事 should (not) do sth. （不）应该做某事 6.medicine/pil take medicine 吃/服药(片) medicine不可数 have/take pills 吃/服药(片) pill可数7. too much + 不可数名词，表 “太多”too many+可数名词复数much too + 形容词，表 “太”candy为不可数名词，做糖的种类时就可数了。8. 想要做某事 fee
16、l like doing sth. would like to do sth9. lie的用法lie 躺layie 撒谎liedlaylied . 10. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事 help with sth. 帮助某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 with the help of = with ones help 在的帮助下 ask sb. for help = turn to sb. 向某人寻求帮助11. leave (1) leave作为n. 时，意为“休假” 请两周假 ask for two weeks leave = ask
17、for a two-week leave 请假 (2) leave作为v. 时，意为“离开；留下”。leave for 动身去某地leave a message 留言 take a message 捎口信 = give sb. a messageTopic2 I must ask him to give up smoking.1. worry用法. v. worry about 担心 e.g. Dont worry about me. I am fine. adj. worried 担心的, be worried about 担心 e.g. He was worried about the t
18、est. 2.watch主要用于观看电视节目、球赛、游戏和话剧，强调动作 see 与watch都可以用于观看比赛、电视节目、演出、电影等，但see强调结果 read 主要用于读书、看报 look 强调动作，不及物动词常与at搭配使用3. Staying up late_(be) bad for your health. 此处动名词短语在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。4.put into 把丢进 put away 收拾 put up 粘贴，悬挂；举起 put on 穿上，上映 put off 推迟5. give up + doing sth. 放弃做某事 give up sth. 放弃某东西 gi
19、ve up 接人称代词时放在两词中间 I dont like history, so I want to give it up.6.Its necessary for sth. 对来说是很有必要的 Its + necessary + (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事有必要 Its + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是怎么样的7.Be careful not to eat too much salt or sugar. 否定句中常用or代替and表示和的意思 【拓展】 意为“否则，不然”，用于警告或忠告8.as soon
20、 as 意为“一就” 可用（主将从现） We will go back to school as soon as the summer holiday is over.9.But his mother made him taste it. make sb./sth. + adj 使某人/某物怎么样 make sb./sth. + do sth. 使某人/某物做某事 10. suprise用法【拓展】 surprise 动词，意为“使吃惊” be surprised to do sth. be surprised at sth. surprise 名词，意为“惊讶”11.such as/for
21、example Lunch: rice with a lot of meat such as chicken. beef, etc. such as 后接名词或短语 He knows many languages such as Chinese，English，Russian and French. for example 后接句子 He is a good boy for example he often helps his mother with the housework.Topic3 Must we exercise to prevent the flu?12. as.as possi
22、ble 尽可能 尽可能快 as soon as possible 尽可能早 as early as possible13. prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，此处from可省略。 stop/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，此处from不可省略。14.afraid 形容词，害怕的，担心的，恐怕害怕做某事 be afraid to do sth. be afraid of doing sth.15.让: make/get make/get sb/sth doing sth “让某人/某物一直做 get sb to do s
23、th “使某人做某事” get + adj. “变得”16. instead of 是介词短语，后接名词、代词和动名词，放在句中句首都可以 take the place of 是动词词组，作谓语，放在句中 Unit3 topic 11.“喜欢做某事” enjoy like love + doing sth. be fond of be interested in2._+动词原形 Why not=why dont you, would you please, had better, make, let, help 后+动词原形3. maybe/ may be. maybe: 副词，意思是“也许、
24、可能” may be: may情态动词，be是动词原形，意为“也许是、可能是”。 如：Maybe shell come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午来。He may be in the office. 实战演练：请用maybe/may/may be 填空王诗龄 is crying._she is hungry now.王诗龄 is crying.she _be hungry now.王诗龄 is crying.she _ hungry now.4. Must提问，否定回答用neednt 和dont have to Eg: He isnt in his bedroom. He
25、must be in the study room. 实战演练 The book Toms. It has his name on it. A. must beB. may be C. cant be D. can be5. used to “过去常常” 否定句 “didnt use to do” Beget used to doing 习惯6. “提供” provide sb. with sth. provide sth. for sb.7.and he doesnt mind whether they are good or not. whether .or not 是否 whether
26、固定搭配 or not if 是否Topic 2 What sweet music!1.v. sound系动词 + adj./ n. “听起来” Hear 听见 listen to 听n. sound声音 e.g. The story sounds interesting. I heard a strange sound.4. lend “借给别人” lend sb. sth. 或 lend sth. to sb. 过去式lentborrow “向别人借” borrow sth. from sb. keep “保持，保留” 延续性动词 keep + 一段时间，回答how long引导的特殊疑问
27、句中5. 三餐球类不加冠词，西洋乐器+the play + the + 乐器 e.g. play the violin / drum / piano / guitar play + 球类名词 e.g. play basketball / volleyball / baseball / soccer / football 6.最喜欢： like.best. 最喜欢 = be . favorite e.g.Liu Ming like Pop music best. = Pop music is Liu Mings favorite.7.be famous for 因而著名 be famous as
28、 以某种身份而著名 e.g.Suzhou is famous for the gardens. 苏州以园林而著称。She is famous as a woman scientist.她作为一名女科学家扬名天下。8. be born 出生于 be born in + 地点 出生于某地9.in/on/at区别 in + (年、月、季节、泛指某天早上中午下午) on + 具体的某一天 (星期) at+时间点10. at the age of . 在某人岁时，相当于when he / she was . years old. Topic 3 What were you doing at this t
29、ime yesterday?1.when/while (1) 此处while = when 意为 “当的时候”，引导时间状语从句。拓展：when 与 while 区别 延续性动词（表示一段时间）【从句用进行时】 when + 短暂性动词（表示一个时间点）【从句用一般过去时或一般现在时】 while + 延续性动词【从句用进行时】 While / When I was having supper, someone knocked at the door. When you leave the room, please turn off the lights. （2）while:然而 2. cal
30、l sb. (up ) ring sb. (up) phone sb. “打电话给某人” give sb. a ring call sb. at + 电话号码3. not . until . “到时候才；在以前不” 4. agree 动词，意为“同意，应允”。反义词为disagree，名词agreement/disagreementagree with sb. “同意某人的观点”agree to do sth. “同意做某事”agree on / about sth. “关于某事取得一致意见” 5.A+序数词，表示“又一，再一” the+序数词“第几”6.too to 意为“太以至不能” So
31、.that “如此.以至于”7. stop doing sth. “停止做某事” （停止正在做的事） stop to do sth. “停下来去做某事”（停下目前做的事去做另一件事）拓展：stop sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”Unit 4 Our WorldTopic 1 Which do you like better, plants or animals ?1. think about 思考，考虑 think of 认为，想起 think over 仔细考虑2. Much a littleeven+比较级,表程度3.复数变化sheep sheep deer
32、 deer Goose、tooth，foot的复数要：geese、teeth、feet。 mouse的复数：mice child的复数children4.another/other/others/the other other + 名词复数 = others 其他的， the other 两者中另一个 another 多者另一个 Another+数字=数字加+more“再几个”5. As we know = Its known that 众所周知 Its believed that 人们相信 拓展 Its said that 据说 Its reported that 据报道 (1) cover
33、 v. 覆盖，遮盖，掩盖 n. 罩，盖子，覆盖物 coverwith 用覆盖 (2) 反义词discover v. 发现（已存在但不为人所知）6. (1) 当hundred, thousand, million, billion等表示不确定的数目时，常用复数形式，后面跟介词of，成百上千 hundreds of 成千上万 thousands of(2)当hundred, thousand, million, billion等与具体数词连用时，则不用复数形式。如：five thousand 五千seven million 七百万7. play an important part in (doin
34、g) sth. 在中起着重要的作用8. die v. 死，死亡（过去式died, 现在分词dying） dead adj. 死的 death n. 死亡 die out 灭绝，消失9. feed v. 喂养，饲养（过去式fed）feed on “以为食”feed sth. to sb./sth. “把喂给吃”feed sb./sth. with sth. “拿来喂”10.danger n. 危险 dangerous adj. 危险的 in danger 意为“处在危险中”；反义词为：out of danger脱离危险Topic 2 How can we protect ourselves fr
35、om the earthquake?1. more than= over 表示”多于” 2. turn off 意为”关掉(煤气、电器开关等)”， turn on打开，turn up开大，turn down关小 Unit4 topic31.find out “弄清楚，查明”，表示经过一番努力，调查了解到某些事情。 find “找到”，强调找的结果。 look for “寻找”，强调寻找的过程。2. in 1840 在1840年 in (the) 1840s 在19世纪40年代 in (the) 1800s 在19世纪3.在符合的条件中打钩修饰可数修饰不可数表肯定表否定littlea littl
36、efewa fwe4. however/but区别 but常位于句中；however则可位于任何部分，常用逗号隔开。都表示但是的意思。 5.look up 意为“在（字典、教科书等）中查找” look after 照顾look for 寻找 look out 当心look at 看 仁爱英语2019-2020学年八年级上册知识点（测试版）Unit1 Playing Sports Topic1 Im going to play basketball.1. 常见的感官动词有：_等。后可接 _，表此动作正在发生。 如： “看见某人正在做某事” ，不表此动作正在发生, 表此动作已完成或存在的事实。如：
37、“看见某人做了某事” 2.hope后可加hope to do sth. hope + that从句3.win 过去式 , 胜利者. 5.Would you like + _? 表_常用 或 来回答，不同意常用 来拒绝别人。5.cheer sb on 后接名词，放在cheer on的_和_都可以； 后接人称代词，则必须放在 关掉灯_/_关掉它_6. prefer 意为“ ”，其后可接 。(1) 相比A更喜欢B (2) _相比做A更喜欢做B(3) 宁愿做A而不愿做B7.与how构成的疑问词有：_ (身高)多高； _ (山)多高；_多重； 多长； 多宽 多深； 多大 多经常 多久 8. 为某个队效力； 与某个队比赛； 玩某物/与某人玩 9. 一周一次 一周两次 一周三次 一周四次 三次或三次以上用_ 扩展：对once a week提问，要用 提问10. exercise n.“体操、练习”， 。 “锻炼，运动”, 。 如：do morning _; do English _如：do_ v.“锻炼，运动” 如：She exercises every morning.11. = 擅长于 对有好处反义词为：_= _不擅长. _对 有害12. 使某人/某物怎么样
