1、专题八听力理解1.命题形式高考英语听力测试以语篇(对话或独白)为载体,在语言使用的场景中测试考生使用语言、语法、词汇知识的能力。该题型主要考查考生对所听信息的正确理解能力和快速反应能力。它要求考生能听懂英美人士的录音材料,能听懂所学语言范围内用正常语速谈论日常生活的内容,能听懂没有生词、题材熟悉、难度略低于所学材料的语段。听一遍能理解大意,听两遍能了解其中的重要细节。听力测试所选材料一般是口语材料,具有交际性,这样可以考查考生在使用英语的过程中通过听的方式获取信息的能力。听力试题的安排顺序通常是短对话、长对话和独白,由短到长,由易到难,由简单到复杂,这样能使考生逐渐进入角色,置身于特定的语言氛
2、围中。20102019年高考全国卷“英语听力高考材料”考情一览表 2.命题规律(1)难度适中听力部分难度适中,能较好地反映考生的听力水平,同时又能拉开考生的分数档次,除个别地名外,材料中没有偏词难词,而且语速略低于一般英美人的正常语速,符合我国考生的实际听力水平。(2)取材广泛,语料真实、贴近实际生活场景听力材料取材广泛,符合英美国家的语言习惯。语言材料贴近实际生活场景,涉及衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、天气、生活环境等考生熟悉的话题。听起来真实自然,有利于考生理解。18年全国1卷听力部分10个材料中有3个材料涉及到学校教育或学校生活,分别为Text 5(上课缺席),Text 6(复学),Tex
3、t 10(教育重要性)。这是近几年听力部分所未有的现象。(3)试题答案分布基本均匀近十年高考的全国卷听力试题的正确答案分布基本均匀,某一选项的正确率不会明显高于其他两个选项。如下表所示:(4)考点分布清晰,考查方向明确高频考点为“获取事实性的具体信息”,常考考点为“对所听内容作出简单推断”,散点考点为“理解主旨要义”和“理解说话者的意图、观点和态度”。在设问方式上,凸显了what引起的疑问句的比重,含有数字甄别的相关试题,如how much.,what time.等间或出现。(一)(2019全国1)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每
4、段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。W:Excuse me,sir.Visiting hours are over now.Your wife must get some rest.M:Oh,Im sorry,doctor.I didnt hear the bell or I would have left earlier.1.Where does this conversation take place?A.In a classroom.B.In a
5、 hospital.C.In a museum.答案BM:Hello,my name is Jack.I need to get in shape.How do I register for the classes?W:Well need you to join the gym.And then you can find out which classes fit your schedule the best.2.What does Jack want to do?A.Take fitness classes.B.Buy a pair of gym shoes.C.Change his wor
6、k schedule.答案AW:Ill see you at the theater.M:Better still,lets meet in the Red Lion bar to have a nice little talk.W:Good idea.And Id love to have a drink there.3.What are the speakers talking about?A.What to drink.B.Where to meet.C.When to leave.答案BM:Hello,my name is John Arbor.And Im calling to as
7、k about the position advertised in Fridays Daily Mail.W:Yes,the position is still open.You could come over and have a talk with us.4.What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.答案CM:I have an extra ticket to the concert tonight.Would you like to join me?W:Than
8、ks!But I already have one.You can ask Emily.She might be interested.5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?A.She might want a ticket.B.She is looking for the man.C.She has an extra ticket.答案A第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话
9、或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.How long did James run his business?A.10 years.B.13 years.C.15 years.答案C7.How does the woman feel about James situation?A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.答案BW:Did you know James went out of business?M:Really?When was that?W:Last month.M:Thats too bad.He had owned that
10、business for fifteen years.What happened?W:I dont know,but life must be pretty tough for his family now.His sons are still so young.One is thirteen,and the other is ten.M:Well,maybe things are not as bad as they seem to be.W:I hope so.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。W:Guess what?My mothers decided to go back to sch
11、ool.M:Why?W:Well,she always loved art,but learned business administration at college because her parents thought it was difficult for an artist to find a job.M:So she wants to study art now?W:Yeah,oil painting.Its been her dream for a long time.M:Its nice to return to learn what she loves.But,Kate,I
12、 still think old age should be about peace and relaxation.Hurrying to school every day and having to pass exams sounds a bit too much for her.W:You know,she retired last year and Im leaving for the university soon.She needs to find something interesting to do.M:Well,maybe.If its what she wants.8.Wha
13、t has Kates mother decided to do?A.Return to school.B.Change her job.C.Retire from work.答案A9.What did Kates mother study at college?A.Oil painting.B.Art history.C.Business administration.答案C10.What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decision?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.答案C听第8段材料,回答第
14、11至13题。11.What is the man doing?A.Chairing a meeting.B.Hosting a radio program.C.Conducting a job interview.答案B12.What benefits Mary most in her job?A.Her wide reading.B.Her leaders guidance.C.Her friends help.答案A13.Who will Mary talk about next?A.Her teacher.B.Her father.C.Her mother.答案C听第9段材料,回答第1
15、4至17题。14.Why does the man seldom do exercise?A.He lacks motivation.B.He has a heart problem.C.He works all the time.答案A15.What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?A.Hes an athlete.B.Hes a researcher.C.Hes a journalist.答案B16.Why does the woman speak of a study?A.To encourage the man.B.To recommend an e
16、xercise.C.To support her findings.答案A17.How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?A.300 minutes.B.150 minutes.C.75 minutes.答案C听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.What did the scientists do to the road?A.They repaired it.B.They painted it.C.They blocked it.答案B19.Why are young birds drawn to the ro
17、ad surface?A.Its warm.B.Its brown.C.Its smooth.答案A20.What is the purpose of the scientists experiment?A.To keep the birds there for a whole year.B.To help students study the birds well.C.To prevent the birds from being killed.答案C(二)(2019全国2、3)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有1
18、0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。W:Excuse me,how can I find the book called The Class of 1998?M:Oh,Im afraid it was sold out.W:Its all right.Thank you.1.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.In a library.B.In a bookstore.C.In a classroom.答案BM:How did your dancing lesson go today?W:Exciting!
19、But it was hard work.I really need a rest now.M:Yeah,I can see that.Go and get relaxed.2.How does the woman feel now?A.Relaxed.B.Excited.C.Tired.答案CM:How much is that in total?W:100 dollars.But if you have a membership card,I can give you a 20%discount.M:Great.This is my membership card.3.How much w
20、ill the man pay?A.$20.B.$80.C.$100.答案BM:Jane,Im going out for a while.W:But you have an appointment with Mr.Douglas at three oclock.M:Well,please make it another day.4.What does the man tell Jane to do?A.Postpone his appointment.B.Meet Mr.Douglas.C.Return at 3 oclock.答案AW:David said he would quit hi
21、s job at our school.M:Really?Why would he do that?W:His friend started a firm in London.She wanted David to help her.5.Why would David quit his job?A.To go back to school.B.To start his own firm.C.To work for his friend.答案C第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5
22、秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。W:Im going out for shopping.Do you need anything?M:Oh,yeah.I cant find my umbrella.Can you buy one?W:Shouldnt it be in the cupboard?M:I just checked.It wasnt there.W:Impossible.Thats where I usually put it.Did you check the balcony?M:Yes,of course.Coul
23、dnt find it.Well,just get a new one then.6.What does the man want the woman to do?A.Check the cupboard.B.Clean the balcony.C.Buy an umbrella.答案C7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Husband and wife.B.Employer and employee.C.Shop assistant and customer.答案A听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。M:Hi,Lu
24、cy!How was your weekend?W:Great.You know we went mountain climbing in the forest park.The air was so different from the city,cool and fresh.M:Sounds great!W:Yeah.There wasnt a cloud in the sky.And we could see for miles from the top.What about you?What did you do?M:Busy packing.W:Oh,yes,of course.I
25、forgot you and Jenny are moving to a new house.Its on Wednesday,isnt it?M:Yeah,two days after.I didnt realize there are so many things to do.W:Can I help out with anything?M:Em,itll be nice if you could take care of Henry for a couple of days.W:Henry?M:Yes,my dog.W:Oh,sure.No problem.You just focus
26、on the move.8.Where did the woman go at the weekend?A.The city centre.B.The forest park.C.The mans home.答案B9.How did the man spend his weekend?A.Packing for a move.B.Going out with Jenny.C.Looking for a new house.答案A10.What will the woman do for the man?A.Take Henry to hospital.B.Stay with his kid.C
27、.Look after his pet.答案C听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.What is Mr.Stone doing now?A.Eating lunch.B.Having a meeting.C.Writing a diary.答案B12.Why does the man want to see Mr.Stone?A.To discuss a program.B.To make a travel plan.C.To ask for sick leave.答案A13.When will the man meet Mr.Stone this afternoon?A.At 3:00.
28、B.At 3:30.C.At 3:45.答案C听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。14.What are the speakers talking about?A.A company.B.An interview.C.A job offer.答案C15.Who is Monica Stansfield?A.A junior specialist.B.A department manager.C.A sales assistant.答案B16.When will the man hear from the woman?A.On Tuesday.B.On Wednesday.C.On Thursda
29、y.答案A听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。18.What did John do after he moved to the US?A.He did business.B.He studied biology.C.He worked on a farm.答案A19.Why did John go hunting?A.For food.B.For pleasure.C.For money.答案B20.What is the subject of Johns works?A.American birds.B.Natural scenery.C.Family life.答案A17.What di
30、d John enjoy doing in his childhood?A.Touring France.B.Playing outdoors.C.Painting pictures.答案C(三)(2018全国1)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。W:James,youve been watching TV for the whole evening.W
31、hats on?M:Its a science program on the origin of the universe.Ill give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow.1.What will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B.Give a talk.C.Write a report.答案BM:Hello,do you have The Best of Mozart?W:Um,sorry.Weve just sold out,but we can order one for you.If y
32、ou give us your number,well call you when the CD arrives.2.What can we say about the woman?A.Shes generous.B.Shes curious.C.Shes helpful.答案CW:Wed better be going now,or well be late for the train.M:No rush.Its 8:30 now.We still have two hours.3.When does the train leave?A.At 6:30.B.At 8:30.C.At 10:3
33、0.答案CM:I am so tired of driving all those hours to work.W:Yeah,I know what you mean.I used to drive two hours to work each way.But now I live within walking distance of my office.I dont even need a bike.4.How does the woman go to work?A.By car.B.On foot.C.By bike.答案BW:Hi Andy.I didnt see you in Prof
34、essor Smiths class yesterday.What happened?M:Well,I had a headache,so I called him and asked for sick leave.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.答案A第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题
35、5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。W:The biggest mistake I made,uh,was leaving college in my last year,and not completing my education.So Im thinking of going back to school.M:School?To study what?W:Ecology.Im interested in the relationship between humans and nature.M:Cool!Is it what y
36、ou studied years ago?W:No,I majored in chemistry then.6.What does the woman regret?A.Giving up her research.B.Dropping out of college.C.Changing her major.答案B7.What is the woman interested in studying now?A.Ecology.B.Education.C.Chemistry.答案A听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。M:Good morning,madam.Im your guide for this
37、 trip.W:How lovely!Could you tell me about the hotel Im going to stay at?M:Yes,of course.The Grand Hotel opened in 1990 and it sits on the seaside along the South Coast Highway.It is the most beautiful hotel here.W:That sounds great!M:And there are some restaurants outside.So at dinner time,youd hav
38、e a lot of choices.W:Thats really nice.I like to have some local foods while traveling.What about the scenery around it?M:The hotel has the best views of the Pacific Ocean.W:Oh,I think I will love this hotel.8.What is the man?A.A hotel manager.B.A tour guide.C.A taxi driver.答案B9.What is the man doin
39、g for the woman?A.Looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering information about a hotel.答案C听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。W:Hi,Mike.M:Hi,Alice.Nice to see you.You dont often come here.W:I usually have fast food delivered to my office.Just came here for a change today.M:The environment
40、 here is good,clean and relatively quiet.W:Yeah,and I heard the food is tasty.By the way,are you going to the concert tomorrow evening?M:Yes.Are you?W:Yeah,Catherine was supposed to go with me,but she may have to work extra hours tomorrow.Do you know anyone who might like to go?M:No.But if you like,
41、I can ask around.Er,Joan might want to go.W:Oh,yes,she is a great fan of classical music.Ill give her a ring after lunch.10.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.In an office.B.At home.C.At a restaurant.答案C11.What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A.Go to a concert.B.Visit a friend.C
42、.Work extra hours.答案A12.Who is Alice going to call?A.Mike.B.Joan.C.Catherine.答案B听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。W:Hi,Ive only just arrived.M:Oh,good.Now here are the keys.Lets go in.There are two apartments.The one for rent is on the right.Do come in.W:Thank you.I like the carpet.The color is nice,isnt it?M:Yes,an
43、d this apartment is in good condition.Here is your lounge.W:Where would we eat?M:There is this corner here,or you can use your kitchen.Come and see.W:The kitchen is quite small.M:Yes,but it has everything,cooker,fridge,even a dishwasher.W:And there are lots of cupboards.M:Let me show you the bedroom
44、s.This is the smaller one.W:Its a good size,though.13.Why does the woman meet the man?A.To look at an apartment.B.To deliver some furniture.C.To have a meal together.答案A14.What does the woman like about the carpet?A.Its color.B.Its design.C.Its quality.答案A15.What does the man say about the kitchen?A
45、.Its a good size.B.Its newly painted.C.Its adequately equipped.答案C16.What will the woman probably do next?A.Go downtown.B.Talk with her friend.C.Make payment.答案B听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Who is the speaker probably talking to?A.Movie fans.B.News reporters.C.College students.答案C18.When did the speaker tak
46、e English classes?A.Before he left his hometown.B.After he came to America.C.When he was 15 years old.答案B19.How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A.Hes proud.B.Hes sympathetic.C.Hes grateful.答案C20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.How education shaped his life.B.How his language skills
47、 improved.C.How he managed his business well.答案A(四)(2018全国2、3)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。W:So,how is your German class going,John?M:Well,not bad.The pronunciation is fine with me,and its v
48、ocabulary is similar to English.But Im finding the grammar awful.W:Well,it takes a while to get it right.1.What does John find difficult in learning German?A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.答案CW:I hope you can come to the party on Saturday.M:I didnt know I was invited.W:Sure you are.Everyone in
49、 our office is invited.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Colleagues.B.Brother and sister.C.Teacher and student.答案AW:May I help you?M:Yes.When is the next train to London?W:Oh,let me check.It leaves in twenty minutes.M:One ticket,please.3.Where does the conversation probably
50、take place?A.In a bank.B.At a ticket office.C.On a train.答案BW:Charlie,do you know a restaurant called Bravo?M:Bravo.I know the name.But Im not sure where it is.W:Its on George Street.The food there is excellent.4.What are the speakers talking about?A.A restaurant.B.A street.C.A dish.答案AW:Brian,I jus
