1、八种状语从句知识点自己整理练习题及答案英语语法专项之状语从句1.时间状语从句2.条件状语从句3.原因状语从句4.结果状语从句5.比较状语从句6.目的状语从句7.让步状语从句8.地点状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：时间when,while,as,assoonas,since,until,after,before，aslongas（长达之久）条件If,unless,as/solongas(只要)原因As
2、,because,since，as/solongas(既然,因为)地点Where目的Sothat(为了),inorderthat结果Sothat（方便）,sothat,suchthat让步though,although,evenif,however方式As比较than,(not)asas1.时间状语从句时间状语从句常见的从属连词有：(注意其汉语意义)when,while,as,before,after,since,until(till)onceassoonas,themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,each/everytime,thefirsttim
3、e,thelasttime,nexttime,bythetime,whenever等。例如：Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometomyhelp.IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.注意：（1）when,while,as的区别：1)when引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：WhenIgottotheairport,theplanehadalreadytakenoff.（主先从后）（短暂性）WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogot
4、otheseasideonSundays.(同时)（持续性）Whenthemovieended,thepeoplewentback.（从先主后）2)while侧重主从句动作的对比，且从句的动词必须是持续性的。如：Whilewewerechattingshewaslookingatthetimetableonthewall3)as引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行，从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：SometimesIwatchTVasIamhavingbreakfast4）when和while还可以是并列连词，意思分别是“就在这时”，“然而”。如：Iwashavingare
5、stonthesofawhenthetelephonerangTheyweresurprisedthatachildshouldworkouttheproblemwhiletheycouldnt.注：并列连词when常用与以下句型中：was/weredoingwhen（正在做突然）was/wereabouttodowhen（刚要做突然）was/wereonthepointofdoingwhen(刚要做突然)hadjustdonewhen.(刚一就)Hardly/Scarcelyhaddonewhen(刚一就)(2)before引导从句时,词义非常灵活，注意下列句子中的before的词义：1.B
6、eforeIcouldgetinaword,thetailorhadmeasuredme.(还没来得及就)2.Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired.(还没就)3.Wehadsailed4daysbeforewesawland.(才)4.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.(趁还没就)(3)till(until)和nottill(until)1）till(until):主句谓语动词必须是持续性的，意思是“到为止“如：Heremainedtheretill/untilshearrived.2）nottill(until):主句谓语动词必
7、须是短暂性的，意思是“直到才”如：Shewontgotobedtill/untilhereturnshome.3）notuntil还有强调式和倒装式：强调句：Itisnotuntilhereturnshomethatshewillgotobed.倒装句：Notuntilhereturnshomewillshegotobed.(4)几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：1）Itwas+时间点+when（当的时候时间是）Itwas5amwhenwearrivedatthevillage.2）Itwas/willbe+时间段+before(没过就过了才)Itwas/willbetwoweeksbeforewe
8、met/meetagain.3）Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since（自从以来有）Itis/hasbeen3yearssincewelastmet.突破点：一看be动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。注意：在“Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since”句型中，从句的动词必须是短暂性的，如果是延续性的动词，时间要从从句的动作结束时算起。如：Itis3yearssinceIsmoked.(我戒烟有三年了)补充：assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,nosoonerthan,hardly
9、/scarcely.when.和once这些从属连接词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。从句中一般时态代替将来时态。everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当.，每次.；下次”等。1.Itwasquiet_thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless2.Itseemedonlyseconds_theboyfinishedwashinghisf
10、ace.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif3.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate_thebellrang.A.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas4.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.wherever5.Irecognizedyou_Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once6.Hewasabouttogo
11、tobed_thedoorbellrang.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when7._Ilistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.A.EverytimeB.WhenC.WhileD.Until8._JohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.A.AsB.AssoonasC.WhileD.Till9.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果园)_theysawtheguard.A.themomentB.afterC.beforeD.as10.NosoonerhadIarrivedhome_itbeg
12、antorain.A.whenB.whileC.asD.than11.Severalweekshadgoneby_Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.when12.It_longbeforewe_theresultoftheexperiment.A.willnotbe;willknowB.is;willknowC.willnotbeknowD.is;know13.Whatwasthepartylike?-Wonderful.Itsyears_Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD
13、.since14.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe_.A.willarriveB.arrivesC.isgoingtoarriveD.isarriving15._gotintotheroom_thetelephonerang.A.Hehardlyhad;thenB.Hardlyhadhe;whenC.Hehadnot;thenD.Nothadhe;when16.Nosoonerhadhefinishedhistalk_hewassurroundedbytheworkers.A.asB.thenC.thanD.whe
14、n17.DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?-Yes,Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once18.Ithoughtherniceandhonest_Imether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime19.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe_fromtheuniversitynextyear.A.willgraduateB.willh
15、avegraduatedC.graduatesD.istograduate20.Themomentthe28thOlympicGames_open,thewholeworldcheered.A.declaredB.havebeendeclaredC.havedeclaredD.weredeclared答案：CBBBADACADBCDBBCBCCD2.条件状语从句条件状语从句引导词：if(如果),unless(除非),incase(以防)时态：主将从现(可能会发生的事情)主现从现(肯定会发生/祈使句)1.if引导的条件状语从句，可位于前面或后面，但是如果放在后面，主从句用逗号隔开。引导条件状语从
16、句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：Ifyouaskhim，hewillhelpyou如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。Ifyoufailintheexam，youwilllethimdown如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。Ifyouhavefinishedthehomework，youcangohome如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如：IfIwereyou
17、，Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。另外你还要注意if条件句的时态搭配1if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时Ifherunshellgetthereintime.如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。Thecatwillscratchyouifyoupullhertail.如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。2if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/canIfthefoggetsthickerth
18、eplanemay/mightbediverted.如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。Ifitstopssnowingwecangoout.如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。3if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/shouldIfyouwanttoloseweightyoumust/shouldeatlessbread.如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。4if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时Ifyouheaticeitturnstowater.(也可用willturn)如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。5if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时IfyouarelookingforPeteryoul
19、lfindhimupstairs.如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。6if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时IfyouhavefinisheddinnerIllaskthewaiterforthebill.如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账注意：学习if引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下:if条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。如：Wecanwalkthereifwecantfind
20、abus.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.Whatwillyoudoifyoufindapandaindanger.如果if条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用一般现在时态。如：Ifbearsareindanger,theyattackpeople.在if引导的条件状语从句中，if和条件句位置灵活，可直接放在主句后面，若if条件句放句首，从句后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则if条件状语从句的时态练习一在正确的答案下划一条线。1.Daina(willgo/go/goes)toEuropeifshe(willp
21、ass/pass/passes)theexams.2.Thegraduates(willteach/teach/teaches)inthepoorvillageiftheMinistryofEducation(willagree/agree/agrees)soon.3.Ifthere(willbe/are/is)acaraccident,they(willcall/call/calls)110forhelpatonce.4.Ifit(wont/dont/doesnt/isnt)rainy,we(willtake/take/takes)walkoutside.5.IfaUFO(willland/
22、land/lands)infrontofme,I(willgo/go/goes)intolookforthealien.6.Ifhe(willhave/have/has)money,he(willbulid/build/builds)asciencelab.7.DontwaitformeifI(am/willbe)late.8.They(wont/dont)gotothebeachifit(willrain/rain/rains).9.I(willcall/call)youifhe(willstay/stay/stays)athome.10.MrSmith(willlet/let/lets)y
23、ouknowifhe(willneed/need/needs)help.11.(Will/Do/Does)hevisitthemuseumifhe(wont/dont/doesnt)gettired?12.Where(will/do/does)theyliveifthey(willmiss/miss/misses)thebus?二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Ifyou_(feel)tired,you_(have)tohavearest.2.Where_he_(see)thefilmifhe_(have)time?3.Ifthere_(be)fewertrees,there_(be)morepo
24、llution.4.He_(dress)morecasuallyifhe_(notwork)onweekends.5.IfMarcia_(live)alone,she_(keep)apetparrot.6.Lana_(buy)anewdressiftheoldone_(be)outofstyle.7.Thetwins_(fight)ifthey_(argue).8.I_(have)abakesaleifI_(need)moneyforeducation.9.Peter_(send)meabeautifulsouvenirifhe_(tour)Spain.10.IfMrGreen_(say)Ia
25、mhard-working,myparents_(feel)glad.11.I_(go)tothebeachifit_(notrain)thiswee12._they_(have)amatchiftheP.E.teacher_(be)busy?13.He_(write)alettertohisgrandparentsifhe_(get)hisreportcardthisweek.14.Ifshe_(get)uplate,she_(notcatch)theearlybus.15.Peter_(major)inEnglishifhe_(pass)theexamsinPekingUniversity
26、.15.如果他到的晚了会发生什么事情？What_ifhe_late?16.如果努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。Ifyou_,you_good_.17.他如果看电视太久了，他的父母会不高兴。Ifhe_TVtoomuch,hisparents_unhappy.18.如果我们为他组织生日聚会，大家都会来的。Everyone_ifwe_abirthdayparty_him.19.如果明天不下雨，我会和你一起去公园的。Ifit_tomorrow,I_gotothepark_you.20.如果她睡过头了，就会旅游迟到的。She;_thetripifshe_.21.如果他有空，他会帮助你的。Ifhe_,he_y
27、ou.22.如果Tom考试不及格，他就没有机会上高中了。Tom_havethe_togotothe_highschoolifhe_theexams.23.你如果抄同学的作业就不能学好各门功课。You_goodatallthesubjectsifyou_theotherstudentshomework.单项选择（15分）1.Ifyou_totheparty,youllhaveagreattime.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.going2.Itwillbealongtime_Peter_hiswork.A.since,hasfinishedB.after,finishesC.when,
28、willfinishD.before,finishes.3.Whatwillfather_usfromJapan?A.takeB.bringC.carryD.make4.Weifangisfamous_kites.A.forB.toC.onD.with5I_hertheanswerifshe_me.A.cantell,willaskB.willtell,willaskC.wouldtell,askD.willtell,asks6.Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?-Wellgotothelibrarytomorrowifit_.A.isntrainB.rainC.wont
29、rainD.doesntrain7.Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?-Sorry,Idontknow.Whenhe_back,Illtellyou.A.comesB.willcomeC.comeD.maycome8.Whatwillyoudoifyou_totheoldfolkshomevisit?A.goB.wentC.goingD.willgo9.IfIeat_food,Illbeveryfat.A.toomanyB.manytooC.toomuchD.muchtoo10.Illgivethebooktohimifhe_herenextSunday.
30、A.willcomeB.comesC.iscomingD.came11.There_anEnglishfilminourschooltomorrow.A.isgoingtohaveB.willhaveC.isgoingtobeD.has12.Couldyoutelluswhere_？A.willthenextOlympicGamesheldB.thenextOlympicGameswillbeheldC.wouldthenextOlympicGamesbeheldD.thenextOlympicGameswouldbeheld13.Whenmymotherreturnedlastnight,I
31、_abook.A.readB.amreadingC.wasreadingD.amgoingtoread14.What_you_whenitbegantorain?A.do,doB.were,doingC.are,doingD.did,do15.Illwakeyouupwhenhe_back.A.willB.isgoingtocomeC.comesD.come1-5CDBAD6-10DAACB11-15CBCBCe.g.IwillcallyouifIcome.或IfIcome,Iwillcome.(主将从现)如果明天不下雨，我们将去野炊。_Ifyoudropthevase,itfallsinto
32、pieces.(主现从现)如果你摔花瓶的话，它就会变成碎片。如果你把水冷却的话，它就会变成冰。_Ifyouhaveanyproblems,pleasecallme.如果你知道答案，请举手。_2.unless引导的条件状语从句，位置和if引导的一样。Unless=if.notE.g.Ifyoudontstudyhard,youwillnotpasstheexam.=Unlessyoustudyhard,youwillnotpasstheexam.除非你努力工作，否则你不会得到高工资。（highsalary）。_3.条件状语从句和祈使句之间的转换。结构：祈使句，and/or+从句（and:那么or
33、否则）1.) Workhard,andyouwillgetahighsalary.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillgetahighsalary.2.)Workhard,oryouwillnotgetahighsalary.=Unlessyouworkhard,youwillnotgetahighsalary.=Ifyoudontworkhard,youwillnotgetahighsalary.练习一在正确的答案下划一条线。1.Daina(willgo/go/goes)toEuropeifshe(willpass/pass/passes)theexams.2.Thegraduate
34、s(willteach/teach/teaches)inthepoorvillageiftheMinistryofEducation(willagree/agree/agrees)soon.3.Ifthere(willbe/are/is)acaraccident,they(willcall/call/calls)110forhelpatonce.4.Ifit(wont/dont/doesnt/isnt)rainy,we(willtake/take/takes)walkoutside.5.IfaUFO(willland/land/lands)infrontofme,I(willgo/go/goe
35、s)intolookforthealien.6.Ifhe(willhave/have/has)money,he(willbulid/build/builds)asciencelab.3.原因状语从句A、引导原因状语从句的连词原因状语从句一般由从属连词because,as,since，nowthat引导。B、because,as,since和nowthat的区别：1、because“因为”，表示直接的原因，语气最强。1）why提问的句子，必须用because回答。2）because的从句常放在主句之后。3）because不能与so连用。4）because+从句；becauseof+名词短语ImissedthetrainbecauseIgotuplate.Hewasangrynotbecausewewerelatebutbecausewemadeanoise.-Whydidnthecomeyesterday?-Becausehewasill.because和so不能同用在一个句子里。注意：“not.because”结构中的not否定的是becau
