1、主动语态主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者。表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者。表示主语是动作的承受者。在主动语态并且含有主语谓语宾语的句子中在主动语态并且含有主语谓语宾语的句子中,主语是动作的发出者主语是动作的发出者;谓语是动作本身谓语是动作本身;宾语是动作的承受者。宾语是动作的承受者。被动语态的结构被动语态的结构 助动词助动词be+及物动词的过去及物动词的过去分词分词 (be+done)主动语态变被动语态的变法：主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾口诀：宾变主，主变宾by后见后见.谓变谓变be done,时态人称时态人称be关键。关键。注：注：1.主动
2、、被动的时态要一致。主动、被动的时态要一致。2.主动、被动的句式要一致。主动、被动的句式要一致。3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语变成的被动语态的主语与谓语 在单复数上保持一致。在单复数上保持一致。含有情态动词的被动语态结构：含有情态动词的被动语态结构：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词 am/is/are+过去分词过去分词一般现在时的被动语态结构：一般现在时的被动语态结构：情态动词情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,必须和其他动词原形连用必须和其他动词原形连用构成谓语。We speak Eng
3、lish.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Englishis spokenby us.主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态我们讲英语我们讲英语.We can speak English.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Englishcan be spokenbyus.我们会讲英语我们会讲英语.We should speak English in class.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)English should be spoken byusin class.上课时上课时,我们应该讲英语我们应该讲英语.We must speak English in class.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)English
4、 must be spokenbyusin class.上课时上课时,我们必须讲英语我们必须讲英语.The students study English.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语学生学英语学生学英语.Englishis studied by the students.The students must study English well.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)English must be studiedby the students学生必须学好英语学生必须学好英语.wellPeople discover more and more things.主主谓谓宾宾(
5、受动者受动者)More andmore thingsare discovered bypeople.改为被动语态人们发现越来越多的事物人们发现越来越多的事物.People can discover more and more things.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)More andmore thingscan be discoveredbypeople.改为被动语态人们能够发现越来越多的事物人们能够发现越来越多的事物.People will discover more and more things.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)More andmore thingswill be disco
6、veredbypeople.改为被动语态人们将会发现越来越多的事物人们将会发现越来越多的事物.1.The astronauts can discover something new about Mars.2.Kangkang should master some basic computer skills.3.Maria can perform ballet on the stage in the future.can be discoveredshould be masteredcan be performed1).有些及物动词或动词短语有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：不能用于被动语
7、态：last,have,own.2).不及物动词不及物动词是没有被动语态：是没有被动语态：happen,take place.3).系动词系动词是没有被动语态：是没有被动语态：look,feel,sound,smell,taste.The dish tastes good 4).有些词组没有被动语态：有些词组没有被动语态：sell well,write well,ride well,drive well This kind of skirt sells well.5).need表示需要时表示需要时,后面常接后面常接doing 形式表示被动形式表示被动 意义，相当于意义，相当于to be don
8、e.All the computers need repairing.=All the computers need to be repaired.被动语态综合练习1.You are late,all the tickets _(sell)out an hour ago.2.This type of cellphone _(make)in Shenzhen.3.The story _(happen)in a magic land.4.Her homework _(finish)yet,so she is still working on it now.were soldwas madehapp
9、enedhasnt been finished5.When _ the sports meeting _(hold)?6.Look,a new road _(build)in that area.7.The dirty clothes must _(wash)at once.8.The roses _(smell)sweet.9.It is well _(know)that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.will be heldis being builtbe washedsmellknown表格：被动态基本结构时态时态被动语态结构被动语态结构一般
10、现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will/be going to be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been done时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般现在一般现在时时V(原形原形)/V(e)sam/is/are+done一般过去一般过去时时V-edwas/were+do
11、ne一般将来一般将来时时will+V(原形原形)will+be+done含情态动含情态动词词情态动词情态动词+V(原形原形)情态动词情态动词+be+done含有情态动词的被动语态结构：含有情态动词的被动语态结构：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词3.Could you tell me some library rules?Sure.For example,food in the library.(should/not/eat)foodeatshouldbeennotshould not=shouldnt 不应该不应该shouldnt be eaten4.this p
12、olicy 5.before the Spring Festival?6.Its hard to say.(can/carry out)this policyits=it is由此判断由此判断,询问的是现在的情况询问的是现在的情况.carry outcanbecarriedoutCanbe carried out5.Is everything going well?No,our plan because of the bad weather.(have to/cancel)our plancancelhas togo well 进展顺利进展顺利is going现在进行时现在进行时,询问现在的情
13、况询问现在的情况.beedcancelledhas to be canceled/cancelled6.John,can you finish the work before tonight?Sorry,Im afraid I cant,boss.It before tomorrow morning.(may/finish)the workfinishmay beedmay be finished am/is/are+过去分词过去分词一般现在时的被动语态结构：一般现在时的被动语态结构：was/were+过去分词过去分词一般过去时的被动语态结构：一般过去时的被动语态结构：8.Where woul
14、d like to go?Id like to go to the tower of London.Long ago,it as a prisonfor important prisoners.(use)itusewasdwas usedbe used as 被当作使用被当作使用long ago2.Have you watered those flowers,Tim?No,I havent.But those flowers by my grandpa yesterday morning.(water)those flowerswateryesterday morningwereedwere
15、wateredwater 不可数名词不可数名词,“水水”;动词动词,“浇水浇水”.7.Where is the milk?It went bad and by your mother.(throw away)went是是 go的过去式的过去式,判断时态要用判断时态要用一般过去时一般过去时.the milkthrow awaywasnwas thrown awaygo bad 坏了坏了;变质了变质了throw away扔掉扔掉1.he to Lilys birthday party last night?(invite)heinvitelast nightwasdWas invitedinvite sb.to+地点地点 邀请某人去某地邀请某人去某地sb.+be invited to+地点地点 某人某人被邀请被邀请去某地去某地invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事邀请某人做某事sb.+be invited to do sth.某人某人被邀请被邀请做某事做某事
