1、Its a short statement(陈述）陈述）that covers only the main points of sth,not the details牛津高阶英汉双解词典 概要：用概要：用简短扼要简短扼要(brief)的语言的语言客观客观(objective)全面全面(thoroughly)呈现要点呈现要点。Part 1 Warming upWhat is a summary?Example：A group of great teachers from other classes happily came to our beautiful and friendly class.
2、The main idea:Ignore:the unnecessary details Read:a given passage(about 350 words)Write:a 60-word summary（一段60词）cover 3-5 points （3-5个要点）use your own words （自己的语言）in the third person （第三人称）use the brief sentences （简明扼要）proper connection (恰当衔接）Part 1Requests?(高考写作要求）高考写作要求）Part 1A Sample of a summary
3、Shyness is common among people and different reasons can explain it.Some people are born shy because they have shy parents.Family size is another reason explaining why some kids behave shyly.Besides，the culture where one is raised may play a part in ones shyness.s shyness.However,one can get over sh
4、yness by trying something new and communicating with others.(60 Words)WhilereadingWhilereading1 Wrong Topic (主旨和原文不符）主旨和原文不符）2 Wrong Points/lack points（要点错误（要点错误/少要点）少要点）3 Not complete or details (要点不全要点不全/细节作要点）细节作要点）WhilewritingWhilewriting1 Without Own Language(抄原句，无自己语言）抄原句，无自己语言）2 Poor Vocabula
5、ry (词汇简单，无丰富词汇句式）词汇简单，无丰富词汇句式）3 Not brief and logical (不简洁，不连贯）不简洁，不连贯）4 Other problems (书写，分段，拼写，词句错等）书写，分段，拼写，词句错等）Part 2-Leading in Skill 1.Fast reading for the genre （快读定体裁）（快读定体裁）Skill 2 Skimming for the topic or purpose（略读知主题（略读知主题/意图）意图）Skill 3 Scanning for the topic sentence （寻读找主题句）（寻读找主题句）
6、Skill 4 Skipping for the key points or sub-points（跳读找主次要点）（跳读找主次要点）Skill 5 List all the points in a form （用表格（用表格,列要点列要点）Part 3PresentationSkills of Reading for pointsFind the target words and Judge the genreof Find the target words and Judge the genreof the passage below the passage below (快读体裁相关的目
7、标词汇并找出下列文章体裁快读体裁相关的目标词汇并找出下列文章体裁)Book 1U2:Page 9)The Road To Modern EnglishBook 2 U1:Page 5)A Fact Or Opinion?Book 2 U 4:Page 26)How Daisy learnt to help wildlifeA:a narration(记叙文）记叙文）-tells a story or event B:an exposition（说明文）（说明文）-explain sth or share informationC:an argumentation（议论文）（议论文）-make
8、sb believethe authors opinion Skill 1.Fast reading for the genre BBAConsolidation for Skill 1-judge the genre(体裁）体裁）As is known to all,sports stars earn large amounts of money every year.LeBron James,the famous American basketball star,for example,earns an income of more than 20 million dollars a ye
9、ar.Some people hold the view that these stars do not deserve the high pay that they are getting.Some even say that sports stars do nothing to society apart from entertaining people.Their contributions(贡献）贡献）to society are much less than those made by doctors,firemen,scientists,professors,etc.But I c
10、an never agree with that.argument 议论文：议论文：view，say,I never agree(A)Consolidation Skill 1-judge the genre(体裁）体裁）(B)Scientists find that the hard-working people live longer than average men and women.Career women are healthier than housewives.Evidences show that the jobless are in poorer health than j
11、ob-holders.An research shows that whenever the unemployment rate increases by 1%，the death rate increases correspondingly(相应地相应地)by 2%.All this comes down to one point：work is helpful to health.Exposition说明文:（Scientists,eivdences,research show,2%）Why do we need to know the genre?Why do we need to kn
12、ow the genre?Tip1-knowing the genre,knowing the outline narrative(记叙文记叙文)1.story(5w+1h):who,what,when where,why,how)2.event（beginning-development-ending)exposition(说明文说明文)1.介绍事物介绍事物描述性质描述性质/功用功用2.问题问题解决方法解决方法 3.现象现象 原因原因本质本质 argumentation(议论文议论文)the topic the supporting evidence writers view Explora
13、tion：Read the summary below and find its outline B2 U4 Reading:Narrative(记叙文）记叙文）How Daisy learnted to help endangered wildlife Summary：Daisy learned to help endangered wildlife by visiting three places on a flying carpet.The summary is based on_A:5 w+h B:beginning-development-endingB 2 U1 a fact or
14、 opinion(exposition说明文）说明文）:Summary：A fact is something that can be proved and an opinion is one belives but cant be proved.So in a trial,a judge only trusts the facts which is called evidence.The summary is based on_（A 事物事物B问题问题C现象）现象）AASkill 2-Skimming for the topic or purpose（略读知主题（略读知主题/意图）意图）Kn
15、owing the topic can help us:1,leave out unnecessary details (删除无关细节）删除无关细节）2,present all the points correctly（正确呈现要点（正确呈现要点）Why?Skill2-Choose the topic for the paragraph As is known to all,sports stars earn much money every year.LeBron James,the famous American basketball star,for example,earns more
16、 than 20 million dollars a year.Some people hold the view that these stars do not deserve the high pay that they are getting.Some even say that sports stars do nothing to society apart from entertaining people.Their contributions(贡献）贡献）to society are much less than those made by doctors,firemen,scie
17、ntists,professors,etc.But I can never agree with that.A:Sports stars earn much money B:The stars deserve the high pay C:Sports stars have no contributions D:The author dont agree with the above viewsConsolidation-Skim and Chosse the topic Scientists find that the hard-working people live longer than
18、 average men and women.Career women are healthier than housewives.Evidences show that the jobless are in poorer health than job-holders.An investigation shows that whenever the unemployment rate(失业率）失业率）increases by 1%，the death rate increases correspondingly(相应地相应地)by 2%.All this comes down to one
19、point：work is helpful to health.A:Hard-working people live longer B:Housewives are healthier C:Unemployment rate and death rate D:Work is good for healthTip2-When you skim,you can ignorethe clause but pay attention to the main sentence略读时略读时可以忽略从句，关注主句可以忽略从句，关注主句和结论和结论 Skill 3-Discover the topic sen
20、tences below and think about their location B1 U 2 Standard And Dilaets(expositon 说明文说明文)Para 1:Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English(段落段落第第2句句,前面是一个问句前面是一个问句）Para 2:American English has many dialets.(段落第段落第2句）句）Para 3:Geography also plays a part in making dialects.(段落第段落第1句句）
21、Tip 3-Topic sentence can be the first the last sentence or the answer of a question.(西方喜欢开门西方喜欢开门见山，主题句常见见山，主题句常见句首句首，也有，也有句尾句尾和问句后的和问句后的答句答句）Consolidaton-Consolidaton-underline the topic sentenceunderline the topic sentenceWhy is work good for health？It is because work keeps people busy，away from l
22、oneliness.Researches show that people feel unhappy，worried and solitary when they have nothing to do.Instead，the happiest are those who are busy.Besides，work gives one the sense of fulfillment(满足感）满足感）and a sense of achievement(成就感）成就感）.Work makes one feel his value and status in society.When a writ
23、er finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students progress，they are happy beyond words.Tip 3-When you scan,pay attention to the linking words such as First,Besides,on the other handSkill 4-Skipping for the key points or sub-points（跳读找主次要点）（跳读找主次要点）
24、Practise:Find all the points in the para below.B2 U 5 Reading:Para 4 on Pg 35Para 4:_How the Monkees became popular and became a real band Key Points:popular.a real band Sub-points:the monkees,how,became Tip 4:Skipping for the signal words as points主要点信号词主要点信号词：1,结果关系结果关系（so/as a result)2,转折后，转折后，Ho
25、wever/but，to be honest次要点常出现次要点常出现：列举项目中：列举项目中/段中频度高段中频度高/逻辑关系逻辑关系Consolidation-Skim for central points&subpoints While sports are for fun,it does not mean that they are not important to peoples life.Why do so many people go to see football matches and NBA games？It is because they enjoy the games,an
26、d they are willing to pay to watch the performances.Because of the sports stars,our life becomes more exciting.Some sports stars get honor for their country,and their countrymen are proud of them.They do good to the peoples mental health.Underline the central points and subpoints (用下划线中心论点和次要点用下划线中心
27、论点和次要点 ）Why 表示结果表示结果(enjoy the games为为key points，几个，几个because后是次要点后是次要点(exciting,get honor,do good to Consolidation-Skim for central points&subpoints While sports are for fun,it does not mean that they are not important to peoples life.Why do so many people go to see football matches and NBA games？I
28、t is because they enjoy the games,and they are willing to pay to watch the performances.Because of the sports stars,our life becomes more exciting.Some sports stars get honor for their country,and their countrymen are proud of them.They do good to the peoples mental health.Summary:We appreciate the
29、games for they make our life exciting and they are good for our mind.Tip 5-When writing,connect all points brieflySConsolidation-Skim for central points&subpoints Whats more,sports stars usually are at the top of level in their fields.In this world,you have to pay if you want the best.For example,Da
30、 Vincis painting Mona Lisa(蒙娜丽莎）蒙娜丽莎）was bought for too much money because it stands for the top skills in it.Most stars are great in their own field not only because of their talents but also because of their hard training.They have to keep performing at their peak(尖端）尖端）to earn that good earnings.
31、Tip6-Leave out unnecessary examples ordetailsDoes the points need to contain Monalisa?Why?No,it is only for the main points:you have to pay if it is thebest.Sub-points:talents,hard training(=keep performing)Skill 5-List all the points in the form (用表格列要点用表格列要点)(Why Do the text in M1 U 4,M2 U3,M2 U4,
32、M2 U 5use the form to list main ideas?Topic logicMain idea(para1-)Supporting detailsrewriting Tip 7：The form makes the outline clearlyand logical for later writing Part 4-Summary Writing:-How to look for the key points 1知文体知文体（genre)-理解思路理解思路(outline)2知话题知话题（topic)-找全要点找全要点(all points)3主题句主题句 topic
33、sentence-段首尾和问题后段首尾和问题后 4主次要点主次要点(CP and SP)-合并，改写，删细节合并，改写，删细节5列表格列表格（form)-弄懂层次和逻辑弄懂层次和逻辑（outline&logical)Homework:Fill all the points in the form and try to rewrite.练习练习1 1Scientists find that the hard-working people live longer than average men and women.Career women are healthier than housewive
34、s.Evidences show that the jobless are in poorer health than job-holders.An investigation shows that whenever the unemployment rate increases by 1%，the death rate increases correspondingly(相应地相应地)by 2%.All this comes down to one point：work is helpful to health.Why is work good for health？It is becaus
35、e work keeps people busy，away from loneliness and solitude.Researches show that people feel unhappy，worried and solitary when they have nothing to do.Instead，the happiest are those who are busy.Many high achievers who love their careers feel they are most happy when they are working hard.Work serves
36、 as a bridge between man and reality.By work，people come into contact with each other.By collective activity，they find friendship and warmth.This is helpful to health.The loss of work means the loss of everything.It affects man spiritually and hence makes him likely to disease.Besides，work gives one
37、 the sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement.Work makes one feel his value and status in society.When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students progress，they are happy beyond words.1,Transform(转化（词，句，短语，语态转化（词，句，短语，语态）2.Combin
38、e（合并，删减，省略（合并，删减，省略）3.Link sentences（连接（词，句，短语（连接（词，句，短语）Stpe 3-Summary for Writing a summaryA possible version:The author highlights the effect of work on peoples health,because it can rid one of loneliness,and make one feel fruitful and proud of himself,which always contributes to a good body.（现象（
39、现象+原因）原因）1.Main ideas 2.Find out supporting facts3.Pick out key words4.Transform5.Combine6.Linking wordsTips-Summary for Writing a summaryHomework-Find out the points and rewrite Their influence on the national economy can not be overlooked.Take NBA in America for example,the stars help to support n
40、ot only the basketball industry,but also other related industries like sportswear and sports equipment.Sports stars also make constant appearance in advertisements.Since they are well known in the world,they attract many peoples attention,which often leads to an immediate boom in the sales of the pr
41、oducts that are advertised by them.I hope one day their accomplishments will be fully recognized.4.How does the author explain the influence?1Some people hold the view that these stars do not deserve the high pay that they are getting.But I can never agree with that.(Para.1)Different from some peopl
42、es views,the writer believes sports stars pay is not too high but reasonable.2Because of the sports stars,our life becomes more exciting.They contribute to the spiritual well-being of their people.(Para.2)sports stars performance bring people excitement and spiritual well-being.Skill 5-Transforming
43、the points(介词短语，同义词）3Most stars are skilled in their own field not only because of their talents but also because of their hardtraining.(Para.3)they are the best in their fields thanks to their talents and hard training.4Their influence on the national economy can not be overlooked.Take NBA in Ameri
44、ca for example,the stars help to support not only the basketball industry,but also other related industries like sportswear and sports equipment.Sports stars also make constant appearance in advertisements.(Para.4)sports stars like these in NBA contribute to the national economy by benefiting basket
45、ball industry,other industries as well as advertising industry.Transforming（化繁为简）（化繁为简）Skill6-Enjoy the linking words in the summary Different from some peoples views,the writer believes sports stars pay is not too high but reasonable.(要点要点1)First,sports stars performance bring people excitement and
46、 spiritual well-being.(要点要点2)Besides,they are the best in their fields thanks to their talents and hard training.(要点要点3)Lastly,sports stars like these in NBA contribute to the national economy by benefiting basketball industry,other industries as well as advertising industry.(要点要点4)（65words）Step 1 genre,topic,topic sentences,points,formStep 2.Rewrite the key information of each partStep 3.consider the outline and its logic Step 4.Write the first draftStep 5.Revise the summarySteps of Summary Writing
