1、高考英语情态动词练习题及答案一、单项选择情态动词1The professor warned the students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.Ashould theyBthey shouldCdare theyDthey dare【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。2You rang me up at about 10:00 last
2、night, didnt you?No, I didnt phone you. It someone else.Amust have beenBcould beCmust beDcould have been【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？”“不，我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” musthavedone是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”，结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 。故选A项。3According to a newly released regulation on on
3、line video services, no one _ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.AcanBshallCwillDmay【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章，任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够，有时会；B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见； 二三人称陈述句，表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意愿；D. may 也许，可能。根据前面的regulatio
4、n（规定）可知，本题选shall更加合理。故选B。4Our English teacher is considerate，helpful，and warm-hearted，but sometimes she_ be angry at our silly mistakes.AshouldBmustCcanDshall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们的英语老师很体贴、乐于助人、热心肠，但有时她可能为我们愚蠢的错误而发火。can表示一种客观的可能性，但不一定会发生，故C项正确。5Its already 11 oclock , and he _ have been here half
5、 an hour ago.Maybe he got caught in the rain.AmustBought toCmayDcan【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：已经11点了，他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can have done本来可以做的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。6My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lec
6、ture.Ashouldnt have attendedBcouldnt have attendedCmustnt have attendedDneednt have attended【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查情态动词用法。Shouldnt have done本不应该做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；couldnt have done不可能做某事（对过去情况的推测）；neednt have done本不需要做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；句意：我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见了他，所以他不可能去听了你的演讲。故B正确。考点：考查情态动词用法点评：考本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。mu
7、st have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done 本应该做而实际未做。cant have done 过去不可能做了某事；shouldnt have done 本不应该做而实际做了。 need have done 本有必要做某事；neednt have done 本没有必要做某事；注意没有 mustnt have done的形式。7It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.AmayBcanCmustDshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用
8、法。句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的，因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能；B. can可能；C. must一定；D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的，非常有把握的肯定推测，故选C。8What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ it better.Aneed have doneBmust have doneCcan have doneDmight have done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意：真遗憾啊！考虑到他的
9、能力和经验，他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构，表示对过去行为的怀疑；用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”，表示怀疑；need have done需要做某事，实际上却未做（表示虚拟语气）；must have done一定做了某事（表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测）；might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。故D正确。【点睛】本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。cant have done过去不可能做了某事；sh
10、ouldnt have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做；neednt have done本没有必要做某事；注意没有mustnt have done的形式。9_ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window.AWouldBShallCMustDMay【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：那位抱
11、小孩的女士，要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。谢谢，实际上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。would表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，Shall提问一般只用于第一人称，我们常说Shall I.或者 Shall we；may表示请求对方允许。故选A。【点睛】would的用法1.would 最常见的用法是：相对于一个过去时间点的后来“将要”做什么，比如：He said he would meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对于 said （过去说）之后要做的事情。又如：She thought she would have to as
12、k someone for help. 她当时想，她得找个人帮忙。10Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I _ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.Ashould have doneBneed have doneCwould have doneDmust have done【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：坦率地说，我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事，这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A
13、. should have done表示本应该做某事，而实际上没有做某事；B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做；C. would have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”；D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知，本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。11One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.AmightBcouldCshallDwill【答案】C【
14、解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我们其中一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。shall可以表示“命令，警告，强制要求；允诺；法律，规定要做”，结合句意可知C正确。12The room is so clean. He _ have cleaned it yesterday evening.AwillBneedCcanDmust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。13He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he
15、 _ be quite charming when he wishes.AshallBshouldCcanDmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。14It is really cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last night.AmightBmustCcanDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚
16、下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了”表示对过去十分有把握的推测，故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.The temperature must have dropp
17、ed to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是：They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是
18、“他们当然已经到达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）15The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.Ashould have avoidedBshould be avoidedCcould have avoidedDcould have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是
19、可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”，且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He can
20、t have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could。如：They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余。如：I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought t
21、o + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：I guess
22、 the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.16I have something important to tell John. But I cant find him.His cell phone is here, so he _ have gone too far.AmustntBneedntCwouldntDcant【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。他
23、的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能，用cant have done。故选D。17Whats wrong with you?Oh, I am sick. I _ so much ice cream just now.Ashouldnt eatBmustnt eatCcouldnt have eatenDshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：你怎么了？我生病了，我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldnt eat不应该吃；B. mustnt eat禁止吃；C. couldnt ha
24、ve eaten不可能吃；D. shouldnt have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just now可知，是发生在过去，故选D。18He _ his stay in France, didnt he? He looks amazingly different.Awill have enjoyedBshould have enjoyedCcan have enjoyedDmust have enjoyed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：他在法国一定过得很愉快，是吗?他看起来很不一样。must have done一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测。由“
25、 He looks amazingly different.”可知，他在法国一定过得很愉快。所以这是对过去事情的较有把握的推测。故选D项。19Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?Yes, but I dont think I _ because my director was there.Aneed to haveBneed toCneeded toDneed have【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?是的，但我想我（本来）不需要，因
26、为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时，要把从句的否定词not前移，即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”；“neednt have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)在”可推断出，我本来不必要去。故选D。20Well make the final decision on our scheme. _ you change your mind, ple
27、ase inform us as soon as possible.AShouldBWereCWouldDHad【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind。故选A。【点睛】虚拟语气中的倒装当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：1）If he should fail, he
28、would kill himself.Should he fail, he would kill himself.万一失败，他就会自杀。2）If I were you, I would do it at once.Were I you, I would do it at once.假若我是你，我就会马上做。要是我能做此事，我一定会做。3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到
29、了你，他就会问你这事了。该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。21(2018北京) In todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.Aneed BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失有时会对一
30、个公司造成严重的问题。数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况，即“客观可能性”，故该空应用情态动词can。C选项正确。其余情态动词均没有该用法。need需要；should应该，竟然；must必须，肯定。点睛：can的基本用法：1. (表示能力、功能)能，会；2. (表示推测)可能，可能会；3.（表示允许，请求）可以；4.（表示客观可能性）有时会。22What do you think we can do for our aged parents?You _ do anything except to be with them.Adont have toBoughtnt toCmustntDc
31、ant【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你认为我们能为年迈的父母做些什么？除了和他们在一起，你不必做任何事情。A. dont have to不必；B. oughtnt to不应该；C. mustnt不可以；D. cant不能。根据语境可知，此处表示客观性的必须，dont have toexcept to“除了不必做”。故选A。【点睛】have to表示客观需求时，使用have to的情况要比must多。have to受客观条件或环境迫使而“不得不”做某事，突出客观性。must一般则表示命令或说话人主观认为必须要做某事，含强调语气，侧重主观性。有时候也使用be+不定式表示需要做某
32、事，但语气较弱一些。如：I am to do it, whether I like it or not.must表示客观性的需要时，一般翻译为“总是要（会）”。如：All men must die. 人故有一死。ought to表示必须时，偏责任，推想等。如：You ought to work hard.23Every coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, _ just be noise to others.AmustBshouldCmayDwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲，有时候，
33、对别人来说也许是噪音。A. must一定，表示肯定推测；B. should应该；C. may也许，可能；D. would将会，表示对将来的推测。分析句子可知，此处应该表示可能的推测，“美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。”。结合选项，故选C。24Im sorry, but you _ go wrong. Theres no such man here.AneedBcanCmustDwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：很抱歉，但是你一定是弄错了。这儿没有这么个人。A. need需要；B. can能够；C. must必须；D. will将会。must指有把握的推测，“一定；
34、必定”，结合下文Theres no such man here.可知一定是弄错了。故选C。25I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.It true because there was little snow there.Amay be notBwont beCcouldnt beDmustnt be【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我听说他们去年冬天去山里滑雪。-不可能是真的，因为那里几乎没有雪。A. may be not可能不；B. wont be 不会；C. couldnt be不可能是； D. must
35、nt be禁止。根据because there was little snow there.可知这里是否定推测，couldnt be“不可能是”符合句意，故选C项。26-Is Jack still in hospital?-Yes. He _ the bad food.Awouldnt eatBshouldnt eatCwouldnt have eatenDshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意;-杰克孩子医院吗？-是，他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物，所以排除AB，这里的shouldnt have done表示“过去本不应该做而做了”，wouldn
36、t have done过去本不会做而做了，所以选D。考点：考查情态动词和虚拟语气27Its so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed? Oh, Im not to blame. They _ open.AshantBmustntCwontDwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：-这里又热又不舒服！你的窗户怎么还关着？ -哦，不该责备我啊。窗户打不开了。shant= shall not意为“不可, 不应”；mustnt=must not意为“不要”；wouldnt=would not
37、 意为“不会，不愿意”。wont=will not意为“不会, 不能”， will在这里表示能力、功能。例如：This auditorium will seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人。这句话意思是“这扇窗不能打开”，故选C项。28You _ give me a lift. I want to walk home for exercise.AneedntBcouldntCcantDmustnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不必让我搭车。我想步行回家锻炼身体。A. neednt不必；B. couldnt不能；C. cant不会；D. mu
38、stnt禁止，不允许。根据I want to walk home for exercise.可知，你不必让我搭车。故选A。考点：考查情态动词29Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.You_it in the wrong place.Amust putBshould have putCmight putDmight have put【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的词典在哪里？我记得昨天放在这里了。你或许放错了地方。“might have +动词+ed形式”表示过去可能完成的动作。根据所提供的情景Wh
39、ere is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.可判断出把词典放在某个地方发生在过去，所以要用“might have +动词+ed形式”。“should have + 动词+ed形式”表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”，是肯定的推测，与所提供的情景的矛盾。might put表示现在发生的事。故选D。30-Mary knows the city quite well.-She_ well have been there before.AneedBcouldCshouldDmay【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考
40、查情态动词辨析。句意：Mary非常了解这个城市。她肯定以前在那里呆过。may have done过去可能做过某事。表示对过去的肯定猜测。need have done本需要做某事却没做；could have done本可以做某事却没做；should have done本应该做某事却没做。故选D。31- Oh, my God! I just missed the last bus back home.- Thats really bad. Im sure you _ it, but you just didnt hurry up.Ahad caughtBcould have caughtCcoul
41、d catchDcan catch【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：哦,我的上帝!我刚好错过了回家的末班车。这是非常糟糕的。我肯定你能赶上，但你就是不抓紧。could have done“本来能做而没有做”。故选B。32- Did Jim come?- I dont know. He _ while I was out.Amight have comeBmight comeCmust have comeDshould have come【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词推测用法。句意：Jim来了吗？-我不知道，在我不在的时候，可能来过。根据前文I don
42、t know.可知，说话者不知道Jim来没来，因此后文推测来过，但是语气很不确定，故可知选A。对过去情况的推测 为情态动词+have done，must have done 一定做了某事，should have done 应该来过，不符合，故选A。【点睛】情态动词+have+过去分词的用法，表示推测或判断过去的情况。can/could+have+过去分词用法：多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑，意为：不可能（已经）.了-（否定句）/可能（已经）.了嘛？-（疑问句）用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有轻微的责备，意为：本来可以.的（但实际上没有.）。You
43、could have done better, but you were too careless.（肯定句。他能做得更好的）should/ought to+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有责备的意思，意为：本来应该.的（但实际上没有.）。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备，意为：本来不应该.的（但实际上已经.了）。He should have been asleep.（肯定句，他本应去睡觉的）He shouldnt have been asleep.（否定句，他本来不应该去睡觉的）。may/might+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句和否定句中
44、，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为：或许（已经）./或许还没有.。It is too late. He may have gone to bed.must+have+过去分词用法：表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时，不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.（must 的引入，表达了说话者对过去忘记告诉你的这件事肯定推测）neednt+have+过去分词用法：表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔，意为：本来可以不必.的（可实际上却已经.）You neednt have taken a taxi here, for it wa
45、s very near to my home.33 Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window? Well, if you _. I can put on more clothes.AcanBmayCmustDshall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：-不好意思，我把窗户打开你介意吗?- 好吧，如果你必须这么做的话。我可以多穿点衣服。A. can能够；B. may可能；C. must一定；必须；D. shall会；将。must表示偏要，必须要做的事情，故选C。34 I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didnt you drive him there? I _. But my car _ .Awould; was fixedBwould have;
