1、Unit 4 Journey across a vast landReading and thinking阅读要点分段讲解阅读要点分段讲解Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast LandLi Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast.Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way,they decided to fly to Vancouver and then
2、 take the train.For both of them,the thought of crossing the whole country by rail was exciting.Para.1不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语主语主语动名词作宾语动名词作宾语Before starting out,they spent a couple of days in Vancouver,seeing the sights.During their first day,as is typical of Vancouver,it rained.Despite the weather,they we
3、re able to take a boat ride out into the bay,and later visit an island that had wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques.The next day was clear and mild,and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.Later,they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance
4、 away.Para.2=before they started out动词动词ing作状语作状语定语从句定语从句as引导非限制性定语从句，可指代整个主句。从句可放在主句之前从句可放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后也可以放在主句之后,有时还可以放在主句的中间有时还可以放在主句的中间。例：1.As is reported,talks between the two countries are making progress 2.He is indifferent to money,as is often the case with young people.3.Grammar,as has bee
5、n said before,is not a set of dead rules.Before starting out,they spent a couple of days in Vancouver,seeing the sights.During their first day,as is typical of Vancouver,it rained.Despite the weather,they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay,and later visit an island that had wonderful sho
6、ps selling crafts and antiques.The next day was clear and mild,and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.Later,they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away.Para.2be typical of sb./sth.是的特点;象征It is typical of sb to do sth.某人一向例：1.This poem is t
7、ypical of the Romantic period.2.It would be typical of me to go a breath of air when at a party.3.It is typical of him to take hard jobs.Before starting out,they spent a couple of days in Vancouver,seeing the sights.During their first day,as is typical of Vancouver,it rained.Despite the weather,they
8、 were able to take a boat ride out into the bay,and later visit an island that had wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques.The next day was clear and mild,and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.Later,they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short dista
9、nce away.Para.2动词动词ing作状语作状语定语从句定语从句Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast LandThe next morning,the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise,passing through the Canadian Rockies.Seen from the train window,the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.When the train arrived at the station,th
10、ey took a taxi to Lake Louise,where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.They spent the night,and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.Para.3不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语形容词作表语形容词作表语动词动词ing作状语作状语过去分词作状语过去分词作状语take ones breath away 本意是“令人无法呼吸”
11、，常用来比喻“(美景等美景等)令某人大为惊讶或兴奋令某人大为惊讶或兴奋”。例：You are so beautiful that you take my breath away.After climbing the mountain,we felt that the view took our breath away.The next morning,the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise,passing through the Canadian Rockies.Seen from the train window,
12、the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.When the train arrived at the station,they took a taxi to Lake Louise,where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.They spent the night,and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.Par
13、a.3并列谓语并列谓语Looking at the beautiful scenery,they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests,one highlight of their trip was being able to see many different creatures,including deer,mountain goats,and even a grizz
14、ly bear and an eagle.Para.3动词动词ing作状语作状语宾语从句宾语从句定语从句定语从句in addition to 1)相当于一个介词，所以to后接动词作宾语时要用动名词。2)主语后有in addition to引出的介词短语时，谓语动词与其 前面的主语保持一致。例：In addition to giving me some advice,he gave me some money.The teacher,in addition to his students,was interested in the book.From Jasper,they caught the
15、 train towards Toronto.One of the trains first stops was in Edmonton,the provincial Capital of Alberta,the centre of Canadas huge oil and gas drilling industry.Edmonton is freezing cold in winter,with daily temperatures averaging-10.Since it can be too cold to go outdoors,Edmonton is home to many sh
16、opping malls.In fact,one of the largest shopping malls in North America is in Edmonton.Para.4同位语同位语be home to 1)拥有 2)为.的所在地；是.的家乡例：Jamaica is home to over two million people.This deserted old building is home to mice and flies.From Jasper,they caught the train towards Toronto.One of the trains first
17、 stops was in Edmonton,the provincial Capital of Alberta,the centre of Canadas huge oil and gas drilling industry.Edmonton is freezing cold in winter,with daily temperatures averaging-10.Since it can be too cold to go outdoors,Edmonton is home to many shopping malls.In fact,one of the largest shoppi
18、ng malls in North America is in Edmonton.Para.4中的一个中的一个Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast LandFrom Edmonton,the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie.At school,Daiyu and Liu Qian had learnt that Canadas population is only slightly over thirty-seven million.However,they did not anticipat
19、e seeing such an open country,and were truly amazed.They went through two wheat-growing provinces,where they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area.Para.5定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句After another day on the train,eventually they were back in an urban area,the city of Winnipeg.From there,they travel
20、led through the night,and woke up in Ontarioa land of forests and lakes.The train thundered on,through the rolling hills.The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red,gold,and orange,and there was frost on the ground,confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada.Night came again,and the t
21、rain turned south towards Toronto.Para.6继续快速前行继续快速前行动词动词ing作状语作状语宾语从句宾语从句When they woke up the next morning and pulled back the curtain,they could see the wide stretch of Lake Huronone of the four Great Lakes on Ontarios southern border.It was not until 9:30 a.m.that they finally reached the capital
22、 of Ontario,Toronto.All in all,their trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken a duration of four days.Para.6pull back 1)往后拉(比如拉开窗帘)2)撤回；(使某人，尤指一组士兵)撤出阵地例：1.Lets pull back the curtain and have a look at the new clothes.2.Now is the time for you to pull back before it is too late.pull常考短语搭配：常考短语搭配：pul
23、l in 进站;吸引 pull out 离开，撤离；渡过难关pull on 穿；戴；继续拉 pull over 靠向路边 pull up(使)停下;拔出来 pull down 毁坏;拆毁;使下跌When they woke up the next morning and pulled back the curtain,they could see the wide stretch of Lake Huronone of the four Great Lakes on Ontarios southern border.It was not until 9:30 a.m.that they fin
24、ally reached the capital of Ontario,Toronto.All in all,their trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken a duration of four days.Para.6强调句型强调句型not.until句型的强调句：句型的强调句：结构：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分注意：此句型只用until，不用till。that后面的从句要用肯定句。例：1.It was not until I had read your letter that I understood t
25、he true reason.2.It was not until yesterday that I learned it.When they woke up the next morning and pulled back the curtain,they could see the wide stretch of Lake Huronone of the four Great Lakes on Ontarios southern border.It was not until 9:30 a.m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario
26、,Toronto.All in all,their trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken a duration of four days.Para.6all in all表示“总共；总的来说”。例：1.He has his faults,but,all in all,he is a good helper.2.All in all,things worked out for the better.3.It is about an hours walk to the station all in all.Language Points1 arise v
27、.起身；出现；由引起1).The board acknowledges problems which arise from the newness of the approach.董事会承认使用新方法产生了种种问题。2).However,several issues arise if you go down this path.但是，如果沿着这条思路走下去，会产生几个问题。【拓展】arisearosearisenarise from/out of 由引起arise:书面用词，出现；发生；起身rise:普通用词，指具体的或抽象的事物由低向高移动。raise:及物动词，意为“提起；举起；抚养；提出
28、”lift:语气比raise强，指用体力或机械的力举起或抬起某物。词义辨析词义辨析 arise,rise,raise,lift 这些动词均有这些动词均有上升，举起上升，举起之意。之意。2 breath n.呼吸的空气 breathless adj.喘不过气来的 breathe v.呼吸1).She was slightly out of breath from running.她跑过后有点上气不接下气。2).I had to step outside for a breath of fresh air.我得到外面去透口气。重点短语take a deep breath 深呼吸out of bre
29、ath 喘不过气来，上气不接下气shortness of breath 气促；呼吸浅短take my breath away 使大吃一惊；让我无法呼吸short of breath 呼吸短促catch my breath 喘气；随着我的呼吸save your breath 别唠叨了；省口气吧；别白费口舌了breath of air 微风in one breath 一口气；同时（等于in the same breath）3 bound adj.准备前往某地；一定会1.There are bound to be teething problems with something so new.如此新
30、鲜的事物刚开始必然会有些问题。2.The ethnic populations are so intermingled that theres bound to be conflict.各民族人口如此杂居，肯定会发生冲突。【拓展】be bound by 受约束；由联系起来bound with 与合订；与有共同的境界；（因喜悦等而）雀跃bound up with 与关系密切bound up in 专心，沉迷于，忙于within bounds adv.在允许范围内【拓展】freezefroze frozen freeze in 用冰冻上；冰封 freeze up 冻结；怯场freeze to de
31、ath vt.冻死 wage freeze 工资冻结4 freeze v.结冰；使冻住1).If the temperature drops below 0C,water freezes.如果温度降到摄氏零度以下，水就会结冰。2).You can freeze the soup at this stage.你此时可以把汤冷藏。1).Contrary to popular belief,moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite.与大部分人的想法相反，适度的运动实际上会降低食欲。2).He continued to maintain th
32、at he did nothing wrong,despite clear evidence to the contrary.他仍坚持认为自己没有做错，尽管有确凿的证据证明他做错了。5 contrary adj.相反的；相对立的 n.相反的事物【拓展】辨析辨析 opposite,contrary,adverse,reverse,converseopposite:指位置、方向、行动或想法等完全相反。contrary:一般指与某种主张、看法或行为等正好相反，否定一方并不意味 着肯定另一方的意味。adverse:通常指违害利益的、无生命的势力或条件等，侧重分歧。reverse:指朝相反方向的或反面(
33、背面)的。converse:指在方向、行动或意见上相反的。6 proceed v.行进；继续做1.We now proceed to the next item on the agenda.我们现在着手讨论下一项议题.2.Were not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.我们不确定是否还要继续减价促销。词汇辨析词汇辨析advance:主要用于具体的人或物，也可指科学技术和运动等。progress:指按某一既定目标前进，目的性很明确，强调经常和稳定地前进。proceed:侧重指继续前进。move on:侧重从某一停止点向某地
34、前进，但不表示前进的目的地。7 astonish v.使吃惊；使惊讶 astonished adj.人感到吃惊的 astonishing adj.令人吃惊的1.A matter of repeated occurrence like this will not astonish people.这样司空见惯的事,不会使人吃惊.2.My news will astonish you.我的消息会让你感到十分惊讶的。词汇辨析词汇辨析surprise:普通用词，多指因未预料或意外的事而引起的惊奇之感。amaze:语气较强，指因认为不可能或极少可能发生情况的出现而感到惊讶或迷惑不解。astonish:语气
35、较强，指出乎预料，意外发生，但又无法解释而感到惊奇。astound:语气强，指由于事情令人难以置信或实在罕见而使人感到震惊。startle:指因突然的惊吓或意料不到的刺激等而使人惊跳或震惊。1)The fugitive is believed to be headed for the Canadian border.据信，逃亡者正向加拿大边界方向逃窜。2)Soldiers had temporarily closed the border between the two countries.士兵们已暂时封闭了两国的边界。8 border n.国界；边界词义辨析border:多指国与国之间或两地
36、区的分界处，即分界线附近的边缘部分。bounds:常与boundary换用，指土地边界，但意思不如boundary明确，主要用于抽象事物和文学作品中。boundary:侧重地图上正式标定的、双方遵守的边界，也可指较小行政单位间的界线。frontier:指两国接壤的前沿地区，属于各国的国境和边疆，多指设防的边界。limit:常用作复数。指任何界限、范围、分界线外面的部分，可指有形或无形的东西。1)I owe a big debt of gratitude to her.我对她万分感激。2)The company owes money to more than 60 banks.这家公司欠下60多家银行的债。9 owe v.欠【拓展】owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；把归功于own adj.自己的 v.拥有Bye-bye!
