1、高中英语阅读理解练习题及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to
2、reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon. The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces ve
3、ry quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, he adds. Mr. Stapleton says safety was the companys main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors ( 交叠式旋翼 )to power the vehicle. The company is testing a full-siz
4、e prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams. In New Zealand, the Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters hi
5、gh and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour. Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack “is built around safety from the start. In his words, reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formu
6、la One racing car.” The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot,” he adds. Mr.
7、 Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike . A.can hardly get in and out of small spaces quicklyB.can fly for over 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters highC.has been used by the police and emergency rescue teamsD.can be transported quickly afte
8、r being folded and packed（2）The writer uses the example of For One racing car to show that . A.the Jetpack is very safe and reliableB.the engine of the Jetpack is powerfulC.the actual structure of the Jetpack is uniqueD.the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height（3）The underlined word “it” in the
9、 last paragraph refers to. A.the jet streamB.the engineC.the JetpackD.the parachute（4）What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage? A.To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles.B.To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles.C.To show the differences between two flying
10、 vehicles.D.To advertise the two personal flying vehicles.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文为说明文，主要讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实。然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题。文中介绍了两家飞器公司都关注安全性问题。（1）细节理解题。第五段最后一句可知，the Jetpack.可飞行30分钟，高达1000米，而不是Hoverbike，故B错误， 根据第四段可知C项说有将可能首先应用于由警察和应急救援队，而不是已用于，故C错误。根据第二段最后the Hoverbike is able to get in an
11、d out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, 可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。分析选项可知，A说不能快速进入小空间，故错误。D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输。即D正确。故选D。（2）推理判断题。第六段Peter Coker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的。安全可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了了安全性，非常类似于Formu
12、la One赛车。分析选可知A项（Jetpack安全可靠）符合题意，故答案选A。（3）猜测词义题。根据最后一段Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude ., Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它”。由此可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it指的是parachute (降落伞) 故答案选D。
13、（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙述了这种飞行器的问题最重要的是安全问题。分析选项，可知A项描述发明飞行器的问题，符合题意，故答案选A。【点评】阅读理解细节题解题技巧：1）语义转换题-跳读查找法：根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。2）生活应用题-常识理解法：在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行判断。3）细节排序题-首尾定位法：根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。4）寻找信息题-题干定位法：寻找信息
14、题一般为功能阅读题，主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等。2阅读理解 Oil is essential for modern life. About 64 percent of the worlds oil is located in the Middle East, but the heaviest consumers of oil are Europe, America, and Japan. The problem lies in getting the oil from the countries that produce it to the countries that co
15、nsume it. This is mainly done using oil tankers. Usually the oil is shipped safely and with no problems, but occasionally there is a disaster. Every year millions of tons of oil are spilled into the ocean. Although this is only a small percentage of the total amount shipped around the world each yea
16、r, this spilled oil can have terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the oil washes up onto shore. One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989, when the Exxon Valdez tanker ran aground off the coast of Alaska, spilling 42 million liters
17、of oil. Although it wasnt the largest oil spill, the disaster was terrible because it occurred in such a sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tankers captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to take a rest. He gave control of the ship to another sailor, who was unfam
18、iliar with the route. The ship ran onto Bligh Reef. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Many birds and otters died as a result of the oil covering their skin, and many other sea creatures and the animals
19、 that fed on them were also severely affected.（1）Which country is NOT among the largest consumers of oil? A.JapanB.IraqC.AmericaD.Germany（2）What does the underlined “them” refer to? A.The birds.B.The otters.C.The sea creatures.D.The birds and the otters.（3）Which of the following statement is true? A
20、.The oil leak of Alaska is because the captain was unfamiliar with the route.B.Many birds and otters died from eating the spilled oil.C.Alaska spill was the most serious spill of all time.D.Although some oil leak is not serious, it will affect ocean life.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一次严重的油船漏
21、油事件。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，最大的耗油国为欧洲的国家，美国和日本。Iraq“伊拉克”不属于其中之一，故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段可知，很多以海洋生物为食的动物也都因为油船漏油而受到了影响。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，A选项的漏油事件是由于船长劳累和喝酒去休息了，另一个水手不熟悉路线而造成的。B选项不是死于吃油，而是死于羽毛被油粘住了。C选项Alaska漏油事件并非史上最严重的。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 They hav
22、e beaten us at chess, and now computers are taking a step into a very human territory: the reading comprehension test, which schoolchildren everywhere are suffering. Alibaba said its artificial research outperformed mere mortals (凡人) in a global reading test that seeks answers to such pressing quest
23、ions as what was Nikola Teslas ethnicity? and how big is the Amazon rainforest? Luo Si referred to the machines victory as a milestone. He said the technology has many uses, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical enquires-some of which are already being handled by chatbots (聊天机器人) glob
24、ally. In the test, companies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to queries from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed reading comprehension. The computers answers were compared against average human responses and ranked. Tying in top place were Microsoft, the US softwa
25、re giant, and Alibaba, the Chinese tech group that began with ecommerce and-like its peers at home and abroad-is ploughing more funds into AI, much of it via its research arm. While Microsoft and Alibaba won by the slimmest of margins-at accuracy levels a few basis points above humans 82.3 per cent
26、in providing exact matches to questions-the tie provided a fitting symbol of the AI arms race between the US and China. China aims to use its vast troves (宝库)of data, collected from its 1.4 billion population including 730 million who are online, and deep pockets to overtake the US in creating a $15
27、0 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution. AI is already being harnessed in everything from driverless cars to customising newsfeeds. While Chinas drive is being spearheaded by government, it is cultivating homegrown tech giants including Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent to leap ah
28、ead of the US. Baidu made an early bet on AI, and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving. Tencent, which boasts just shy of 1 billion monthly active users on its social media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adopted AI in operations such as customizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields.
29、（1）What does Luo Si think of Als performance in reading comprehension? A.He feels frightened at it.B.He has some doubts about it.C.He thinks highly of it.D.He considers it worth a try.（2）How did the reading test carry on for Al? A.By allowing them to interact with humans.B.By asking them to answer q
30、uestions.C.By giving them questions to analyze.D.By making them compete with chatbots.（3）What does China depend on to lead in Al? A.The new industrial revolution.B.The huge market of $150 billion industry investment.C.Massive data from its 1.4 billion population and huge amounts of treasure.D.The co
31、operation between Chinese government and Microsoft.（4）In which field does Baidu do better than its rivals? A.The medical enquires.B.The customer service.C.Customer news feeds.D.The driverless cars.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能的发展。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第三段“Luo Si referred to the machines vict
32、ory as a milestone. He said the technology has many uses, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical enquires-some of which are already being handled by chatbots (聊天机器人) globally.”可知司罗把机器取得的这个胜利称为一个里程碑，称该技术有很多用途，从客户服务、博物馆讲解，到医疗查询，其中一些在全球范围已经由聊天机器人处理。他对人工智能评价很高，所以选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段“In the
33、test, companies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to queries from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed reading comprehension. The computers answers were compared against average human responses and ranked.”可知通过问问题，回答问题来检测人工智能，所以选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“China aims to use
34、 its vast troves （宝库）of data, collected from its 1.4 billion population including 730 million who are online, and deep pockets to overtake the US in creating a $150 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution.”可知中国力求利用来自其14亿人口（其中有7.3亿上网）的海量数据和雄厚财力，在创建被视为下一场工业革命的1500亿美元产业方面超越美国。故选
35、C。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Baidu made an early bet on AI, and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving.”可知百度在无人驾驶汽车的技术方面领先其他竞争对手，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 In June 2014, two leading media in America reported that three-year-old Victoria Wilcher, w
36、ho suffered facial scarring, was kicked out of a KFC because she was a frightening customer. Later, KFC announced that no evidence had been found to support the story. This phenomenon is largely a product of the increasing pressure in newsrooms that care more about traffic figures. Brooke Binkowski,
37、 an editor, says that she has seen a shift towards less responsibility in newsrooms. Clickbait is king, so newsrooms will uncritically print something unreal. Not all newsrooms are like this, but a lot of them are. Asked what the driving factor was, a journalist said, Youve a strict editor and youve
38、 to meet your targets. And some young journalists are inexperienced and will not do those checks. So much news reported online happens online. There is no need to get out and knock on someones door. You just sit at your desk and do it. Another journalist says, More clicks equal more money. At my for
39、mer employer in particular, the pressure was due to the limited resources. That made the environment quite horrible to work in. In a Feb. 2015 report for Digital Journalism, Craig Silverman wrote, Today the bar for what is worth giving attention to seems to be much lower. Within minutes or hours, a
40、badly sourced report can be changed into a story that is repeated by dozens of news websites, resulting in tens of thousands of shares. The rumor becomes true for readers simply by virtue of its ubiquity. And, despite the direction that some newsrooms seem to be heading in, a critical eye is becomin
41、g more, not less important, according to the New York Times public editor, Margaret Sullivan. Reporters and editors have to be more careful than ever before. Its extremely important to question and to prove before publication. Yet those working in newsrooms talk of doubtful stories being tolerated.
42、In the words of some senior editors, a click is a click, regardless of the advantage of a story. And, if the story does turn out to be false, its simply a chance for another bite at the cherry.（1）According to Brooke Binkowski, newsrooms produce false news because _. A.clicks count a lotB.resources a
43、re limitedC.budgets are tightD.journalists lack experience（2）What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A.Lies cant sell without something related to the truth.B.Rumors are like a flame blown by the wind.C.Most people are easy to cheat by the false news online.D.A lie will end u
44、p as truth, if repeated often enough.（3）Whats Margaret Sullivans attitude towards false news online? A.Negative.B.Supportive.C.Skeptical.D.Neutral.（4）What is the best title of the passage? A.Spread of false stories.B.Causes of online false news.C.Duties of journalists.D.Relative laws needed to regul
45、ate the online news.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者根据一段虚假新闻的实例分析了造成这种现象的原因及人们对此的态度。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Clickbait is king, so newsrooms will uncritically print something unreal. Not all newsrooms are like this, but a lot of them are.”可知Brooke Binkowski认为文章的标题和点击率是虚假新闻产生的重要原因，故选A。 （2）考查句义猜测。根
46、据第五段中的“The rumor becomes true for readers simply by virtue of its ubiquity.”谣言由于它的普遍传播就会变成真的，即说的人多了谣言就变成真的了。与D项A lie will end up as truth, if repeated often enough.同义，故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Reporters and editors have to be more careful than ever before. Its extremely important to question and to prove before publication.”可知Margaret Sullivan认为编辑一定要更细心，在发表之前要认真审核证实。由此可见他对网络虚假新闻是反对的，故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。作者根据一段虚假新闻的实例分析了造成这种现象的原因及人们对此的态度。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 Sometimes, you just cant help it. Maybe youre watching a sad movie,
