1、英语动词时态的用法及练习一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能:1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:天空是蓝色的。_ 你是一位学生._2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:我每天六点起床._我们每天读英语._3.表示客观现实。如:地球绕着太阳转。_ 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如: 我是一个男孩。_ 这是我的书包。_ 2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:我们学习英语._ 我每天步行上学。_当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加-s或-es。 如:玛丽喜欢汉语 _ 她说英语。_一般现在时的变化: 1. be动词
2、的变化。 否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:他不是工人。_ 我们不是工人。_ 一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如:-Are you a student? - Is Li Ping a teacher? _ _特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:我的自行车在哪里?Where is my bike ?这是什么?_ 你多大 _2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:我不喜欢面包。_ 他们不踢足球。_当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt构成否定句。如:他不喜欢汉语。_ 她不踢足球。_一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+
3、其它。如:你常常踢足球吗?_ - Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:她骑自行车上班吗?_ - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:你父亲是怎样上班的?_? 他坐公共汽车上班。_动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-
4、es,如:study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink_go_stay_make_look_have_pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2.Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3.We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5
5、. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) th
6、e same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. I do my homework eve
7、ry day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_ 2. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_3. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_4. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_5. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_6. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_四、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2.
8、 Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He like playing games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _二、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为:主语 + be(am ,is,are) + 动词ing + 玲玲正在搬一只箱子。_. 那些男孩正在骑自行车。_3现在进行时的否定句为:主语 + be(am ,is,are)
9、not + 动词ing + 那些女孩不是在买热狗。_.她不是正在写信。_4现在进行时的一般疑问句为:Be(Am ,Is, Are) +主语+ 动词ing + ?李磊正在做作业吗?_? Yes,_ No, _.5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词 + be(am isare) +主语 + 动词ing + ?他正在那边干什么?_?他在找他的书。_但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词 + be + 动词ing + ?谁在房里唱歌?_? 是我姐姐。_动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking work-working2以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:mak
10、e-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如: run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_ski_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_begin_shop_ buy_ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _二.填空:(用现在进行时态完成)1. She _ _ (walk) now. 2. They _ _ (sitt) on the
11、chair. 3. Cindy _ _ (watch) TV. 4. Joe _ _ (water) in the garden. 5. Look, Nick _ _ (come). 6. Listen, she _ _ ( sing). 7. Look, the girl _ _ (run). 8.My mother and my father _ _ (dance). 三.根据汉语意思填空:1.你要去哪儿啊? Where are you _? 2.Nick 正在爬攀登架. Nick _ (climb) the jungle gym.3.他们正在读书. They _ books now. 4
12、. 爷爷正在吸烟. Grandpa _(smoke).5.我在做作业. I _ (do) my homework. 6.我妈妈正在做饭.My mother _(cook).7.Jerry在喝柠檬果汁. Jerry _ lemon juice. 8.他正在写信. He _ a letter.四.填入be动词的适当形式1.He _ drinking water. 2.The eagle _ flying in the sky. 3.Children _ playing in the playground. 4.They _ working now. 5.I _ going to the super
13、market. 五、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now. 10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .六、句型转换:1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般
14、疑问句和否定句) _2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _3Im playing football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _4Tom is reading books in his room. (对划线部分进行提问) _七用动词的适当形式填空(现在进行时与一般现在时对比练习)1. She _ (go) to school at eight oclock. 2. Its six oclock. They are _ supper. (eat)3. He usually
15、_ up at 6:00.(get ) 4. She _ (live) in Beijing.5. They are _ (dig) a hole (洞). 6. My father _ (mend) his model(模型) plane these days.九.造句:1).she,the window,open,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_2).is,who,the window,cleaning?(连词成句)_3).She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)_4.)You are doing your homework.(用I作主语改写句子)_5).
16、they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_6).The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑问句)_十、用括号中动词的适当形式填空: 1. My parents _(watch)TV now. 2. What _ your mother _(do)now? 3. _ you _(listen)to music? Yes, I am. 4. Look, Miss Chen _ football.(play) 5. Tom and his sister _(wait)for you over th
17、ere. 6. Now Class 3 and Class 4_(have)a test. 三、一般将来时理论及练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。 二、基本结构: 主语 + be ( is , am , are) going to + do(动词原形) ;李平明天打算去购物。_ 我打算今晚看电视。_他们这个周末要去公园。_ 主语 + will + do(动词原形) 学生们将用计算机来学习。_我
18、们将会去拜访他。_三、否定句: 主语 + be (is , am , are) not going to + do(动词原形) .李平明天不打算去购物。_我不打算今晚看电视。_他们这个周末不去公园。_主语 + will not + do(动词原形) .(will not = wont)学生们将不用计算机来学习。_我们将不会去拜访他。_四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,Be (Is , Am , Are)主语 + going to + do(动词原形) ?李平明天打算去购物吗?_? Yes , _你打算今晚看电视吗? _? No, _他们这个周末要去公园吗? _? No, _ Will
19、+ 主语 + do(动词原形) ?学生们将用计算机来学习吗?_? Yes, _你们将去拜访他吗?_? Yes,_五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如:Im going to New York soon. _?2. 问干什么。What do.例如: My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. _?3. 问什么时候。When.例如:Shes going to go to bed at nine. _?练习: 一、填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a
20、 picnic with my friends tomorrow. =I _ have a picnic with my friends tomorrow.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.=What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fru
21、it.二、改句子。1. Nancy is going to go camping(野营).(改否定) Nancy _ going to go camping.2. Ill go shoppingthis afternoon.(改否定)I _ go shoppingthis afternoon . 3. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句) _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)_ _ meet at the bus s
22、top at 10:30.5. She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问) _ _ she _ _ _ after school?6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.2. What do you usually
23、 do at weekends? I usually _(watch) TV and _(catch) insects(昆虫)? 3. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.4. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.5. My mother and I _(clean) our garden tomorrow.6.Where _ your parents _ (have) lunch tomorrow?7 .She _(go fishing ) tomorrow. 四、一般过去时1.一般
24、过去时态:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。经常与yesterday(昨天),lastweek(上周),lastmonth(上个月),lastyear(去年),twomonthsago(两个月前),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),in1990(在1990年),inthosedays(在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语连用。如:_(我出生在1990年)。_(你是什么时候去的公园?)_.(我是上周去的公园)在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态;第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am 和is在一般过
25、去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt) are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子. 否定句:didnt +动词原形,如:吉姆昨天没有回家。_.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如.吉姆昨天回家了吗?_?特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形? 如:吉姆昨天干什么了? _?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?昨天谁回家了?_?动词过去式变化规则:
26、1一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied5不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-
27、sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 一、写出下列动词的过去式 is,am_ fly_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _二、 句型转换1. It was exciting.
28、否定句:_一般疑问句:_ 肯、否定回答:_2. All the students were very excited. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_ 肯、否定回答:_3. They were in his pocket. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_ 肯、否定回答:_三、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.4. They _ glad to see each other last month. 5. The little dog _
29、two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.四、句型转换1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句:_ 一般疑问句:_ 肯、否定回答:_五、
30、 中译英1昨天我做了作业。 _2他上个礼拜去了公园。_3 他们刚才在操场上玩。 _六、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last night. 4. Nancy _(pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday. 6.They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE less