1、名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用所有格形式。名词所有格也称为属格、主格,它主要包括s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式。A.s 所有格的用法1.表示有生命的东西的名词末尾加s。例如:Jims bed, the mans wife, childrens toys,the foxs tail2.以-es或-s结尾的名词末尾加s。例如:the students books, Teachers Day, my bossoffice, a girls dormitory3.有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词,也可以加s构
2、成所有格。例如:todays newspaper,five minutes walk, a tons weight, a dollars worth of stamps,the moons rays4.表示两者共同拥有的人或物(共有时,只需要后一个名词加s(或即可。如果表示两者各自的所属关系(各自所有,则每个名词词尾都加上s(或。例如:Joan and Janes room(房间属二人共同所有Joans and Janes room(指Joan和Jane各自的房间an hour and a halfs walk (步行一个半小时的路程5.s所有格所修饰的词的省略现象(1表示诊所、店铺或某人的家
3、等地点名词,其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如:I met her at the doctors(office.我在诊所遇见了她。He has gone to the tailors(shop.他到服装店去了。She went to Mr.Blacks(houseyesterday.她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。(2名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省略,以免重复。例如:Whose pen is this?Its Toms.这是谁的钢笔?是汤姆的。The bike is not mine,but Wang Pinpins.这辆自行车不是我的,是王品品的。B.of 所有格的用法-
4、 of所有格由of加名词构成,其用法归纳如下:1.of所有格一般用于无生命的东西的名词中。例如:a map of the world, the story of a hero,the windows of the room, the title of the film2.用于名词化的词。例如:the sticks of the blind 盲人的拐杖3.修饰词较多时也可用of所有格。例如:the very long and graceful tail of the black cat 黑猫的又长又美的尾巴4.表示有生命的东西的名词,有时也可以用of所有格。例如:the children of
5、the family 那家的孩子们5.某些of所有格和s所有格可以互换。the son of a poor peasant=a poor peasants son 一个贫农的儿子6.某些of所有格和s所有格互换,有时含义却不相同,请比较下面的例子:an old womans story(一个老妇人讲自己的身世the story of an old woman(别人讲一个老妇人的身世7. 起修饰作用的名词,如不表示所有关系,通常不用s。例room number,tooth brushC.双重所有格及其用法s所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起,构成of+所有格形式,即双重的所有格。它通常表
6、示部分观念,即全体中的一部分,在意义上与one of.相似,它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。此外,双重所有格与指示代词连用时,常带有感情色彩,如赞赏、不满、厌恶等。它的主要形式如下:1.名词+of+名词性物主代词。例如:a good friend of mine 我的一个好朋友an interesting story of his 他的有趣的经历2.名词+of+s所有格。例如:He is a friend of my sisters.(=one of my sisters friends他是我姐姐的一个朋友Look at that long nose of Jacks.看杰克的那个长鼻子。(
7、感情色彩试比较:a picture of Xiao Zhang 小张(本人的照片a picture of Xiao Zhangs 小张(具有的照片中的一张照片3.不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词(some,any,many,no,few等以及which等限定词,一般不与形容词性物主代词或s所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词,而采用of所有格或双重所有格形式。例如:most of the students 学生中的大多数three of them 他们中的三个人I have read some books of his.我读过他的一些书Which book of Qiong Y aos have you
8、 read?你读过琼瑶的哪一本书?D.s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三者之间的细微区别请仔细比较下面三句话:1.She is Marys brothers friend.2.She is a friend of Marys brother.3.She is a friend of Marys brothers.1句用的是s所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,突出friend一词。2句用的是of所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,强调突出了Marys brother。3句用的是双重所有格,侧重说明Mary哥哥的朋友不止是一个,她只是其中的一个。用所给词的适当形式填空:1.M
9、arch 8th is _Day. (woman.2.Taking twenty _(分钟 exercise every day is good for your health.3.The shop sells _(妇女 handbags.4.Teachers in western countries have a _(三个月的 holiday in a year.5.Ill give my English teacher a card for _Day. (teacher6.Its only ten _walk from the station to the hotel. (minute7.
10、Its an _(hour ride from here to the museum.选择填空:1.-Hows Joys skirt?-Her skirt is more beautiful than _.A.her sisters and KateB.her sister and KateC.her sister and KatesD.her sisters and Kates2.This is _ room. The twin sisters like it very much.A.Lucys and LilysB.Lucys and LilyC.Lucy and Lilys3.In _
11、time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.A.few yearsB.a few yearsC.a few yearD.a few years4.We will have a _holiday after the exam.A. two monthB. twomonthC. two monthsD. twomonths5.Did you hear the _report?A. policemenB. policemensC. policemensD. policemens6.Its about _walk from my home
12、.A. ten minuteB. ten minutesC. ten minutesD. ten minutes7.This is my dress. That one is _.A. MaryB. M arysC. sisterD. mother8.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walkB. 20 minutes walkC. 20-minutes walkD. 20-minute walk9.Where is _ sweater ? I cant see it.A. LucyB. LucysC.
13、Lucys10._ mothers made them have piano lessons.A. Peter and AnneB. Peters and AnnesC. Peters and AnneD. Peter and Annes11.The room on the right is _.A. herB. sheC. LucysD. Lucy12.Well have a _ holiday. What about going to the West Lake?A. two daysB. two-dayC. two-daysD. two-days(两天的假期:two days holid
14、ay/two-day holiday13.The market isnt far from here. Its only _ bicycle ride.A. half an hoursB. half an hoursC. half an hourD. an hour and a half14.Wheres your father ? At _.A. Mr GreensB. Mr. GreenC. the Mr. Greens15.The twin brothers always put small presents in _stockings on Christmas Day.A. each
15、othersB. each otherC. each othersD. each others16.My father will have a _ holiday next month. Hell take me to Qingdao.A. ten daysB. ten daysC. ten-daysD. ten days17.Where have you been these days?I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend _.A. in ChineseB. of JapanC. of AmericansD. from Canada18.When we
16、 saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between _.A. Ted and BenB. Teds and BenC. Ted and BensD. Teds and Bens19.It is said that SARS has killed more than _ people worldwide.A. three hundredsB. three hundredsC. three hundredsD. three hundred20.Kate won the _ race in
17、 the summer sports meeting.A. 100-metreB. 100-metresC. 100 metreD. 100 metres (同12题21.Whose bike is it ? Its _.A. JohnB. JohnsC. JohnsD. Johns22.Ill give you _to finish the work. OK.A. two weeks timeB. two weeks timeC. two week timeD. two weeks time23._ desk is the cleanest in the classroom.A. Anns
18、and TomB. Ann and TomsC. Ann and TomD. Anns and Toms24.My pen is black. _ is blue.A. KatesB. KateC. Kates25.Is this your room? No, its _room.A. the childrenB. the childrensC. of the childrenD. the childrens26.Who is the man in the blue car? He is _ father.A. Kates and MarysB. Kate and MarysC. Kate and MaryD. of Kate and MaryAnswers:1-5 DCBBB 6-10 BBDCB 11-15 CBBAA 16-20BDDDA 21-26 BBBCBB1.Womens2. minutes3. womens4. three months5. Teachers6.minutes7. hours
