1、人教课标人教课标版版 高二选修高二选修6Unit 4Grammar：“It is/was.that.”强调句型强调句型2016年3月2日 口诀：口诀：代词代词 it 本意它本意它,既可指这又指那既可指这又指那;时间天气均可指时间天气均可指,谈到距离也用它谈到距离也用它;假主假宾均可做假主假宾均可做,强调句型跟强调句型跟that。I.代词代词 it a.用作人称代词用作人称代词,代替前文提到的事物。代替前文提到的事物。My watch is missing.I cant find(it)anywhere.Her father has gone abroad.Have you heard abou
2、t(it)?b.代替指示代词代替指示代词this,that。Whats this?(Its)a computer.Whose pen is that?Its mine.c.表示时间、天气、距离、季节等。表示时间、天气、距离、季节等。Its time for lunch.Its getting warmer and warmerIts forty years since my hometown was liberated.Its summer now.How far is it from here to the police station.II.引导词：引导词：a.作形式主语作形式主语,代替由
3、不定式代替由不定式,动名词或动名词或从句表示的真正主语。其基本句型为：从句表示的真正主语。其基本句型为：It(形式主语形式主语)+adj.+to+v.It(形式主语形式主语)+adj.+that(subject(主主语语)+v.)It is very important to help each other It is no use/useless going there again Its not decided yet when they will leave for Shanghai b.作形式宾语作形式宾语主语谓语主语谓语it(形式宾语形式宾语)宾语补宾语补足语足语to do sth.
4、(doing sth.或或that从句从句).Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.She thought it no use to write to him again.They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.c.用在强调句型中用在强调句型中,为了强调句子的某为了强调句子的某一成分一成分(通常是主语、宾语或状语通常是主语、宾语或状语),常用结构常用结构:It is/was 被强调部分被强调
5、部分that(who).一、强调句型的一般形式一、强调句型的一般形式 在英语中，我们常用在英语中，我们常用“It is/was.who/that.”句型来强句型来强 调句子的某一成分调句子的某一成分(一般是句子的主语、宾语或状语，一般是句子的主语、宾语或状语，但不能是句子的谓语但不能是句子的谓语)。在这个句型中，。在这个句型中，it没有词汇意义，没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的 词，用词，用who或或that来连接都可以。如果是其他成分，则来连接都可以。如果是其他成分，则 一律用一律用that来连接。来连接。It w
6、as I who(that)met Tom in the street yesterday.It was Tom that I met in the street yesterday.It was in the street that I met Tom yesterday.It was yesterday that I met Tom in the street.主语主语宾语宾语时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语 I met Tom in the street yesterday 典型例题分析：典型例题分析：1)It was last night _ I saw the film Star W
7、ars Awho Bwhen Cthat Dwhichc 答案答案C 强调句的结构是：强调句的结构是：It+be+强调部分强调部分+that(who)+主谓句。强主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，调句的连词只有两个，that和和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用语时，才用who，其余用，其余用that。2)It is ten years _ Miss Green returned to Canada Athat Bwhen Csince Das 答案答案 C考点是连词用法。本题易考点是连词用法。本题易误选为误选为A 其实本句不是强调句。其实本句不是强调句
8、。c 若是去掉若是去掉It bethat还应是一个完整还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉的句子。而本句去掉It isthat,只剩下只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to Canada 不成句。因此本不成句。因此本句不是强调句。句不是强调句。It is+时间时间+since.，其中，其中 is=has been.二、强调句型的疑问式二、强调句型的疑问式 1一般疑问式：一般疑问式：Is/Wasit被强调部分被强调部分that/who 其他成分？其他成分？Was it during the Second World War that he died?他是二战期间死亡的
9、吗？他是二战期间死亡的吗？Was it last year that you got the degree?你是在去年获得学位的吗？你是在去年获得学位的吗？2特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat其他成分？其他成分？Where was it that you met Tom yesterday?昨天你是在哪儿遇见汤姆的？昨天你是在哪儿遇见汤姆的？Why is it that you want to change your idea?你为什么想改变你的主意呢？你为什么想改变你的主意呢？Was it on a lonely island_he was saved on
10、e month after the boat went down?AwhereBthatCwhich Dwhat解析：解析：选选 。考查强调句型。强调句的结构是：。考查强调句型。强调句的结构是：“It is/was被强调的部分被强调的部分that/who句子的其他部句子的其他部分分”，表示，表示“正是正是”或或“就是就是”。强调句型的。强调句型的一般疑问句结构：一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it.that/who.?B典型例题分析典型例题分析B 三、三、not.until型强调句式型强调句式 1句型为：句型为：It is/was not until被强调部分被强调部分that其他部分其他部分
11、普通句：普通句：He didnt go to bed until/till his wife came back.直到妻子回来他才睡觉。直到妻子回来他才睡觉。强调句：强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.直到妻子回来他才睡觉。直到妻子回来他才睡觉。2注意强调句型中只能用注意强调句型中只能用until，不能用，不能用till。但如果不是。但如果不是强调强调 句型，句型，till，until可通用。且强调句型可通用。且强调句型It is/was not until.已经是否定句了，所以已经是否定句了，所以that后面
12、的句子的谓语要用肯定形式后面的句子的谓语要用肯定形式。I hadnt realized she wasnt English until/till she spoke.It was not until she spoke that I had realized she wasnt English.直到她开口说话我才知道她不是英国人。直到她开口说话我才知道她不是英国人。It was_he came back from Africa that year_he met the girl he would like to marry.Awhen;then Bnot;untilCnot until;tha
13、t Donly;when解析：解析：选选 。考查强调句型。句意：他直到那年。考查强调句型。句意：他直到那年从非洲回来之后才遇到了他想与之结婚的女孩。此从非洲回来之后才遇到了他想与之结婚的女孩。此句是句是“not until.”的强调句型。的强调句型。C典型例题分析：典型例题分析：C 四、使用强调句型的几个注意事项四、使用强调句型的几个注意事项 1若被强调成分是主语，若被强调成分是主语，who/that之后的谓语动之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与被强调的主语保持一致。词应该在人称和数上与被强调的主语保持一致。It is he who/that often helps me with my Eng
14、lish.是他经常帮我学英语。是他经常帮我学英语。It is trees that we plant on the hillside every year.我们每年都在山坡上种的是树。我们每年都在山坡上种的是树。2即使被强调成分是句中的时间状语、地点状语、即使被强调成分是句中的时间状语、地点状语、原因状语等，也不能用原因状语等，也不能用when,where,because等，要等，要用用that。It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed.老太太是在银行前面被抢劫的。老太太是在银行前面被抢劫的。It was because
15、of the heavy rain that he came late.由于下大雨他来晚了。由于下大雨他来晚了。3若被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格；若是若被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格；若是作宾语的代词，则用宾格。作宾语的代词，则用宾格。It was he that helped me yesterday.昨天帮我的人是他。昨天帮我的人是他。It was me that he helped yesterday.他昨天帮的人是我。他昨天帮的人是我。4强调句中只用两种时态，即一般现在时和一般过去时。强调句中只用两种时态，即一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时
16、，原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用用It was.that/who.，其余的时态用，其余的时态用It is.that/who.It is you who/that are to blame.是你该受到指责。是你该受到指责。It was chairman of the committee that we elected her.我们选她当委员会主席。我们选她当委员会主席。五、强调句型与其他相似句型的辨析五、强调句型与其他相似句型的辨析 强调句型最容易与强调句型最容易与定语从句定语从句、主语从句主语从句和和状语从句状语从句等等 混淆，区分它们的关键在于：如果把句子中的混淆，区分
17、它们的关键在于：如果把句子中的It is/was 和和that/who去掉，剩下的部分还是一个完整的句子，并去掉，剩下的部分还是一个完整的句子，并 且句子意思依然完整，则此句为强调句型；否则，应且句子意思依然完整，则此句为强调句型；否则，应 仔细分析句子，判断该句是何种从句。仔细分析句子，判断该句是何种从句。It was at the school gate that I met an old friend of mine.我是在学校大门口遇见一位老朋友的。我是在学校大门口遇见一位老朋友的。()It is always the mouth which talks too much that a
18、rouses troubles.言多必失。言多必失。()It was such a hot day that even the crops withered.天气极度炎热，连庄稼都枯萎了。天气极度炎热，连庄稼都枯萎了。()强调句强调句 定语从句定语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句 1.It was this village _ I was brought.A.where B.that C.on which D.which练习练习 2.It was in this village _ I was brought up.A.where B.that C.on which D.whichI3.-Was
19、it under the tree _ you were talking to a friend?-Sure.But when I got back there,the bike was gone.A.that B.where C.which D.whileII.每空填一词每空填一词,使该句与所给句子的意思使该句与所给句子的意思相同。相同。1.We depend on energy to do many things._ _ energy _ we depend on to do many things.2.He didnt go to school because he was ill._
20、_ because he was ill _ he didnt go to school.It isthatIt wasthat3.My father didnt return until 11 oclock last night._ _ _ _ 11 oclock _ my father returned last night.4.David bought a walkman from a store yesterday._ _ David _ bought a walkman from a store yesterday.It was not untilthatIt wasthat/who
21、5.The mountain climber was rescued with the help of the local people._ _ with the help of the local people _ the mountain climber was rescued.6.Her uncle moved out of the city and settled down in a small village for this reason._ _ for this reason _ her uncle moved out of the city and settled down i
22、n a small village.It was thatIt wasthat7.What on earth do you want me to say?_ _ _ _ you want me to say?8.I didnt receive the managers reply until nearly a month later._ _ _ _ nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply.What is it that It was not untilthat 9.Marx met Tracy in Pairs in 1845.
23、_ _ in Pairs _ Marx met Tracy in 1845.10.The football match had to be called off because it rained heavily._ _ because it rained heavily _ the football match had to be called off.thatIt wasthatIt wasIV.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。英语。1.总的来说，我很喜欢这本书。总的来说，我很喜欢这本书。(on the whole)2.昨天的平均温度是昨天的平均温度是28摄氏度。摄氏度。(average)On the whole,I like this book very much.The average temperature yesterday was 28C.Homework
