1、 英语动词有两种语态英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：示主语是动作的承受者。如：They will build a new bridge over the river.(主动主动)A new bridge will be built over the river.(被动被动)汉语中常用汉语中常用“被被”、“给给”、“由由”、“受受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：等词用来表示被动，而英语用：构成。构成。主要体现在主要体现在bebe的变化上，其形式与系动词的变化上，
2、其形式与系动词bebe的变化形式完全的变化形式完全一样：一样：一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：am/is/are+done am/is/are+done was/were+was/were+done shall/will+be shall/will+be done 1.一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is/are+done am/is/are+done ()1.Computers _ by us every day.A.are used B.are use C.are using D.use()2.Rice _ in winter in the north
3、.A.not grown B.isnt grown C.dont grow D.isnt allowAB2.一般过去时：一般过去时：was/were+was/were+done ()1.The homework _ by Tony last night.A.was finished B.finishes C.finished D.will be finished()2 Why didnt you go to Jacks birthday party yesterday?-Because _.A.I dont invite.B.I didnt invite C.I wasnt invited D
4、.Im not invited.AC3.一般将来时：一般将来时：shall/will+be shall/will+be done ()1.The ice-cream _ up by the boy in a few minutes.A.is eaten B.will be eaten C.is eating D.takes()2.A new cinema _ in our city next year.A.builds B.was built C.is built D.will be builtBD(四）四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由含有情态动词
5、的被动语态是由“情态动词情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”构成。构成。()1.The stars in the sky _ in the daytime.A.can be not seen B.cant be seen C.can arent seen D.cant see()2.Please look at the sign.Photos_ here.A.be taken B.are take C.mustnt be taken D.were tookCB一、根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空：一、根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Many trees and fl
6、owers _(plant)in our city every year.2._books_(replace)by the Internet in the future?3.The glass _(fill)with milk.So please be careful.4.The heavy box _(carry)into a big room just now.5.The old man is ill.He must_(send)to the hospital.are planted Will be replaced is filledbe sentwas carried Dave bou
7、ght a new computer.A new computer was/were bought by Dave.1.1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.2.2.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不
8、动，一般变间接宾语为一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。主语时比较多。如果把直接宾语如果把直接宾语(指物指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：A present was given to me yesterday.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 toto，如：如：bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell 等。等。(1)My bike was
9、lent _ her.(2)The book was showed _the class.2）一般一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 forfor,如：如：build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing 等。等。(1)A new skirt was made _me.(2)The meat was cooked _us.(3)Some country music was played_ us.totoforforfor()1.I saw him _ hi
10、s mother water the flowers when I walked into his house.A.to help B.helping C.helps D.help ()2.He was seen_ his mother water the flowers when I walked into his house.A.to help B.helping C.helps D.help ADsee,watch,hear,notice,listen to,look at,make,feel等动词等动词在在主动语态主动语态中，其后的动词不定式中，其后的动词不定式都不带都不带 to，但但
11、当变为当变为被动语态被动语态时，时，其后的动词不定式其后的动词不定式一定一定要带要带to。()3.I was let _ the theatre at last.A.entering B.enter C.to enter D.entered()4.The workers are made _ more than 8 hours a day.A.work B.to C.to work D.worked()5.The girl is often heard _ English every morning.A.read B.to read C.reading D.reads()6.The man _
12、 steal something in the shop.A.was seen to B.was seeing C.is seen D.is saw toACCB()1.The matter _ by them yesterday.A.talked about B.was talked C.was talked about D.talked with()2.The sick boy _by the doctor just now.A.looked over B.was looked C.is looking over D.was looked overDC4.由动词由动词+介词或副词构成的短语
13、动词，要把它介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体来看，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。们作为整体来看，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有这类动词有:talk about,ask for,laugh at,listen to,look after,look over,carry out,find out,give up,point out,work out,turn out 等等。等等。5.有些动词当它们和有些动词当它们和well,badly,easily等副词连用时，表等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，可用主动表示被动，这时不用被示主语内在品质或性能，可用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，
14、常见的有：动语态，常见的有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook 等。等。如：如：(1)The cloth washes easily.这布很好洗。这布很好洗。(2)The new product sells well.这新产品很畅销。这新产品很畅销。对比：对比：The books sell well.(主动句主动句)The books were sold out.(被动句被动句)The meat didnt cook well.(主动句主动句)The meat was cooked for a long time.(被动句被动句)6.6.在汉语中，此类句子不出现主语
15、，在英语中一般可用在汉语中，此类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：被动结构来表示，例如：据说据说It is said that 据报导据报导It is reported that 据推测据推测It is supposed that 希望希望It is hoped that 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 普遍认为普遍认为 It is generally considered that 有人建议有人建议 It is suggested that 1)It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow.
16、2)It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.与被动语态相关的句型有：与被动语态相关的句型有：1be covered with被被覆盖覆盖 2be made of由由制作（发生物理变化）制作（发生物理变化）be made from由由制作（发生化学变化）制作（发生化学变化）be made in由（某地）制造由（某地）制造 be made by被（某人）制造被（某人）制造 3be used for被用来被用来 be used as被当作（作为）被当作（作为）来使用来使用 be used to do sth被用来做
17、某事被用来做某事 4It is said that据说据说It is hoped that希望希望 It is well known that众所周知众所周知例如：例如：Your coat looks niceIs it _ cotton?YesIts _Shanghai Amade of；made by Bmade of；made in Cmade for；made by Dmade for；made in This machine is used _ the room wet Afor keeping Bas keeping Ckeep Dto keeping 第一，感官系动词一般用主动形
18、式表示被动意义，如：第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look,seem,taste,sound,remain等等.1.Do you like the scarf?Yes,it feels soft.2.The food tastes delicious.3.The pop music sounds beautiful.4.He entered the room and got his book.5.She had her hand burned.第二，谓语动词为这些动词或动词短语：第二，谓语动词为这些动词或动词短语：leave,enter,reach,suit,hav
19、e,benefit,lack,own;rise,happen,succeed,remain,lie;take place,break out,belong to,lose heart,consist of,add up to等。等。7.When we got to the top of the mountain,the sun had already risen.8.After the earthquake,few houses remained.9.I taught myself English.10.We love each other.第三、是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，第三、
20、是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动语态的主语形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动语态的主语6.The fire broke out in the capital building.()1.The skirt_ soft and smooth.A.felt B.feels C.is felt D.is feeling()2.Mum,Im hungry.Can I eat the sandwiches on the table?-Sorry,you cant.They _.A.smell nice B.smell good C.are smelt terri
21、ble D.smell terrible()3.The accident _ on last Sunday evening.A.was happened B.happens C.happened D.is happened()4.The dresses are very popular,so they _ very well.A.sell B.are sold C.selling D.were soldACDB()5.The beautiful coat _ her 500 yuan.A.was cost B.costed C.cost D.is cost()6.The new book _
22、me as my birthday present by my mother.A.was bought B.was bought to C.bought for D.was bought for()7.The photos will_ my father tomorrow.A.show B.be shown C.be shown to D.show toDCC1.Today a lot of information can _ online.A.receive B.be received C.is received D.receiving2.Driving after drinking win
23、e in China.A.allows B.doesnt allow C.is allowed D.isnt allowed3.Dont worry.Your package here until you come back,so enjoy shopping here.A.will keep B.has kept C.will be kept D.has been kept4.Many trees and flowers _ in our city every year.A.planted B.are planted C.were planted D.plants5.The boss mad
24、e him work 14 hours a day.That means he _ work 14 hours a day.A.was made B.made C.was making D.was made to7.When will the birthday party ,on Monday evening or Tuesday evening?A.hold B.be held C.held D.be holding8.Waste paper _ everywhere.Its our duty to keep the school clean.A.throws B.are thrown C.
25、shouldnt be thrown D.should be thrown9.At last the boy was made and began to laugh.A.stop crying B.to to stop to cry C.to stop crying D.stop to cry10.The mobile phone_ in 1973.(2017北京北京)A.invents B.is invented C.invented D.was invented11.This picture_ by my cousin last year.(2017重庆重庆A卷卷)A.draws B.dr
26、ew C.is drawn D.was drawn12.Lets wait and see whether books_ by the Internet in the future.(2017天津天津)A.replace B.replaced C.will be replaced D.were replaced13.Why hasnt Tony come?The invitation letter _to Toby by accident.(2017苏州苏州)A.was emailed B.has emailed C.is emailed D.emailed14.A babys first m
27、onth birthday is a special event in China and_ with a special party.(江西江西)A.is celebrated B.is celebrating C.was celebrated D.celebrates15.The old building_ down to make room for the city library a year ago.(2017黄石黄石)A.was taking B.is taken C.would take D.was taken 16.Our classroom_Dont throw rubbis
28、h here and there，please.Sorry.I wont do that again.(2017铜仁铜仁)A.was cleaning B.cleans C.was cleaned D.cleaned 1717Mr.Wang,I didnt see you this morning.Where did you go?Oh,I_ to give a speech.(2017海南海南)A.invited B.will invite C.was invited D.will be invited18.As a new kind of transport service,bicycle
29、 sharing(共共享单车享单车)_ in more Chinese cities in the following years.A.use B.are used C.will use D.will be used16二二.用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空 1.When _ the first man-made satellite _(send)up into space?2.Last year vegetables _(grow)in the garden by Tom and he _(sell)them himself.3.She _(help)him wi
30、th his homework tomorrow evening.4.How many magazines _(can borrow)in your library every week?5.John _(hear)to go upstairs two hours ago.6.Who _(save)her father?He _(save)by that policeman.was sent are grown sold will helpcan be borrowedwas heardwas savedsaved167.The doctor _(send for)because his gr
31、andpa was ill.8.Moon cakes _(make)by his mother every year._ your mother _ (make)moon cakes for you every year?9.Some toys _(buy)as presents for these children last Monday.10._ paper _(make)of wood?11.Many spaceships _(send)to explore other planets in the solar system a few years ago.were sent were
32、boughtDoes make are madewas sent forIs made16三用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。三用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Its said(据说据说)that the long bridge_ （build）in two months 2.Last year a large number of trees_ （cut）down 4.The studetens _ often _(tell)to take care of their desks and chairs.5.What _ knives _(make)of?They_(make)of metal(金属金属)and wood.6.Can the magazine _(take)out of the library?7.This kind of shoes _(sell)well.8.Vegetables,eggs and fruits_(sell)in this shop are soldsells be taken are made are toldwere cutwill be built are made
