1、高考专题复习之高考专题复习之 完完 形形 填填 空空 1考纲分析考纲分析 34 5 真题演练真题演练6课堂小结课堂小结 Contents：主要特点主要特点 2技巧点拨技巧点拨经典例解经典例解【全国卷考纲分析全国卷考纲分析】完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。语言水平。解题过程要求考生根据文章的整体内容，区分结构的层次解题过程要求考生根据文章的整体内容，区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系，对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、和内容的逻辑关系，对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语
2、篇的上下文线索以及文化借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识背景知识等进行解题。阅读过程中多注意体会等进行解题。阅读过程中多注意体会作者的写作意作者的写作意图图，加强分析推理能力。，加强分析推理能力。1.1.全国卷完形填空词数通常为全国卷完形填空词数通常为 左右，选材以左右，选材以 为主，为主，夹叙夹议，设空夹叙夹议，设空 个，个，首句不设题首句不设题；2.2.为主，语法极少为主，语法极少。考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，。考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出 的理解，突出文化的理解，突出文化背景，设题以情景意义选择为主背景，设题以情景
3、意义选择为主 。3.3.干扰性强，重细微辨析干扰性强，重细微辨析。选项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项。选项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误。存在错误。【完形填空主要特点完形填空主要特点】250记叙文记叙文20语境语境语篇语篇年 份体 裁题 材15 记叙文（夹记叙文（夹叙夹议）叙夹议）叙述亲身体验残疾人的经历从中叙述亲身体验残疾人的经历从中有所感悟。有所感悟。16 议论文议论文通过一系列实例来论证当有些活通过一系列实例来论证当有些活动成为常规的时候往往会使人们动成为常规的时候往往会使
4、人们产生厌倦而中途放弃。产生厌倦而中途放弃。17 记叙文（夹叙记叙文（夹叙夹议）夹议）奉献爱心，助人为乐。（赠人玫瑰，手留余香）【近三年全国卷体裁题材特点近三年全国卷体裁题材特点】【考点方向考点方向】年份名词动词形容词副词连词短语其他157题6题4题1题1题1题169题4题4题3题176题6题3题3题1题1题词汇题词汇题考什么？考什么？篇章结构篇章结构(语境语境)句际关系句际关系I climbed the stairs slowly,carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to th
5、e third floor,I was tired and at the same time feeling lonely.Worse still,Dad missed a step and fell,sending my new suitcases rolling down the stairs.“Damn!”he screamed,his face turning red.I knew trouble was ahead.Whenever Dads face turns red,look out!lazyanxioustired_tookmissedpickedrollingpassing
6、turning_give uphold onlook out 能力测试要求能力测试要求“语篇语篇”、“语境语境”、“语义语义”技巧点拨技巧点拨1.注意注意上下文语境上下文语境（context)词汇复现、逻辑关系词汇复现、逻辑关系2.掌握掌握习惯搭配习惯搭配（phrases&idioms）3.运用运用词义辨析词义辨析（comparison）4.了解了解常识背景常识背景（common sense）5.运用运用语法分析语法分析（grammar analysis)1.复现复现词汇题词汇题 1.(17全国卷全国卷I)Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a _
7、47_.I thought about it.We were _48(low)_ on cash ourselves,but When I handed him the gift card,saying he could use it for _54(whatever)_ his family might need,he burst into tears.47.A.dollarB.jobC.hot mealD.gift cardthe gift card语境语境-原词重现原词重现2.(16全国卷全国卷I)As a general rule,all forms of activity lead
8、to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis.As a matter of fact,we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42(ages).41.A.principle B.habit C.way D.power 语境语境-同义词、近义词复现同义词、近义词复现3.（16全国全国I)For example,on Christmas morning,children are excited about 43 with their new toys.43.A.workingB.livin
9、gC.playingD.going语境语境-固定搭配固定搭配play with(toys)16(15 江西江西)“You shouldnt swim that day,”the man 45 advised .“There is a storm coming up.”“You should mind your own 46 !”Diane replied and walked into the gentle waves.46.A.business B.Swimsuit C.friends D.parentsNone of your business.与你无关。与你无关。Mind your ow
10、n business!不要多管闲事！不要多管闲事！17习语谚语 (2012全国新课标)Body language is the quiet,secret and most powerful language of all!It speaks 36 than words 36.A.straighter B.louder C.harder D.furtherAction speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩事实胜于雄辩 3.3.根据词汇的根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义意义及用法辨析词义4.(16全国卷全国卷I）My wheelchair experiment was soo
11、n 54 .It made a deep impression on me.A few hours of“disability”gave me only a taste of the 55(challenges),both physical and mental,that disabled people must overcome.54.A.forgotten B.repeated C.conducted D.finished语境语境-词义辨析词义辨析 4.4.根据生活常识根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择及文化背景知识进行选择 5.（15全国卷全国卷I）As soon as I sat do
12、wn,my 41 made the chair begin to roll.Its wheels were not 42（locked）.41.A.height B.force C.skill D.weight 生活常识生活常识常识、背景知识常识、背景知识6.Born in America,I spoke English not Chinese，the language of my ancestors.When I was three,my parents flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face,but I pushed them 37(aside),
13、36.A.custom B.games C.characters D.language 1.1.语法手段语法手段2.2.逻辑手段逻辑手段句际关系句际关系1.1.语法手段语法手段7.（17全国卷全国卷I）When I handed him the gift card,saying he could use it for _54_ his family might need,he burst into tears.54.A.whoeverB.whatever C.whicheverD.whenever语法语法-连接代词连接代词 逻辑手段逻辑手段2.2.逻辑手段逻辑手段让步关系让步关系转折关系转折关
14、系因果关系因果关系解释关系解释关系顺序关系顺序关系并列关系并列关系8.（15全国卷全国卷I）My hands started to ache as I 51(turned)the heavy metal wheels.I came to know that controlling the 52(direction)of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n)53 task.53.A.easy B.heavy C.major D.extra语境语境-因果关系因果关系 9.Our father was a struggling 36(lawyer),but
15、I always knew he was 37(special).He never criticized us,but used 38 to bring out our best.38.A.help B.peace C.smile D.praise语境语境-转折转折 10.（16全国卷I)The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models,each standing as a monument to someones 47（passing）interest.46.A.well-organized B.colorfully-pri
16、nted C.newly-collectedD.half-filled 语境语境-同类并列关系同类并列关系 11.First of all,a pen should fit comfortably in your hand,.Then the writing point of the pen 52 ,the pen should make a thick,dark line.52.A.Meanwhile B.Generally C.Afterwards D.Finally语境语境-顺序关系顺序关系 原词复现原词复现同义、近义复现同义、近义复现 并列关系并列关系 转折关系转折关系 让步关系让步关
17、系 解释关系解释关系语法项目语法项目较少考查较少考查 顺序关系顺序关系 因果关系因果关系词汇手段词汇手段语法手段语法手段 逻辑手段逻辑手段语篇信息语篇信息（语境理解）（语境理解）技巧小结技巧小结 为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?1.没有严格遵循答题步骤没有严格遵循答题步骤:多数同学考试时担心时间紧多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到这一题上的时间可以达到15-16分钟分钟.2.不注意积累答题技巧不注意积累答题技巧
18、:a.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择随意作出选择.The next day,Jane went to work and I called Saturn to 33 buy her a new car.I knew she had always wanted a _34 car.The sales consultant at Saturn said he had one left 35 _ he couldnt guarantee itd st
19、ill be available because they were 36 selling fast.I said Id take my 37 and asked him to put it in the showroom.34.A.new B.pretty C.private D.white35.A.although B.but C.because D.if36.A.selling B.running C.changing D.updating37.A.wife B.money C.chances D.order经典例解经典例解But no sooner had we stepped int
20、o the store than Jane spotted the little white Saturn coupe(双门轿车双门轿车)Oh,what a pretty car!She said.Id love the new car.【真题演练真题演练】新课标新课标1717全国卷全国卷I I解题三部曲：读解题三部曲：读-填填-读读 My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.On the way,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said,“41
21、 my job.Family to Feed.”At this store,a 42 like this is not normal.My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 43 on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind.In the store,I asked each of my kids to 45 something they thought our“friend”there would 46.They got apples,a sandwich and a bottle o
22、f juice.41.A.Quit B.Changed C.Lost D.Finished42.A.condition B.place C.sight D.show43.A.suggestion B.comment C.decision D.call44.A.by B.proudly C.outside D.angrily45.A.draw B.say C.arrange D.pick46.A.appreciate B.supply C.order D.discover语境、语境、词义词义上下文上下文Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 47.I
23、 thought about it.We were 48 on cash ourselves,butwell,sometimes 49 from our need instead of our abundance is 50 what we need to do!All the kids 51 something they could do away with for the week.When we handed him the bag of 52,he lit up and thanked us with 53 eyes.When I handed him the gift card,sa
24、ying he could use it for 54 his family might need,he burst into tears.47.A.dollar B.jobC.hot meal D.gift card48.A.easyB.lowC.soft D.loose49.A.giving B.savingC.spending D.begging50.A.yetB.evenC.still D.just51.A.declared B.sharedC.ignoredD.expected52.A.foodB.medicineC.toysD.clothes53.A.sleepy B.watery
25、C.curious D.sharp54.A.whoeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever 原词重现原词重现上下文上下文语法语法语境、词义语境、词义词义词义辨析辨析This has been a wonderful 55 for our family.For days the kids have been looking for others we can 56!Things would have played out so 57 if I had simply said,“No,we really dont have 58 to give more.”Stepp
26、ing out not only helped a brother in 59,it also gave my kids the 60 taste of helping others.Itll go a long way with them.55.A.message B.exampleC.experience D.adventure56.A.rely on B.respectC.learn from D.help57.A.suddenly B.vividlyC.differently D.perfectly58.A.time B.powerC.patience D.money59.A.need
27、 B.loveC.fear D.memory60.A.strong B.sweetC.strange D.simple语境、词义语境、词义Answers:01-05 CCBCD 01-05 CCBCD 06-10 ADBAD 06-10 ADBAD 11-15 AABBC11-15 AABBC16-20 DCDAB16-20 DCDAB试题分析试题分析1.从设题的层次来看，句组层次题最多，达从设题的层次来看，句组层次题最多，达15个，这也反个，这也反映了其突出考查考生的连贯性理解能力的命题原则，因映了其突出考查考生的连贯性理解能力的命题原则，因此，考生需要较强的逻辑推理能力。此，考生需要较强的逻辑推理能力。2.提示我们在平常的英语学习中不要再在近义词辨析及用提示我们在平常的英语学习中不要再在近义词辨析及用法上下太多功夫，知道词义即可。法上下太多功夫，知道词义即可。通通读读试填试填核查核查解题步骤：解题步骤：主要手段：主要手段：“先完意，后完形先完意，后完形”语境、词义语境、词义39
