1、Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero阅读词汇1.mean adj.吝啬的;自私的;卑鄙的2.generous adj.慷慨的;大方的3.easy-going adj.随和的;温和宽容的4.self n.自我;自身5.selfish adj.自私的6.selfless adj.无私的;忘我的7.selflessly adv.无私地;忘我地8.invader n.侵略者9.republic n.共和国;共和政体10.principle n.法则;原则;原理11.livelihood n.生计;谋生12.mankind n.人类13.lawyer n.律师14.lega
2、l adj.法律的;依照法律的15.fee n.费(会费、学费等);酬金16.league n.同盟;联盟;联合会17.Youth League 青年团18.quote n.引用语;语录19.release vt.释放;发行20.blanket n.毛毯;毯子21.terror n.恐怖;可怕的人;恐怖时期;恐怖活动22.anti-前缀反;抗;阻23.anti-black adj.反黑人的24.warm-hearted adj.热心肠的识记词汇1.quality n.质量;品质;性质2.active adj.积极的;活跃的3.devote vt.(与to连用)献身;专心于4.devoted a
3、dj.忠实的;深爱的5.found vt.建立;建设6.peaceful adj.和平的;平静的;安宁的7.hopeful adj.怀有希望的;有希望的8.youth n.青年;青年时期9.guidance n.指导;领导10.stage n.舞台;阶段;时期11.vote vt.& vi.投票;选举n.投票;选票;表决12.attack vt.进攻;攻击;抨击13.equal adj.相等的;平等的14.willing adj.乐意的;自愿的15.unfair adj.不公正的;不公平的识记词汇16.escape vi.&vt.逃脱;逃走;避开;泄露17.educate vt.教育;训练18
4、.educated adj.受过教育的;有教养的19.beg vi.请求;乞求20.relative n.亲戚;亲属21.reward n.报酬;奖金vt.酬劳;奖赏22.sentence vt.判决;宣判23.president n.总统;会长;校长;行长24.opinion n.意见;看法;主张25.violence n.暴力;暴行26.cruelty n.残忍;残酷拓展词汇1.active adj.积极的;活跃的actively adv.积极地;活跃地activity n.活动2.devote vt.献身;专心于devoted adj.忠实的;深爱的devotion n.关爱;献身;奉献
5、;忠诚3.peaceful adj.和平的;平静的;安宁的peacefully adv.和平地peace n.和平;平静;和睦4.guidance n.指导;领导guide vt.带领,引导 n.向导5.violence n.暴力;暴行violent adj.暴力的;猛烈的violently adv.猛烈地6.equal adj.相等的;平等的equality n.平等;相等equally adv.同样地;相等地;公平地7.educate vt.教育;训练educated adj.受过教育的;有教养的education n.教育educator n.教育工作者;教育家8.cruelty n.残
6、忍;残酷cruel adj.残忍的;残酷的短语记忆1.out of work失业2.in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中3.lose heart丧失勇气或信心e to power当权;上台5.turn to求助于;致力于6.as a matter of fact事实上7.blow up使充气;爆炸8.set up设立;建立9.be sentenced to被判处(徒刑)句型整理1.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress .过去30年
7、来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利,阻挡了我们的进步2.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。句型整理3.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时,心里觉得很不好受。重点语法The Attributive Clause () (where,when,why,prep.+whichwhom)定语从句() (where,when,why,prep.+whichwhom)1.dev
8、ote vt.献身;专心于归纳拓展devote oneself to献身于;致力于;专心于devote.to.把奉献于be devoted to 深爱;致力于devotion to 对的专心投入奉献忠诚等单句填空Others insist that with children under increasing pressure to devote (devote)their downtime to internships (实习) or study,theres still room for an institution that protects the lazy days of child
9、hood.(2018年11月浙江,阅读理解B)Mothers devotion(devote) to children can hardly be calculated. 在短语devote.to中to为介词,其后接名词或动词-ing形式,类似短语还包括:look forward to期盼;get down to开始着手做;beget used to习惯于;beget accustomed to习惯于;lead to导致;pay attention to注意;object to反对。2.equal adj.相等的;胜任的;平等的n.同等的人;相等物v.等于;抵得上归纳拓展be equal to
10、+n.doing sth.等于;与相等;有的能力;胜任A equals B in.A在方面比得上B或与B相匹敌完成句子Bill is equal to(胜任) (the task of) running the office.After all,not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts,feelings,and most importantly,equal rights to survive(同等生存的权利).(2019江苏,完形填空)3.escape v.& n.逃脱;逃生归纳拓展escape from 从逃脱,逃避escape
11、 doing 避免做a narrow escape 九死一生sth. escape(s) sb.某物被某人遗忘;未被注意完成句子A lunchtime escape (午餐间隙)allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.(2019全国,阅读理解C)他险些溺死。He narrowly escaped being drowned.翻译句子我记不起他的名字了。His name escapes me.4.reward n.报酬,报答,奖赏;酬金v.酬劳,酬谢,报答,奖赏归纳拓展in reward (for.)作为(对的)报答,
12、作为(对的)奖赏giveoffer a reward to sb. for sth.因某事给某人报酬(或赏金)reward sb.with sth. for (doing) sth.为(做)某事而用某物奖赏某人完成句子If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome,you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward(值得言语赞扬).(2019年6月浙江,概要写作)我想做点什么报答她的好意。Id like
13、 to do something in reward for her kindness.作者的母亲拿书来奖赏他。The authors mother rewarded him with books.词语辨析:单词名词动词reward报酬、奖金或一些非金钱的报酬指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏reward sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而报答奖励某人award 奖品,奖金,与prize相似授予,颁发award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb.用reward,award的适当形式填空He was awarded Golden Lion,which
14、 rewarded him for his achievement in films.他被授予金狮奖,以此奖励他在电影方面的成就。1.out of work 失业(=out of a job)归纳拓展out of control 失控out of repair 失修out of order 有毛病,出故障out of date 过时out of danger 脱险out of place不适当out of breath喘不上气用out的词组填空他必须正视失业这一现实。He must face the reality of being out of work.街角的电话又坏了。The phone
15、 at the street corner is out of order again.2.in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中(表状态)归纳拓展asklook for trouble找麻烦;自讨苦吃take trouble to do sth.费力不辞辛苦地做某事(可根据语境在trouble前加上a lot ofa littlegreat等)get intoout of trouble陷入摆脱困境(表动作) “be in+名词”结构be in anger生气 be in surprise惊讶be in a hurry匆匆忙忙地完成句子Getting a little cl
16、oser,I realized one kayak(皮划艇) was in trouble(陷入困境).(2018全国,完形填空)如果你这样摆弄危险的化学品,你简直是在自讨苦吃。If you play with dangerous chemicals like that youre just asking for trouble.他们费了很大的劲才说服父亲和他们住在一起。They took great trouble to persuade their father to live with them.妈妈的心不在焉不仅让我们陷入困境,而且还给了我们许多有趣的时刻。Moms being abs
17、ent-minded not only got us into much trouble,but also gave us many funny moments.(2017年11月浙江,读后续写)3.lose heart丧失信心归纳拓展lose ones heart to sb.爱上某人heart and soul全心全意from the bottom of sb.s heart从某人的心底lose face 丢脸,失面子put ones heart into一心扑在上用heart的相关短语完成句子当Sally发现她的新学生中有很多问题时,她没有失去信心。When Sally found th
18、ere were so many problems among her new students,she didnt lose heart.我从心底里感谢她。I thanked her from the bottom of my heart.事实上,世上无难事,只怕有心人。As a matter of fact,nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 短语“lose heart”中heart前不许有任何修饰、限定成分,heart也不用复数形式。e tointo power当权;上台归纳拓展be in power 当权;执政
19、in ones power 在某人能力以内;为某人能力所及out ofbeyond ones power 超出某人的能力用power的相关短语填空新总统上个月开始执政。The new president came into power last month.我恐怕无力帮助你。Im afraid its not in my power to help you.这台电脑给你5%的折扣,这真的超出了我的权限。It is really beyond my power to give you a 5% discount for this computer.1.only then did we decid
20、e to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。归纳拓展only+状语+部分倒装完成句子只有在一年的友好讨论之后,Garza女士才最终同意。Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms.Garza finally say yes.Only on special occasions(场合) would they take it out (他们会把它拿出来)and let us hold it in our hands,” Adeline says.(2019年6月浙江,阅读理解A)
21、only修饰名词或代词位于句首作主语时,句子不用倒装。如:Only a doctor can do it.只有医生才能这样做。2.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时,心里觉得很不好受。句中的名词短语the first time引导时间状语从句,意为“第一次时”。归纳拓展(1)可引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有:=as soon as 一就(2)副词用作引导时间状语从句的连词有instantly,immediately,directly等,都相当于as soon as。完成句子他第一次上这
22、位年轻老师的课时就感兴趣。He became interested in the young teachers lesson the first time he attended his class. 他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。He paid back the money he owed us immediately he returned home.每次我在公园里看到这位老人时,他都在专注地读报。Each time I see the old man in the park,he is absorbed in reading papers. for the first time只用作句
23、子的状语,不具有连词功能,不可用来引导状语从句。3.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress .过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利,阻挡了我们的进步主语是时间或地点名词,谓语是see,find等动词,表示经历或目睹了某事。完成句子The last few years have seen (过去几年已经见证)environmental disasters on a grand scale,and experts are predicting far worse to come.
