1、科普环保类1、Famous Inventions and Their InventorsX-rays were discovered in 1895 by a German professor, Wilhelm Roentgen. People all over the world were amazed by his invention, the X-ray machine. This invention was so important that Roentgen won the first Nobel Prize for Physics in 1901. The telephone wa
2、s invented by Alexander Graham Bell, a doctor and speech teacher. The first phone call was made by Bell in 1876. He got acid(酸) on his pants by accident and wanted his partner, Thomas Watson, to help him. The first words spoken on the telephone were “Mr. Watson, come here! I need you!” Television wa
3、s invented in 1926 by John Logie Baird, a Scottish inventor. Bairds television certainly didnt look like a television today! Electronic televisions like the ones we have today were invented by Vladimir Zworykin in the 1920s in the United States. The first computer was built in 1946 by two American e
4、ngineers, J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly. It was developed for the army, and it was so large that it took up the whole room! Later, in 1971, the “microchip” was invented, and small home computers were first produced for personal use. Today computers are involved in almost everything we do and
5、 are found almost everywhere we go.根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。【小题1】X-rays were discovered by a Scottish inventor in 1901.【小题2】Wilhelm Roentgen won the first Nobel Prize for Physics.【小题3】The telephone was invented by a German professor.【小题4】The first television and the ones we have today looked the same.【小题5】
6、Two American engineers built the first computer in 1946.2、What do you see when you look at abstract (抽象) art? Does it make sense to you? Does it look like anything? Abstract art became popular in the early 20th century. Artists did not want to paint, draw, or sculpt things like they looked. They did
7、nt want their art to be realistic (现实的). They were more interested in basic shapes（基础的造型） and colours. Picasso is probably the most famous of these artists. He painted and drew in many, many styles. Sometimes he used a lot of blue colours (his “blue period”). Later, he used more red and pink colours
8、 (his “rose period”). Many of his other paintings are called “cubist (立体画派)” because they are made of painted squares. After a long time, Picassos paintings became more and more abstract. He painted people and things using strange shapes. His work was so original, many his fellow artists didnt under
9、stand it. Kindinsky, another famous artist, used lines, shapes, and patterns to paint his subjects. His paintings also used strong colours to express feelings.Other artists like the surrealists (超现实主义者), they were interested in the subconscious (潜意识). Painters like Breton and Magritte used many symb
10、ols (象征) in their work. The meaning or subject of their work wasnt always clear. Dai, another artist, painted pictures that looked like dreams. There are still many abstract artists around the world. Its often hard to say what their art is about. Thats the way many artists like better. They want eac
11、h person to look at art and find their own meaning in it.【小题1】Which would be most like abstract art? Aa painting of a horse Ba sculpture(雕塑) of a carCa drawing of two people in a coffee house.DA red and blue painting, with no clear subject.【小题2】What happened to Picassos work after a long time? AIt b
12、ecame more abstract.BIt became less original.CHe went from using red colours to using blue coloursDHe only painted with coloured squares【小题3】Who is probably the most famous abstract artist? ABretonBDali.CPicassoDMagritte【小题4】Which of the following is Not true? APicasso painted in many different styl
13、es.BDali was interested in dreams.CAbstract artists feel each work of art only has one meaningDMagrittes art was full of symbols.3、阅读下面的材料，根据材料的内容，选择正确答案填空。Tigers are strong and dangerous animals. But now they are in danger.In the past, there were eight kinds of tigers in the world. But during the 2
14、0th century, only five were left. The number of Siberian tigers (东北虎) was about 300, but now it is less than 22. Theyre in danger of dying out. If the government does nothing, we wont be able to see them in ten to twenty years.In order to stop people from hunting and killing wild tigers, and in orde
15、r to make wild tigers more, the World Wildlife Fund (世界自然基金会) has started a program (项目) recently (最近). China and twelve other countries joined it. However, its not enough. Remember that nature is a food chain (链). If we hurt and kill too many wild deer and pigs, wild tigers will die out because of
16、hunger (饥饿). So the most important thing is to save the animals that tigers eat. In order to protect the wild tigers, we need call on (号召) more people to stop eating, hunting and killing wild animals.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。【小题1】During the 20th century, _ kinds of wild tigers were left. A3B5C8D20【小题2】The numb
17、er of the wild Siberian tigers reduced (减少) about _. A5%B22C93%D30%【小题3】Wild tigers will be in danger of dying out without _. ApigsBdeerCpeopleDA and B【小题4】Which of the following statements is NOT true? AThere are less than 22 wild Siberian tigers now.BThere are twelve countries in the World Wildlif
18、e Fund.CWild tigers mainly feed on pigs and deer.DIts our duty to protect the wild tigers.【小题5】The passage mainly tells us _. Awhy and how do we protect the wild tigersBthe government does everything they could to protect the wild tigersCthe wild tigers will die out in ten to twenty yearsDthe most i
19、mportant thing is to save the animals that tigers eat4、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。At present, too much carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) makes the earth warmer and warmer and causes terrible effect to human beingsTo save our planet, to save ourselves, a new lifestyle called low-carbon life(低碳生活) becomes
20、popularLow carbon means low energy and no wasteIt is necessary for everybody to learn to live a low-carbon life To live a low-carbon life, wed better save energy as possibleTurn off the lights and TV whenever they are not neededIf possible, use cold water to wash clothes or dishesTake a short shower
21、 and try to take a cold one when the weather gets warmDont do the cooking with electricity To live a low-carbon life , we should eat less meatEverybody knows eating too much meat makes people fat and easy to have heart disease, but maybe you dont know keeping animals for food produces even more carb
22、on dioxide than all the cars in the world, and being a vegetarian can help reduce one and a half tons of carbon dioxide a yearMaybe it is a little difficult, but its really necessary To live a low-carbon life, we are supposed to do less shoppingWhen we go shopping, we may drive a car or take other t
23、ransportationsOn the one hand, these machines pollute the air and waste energyOn the other hand, most of us always buy some useless things because of some advertisementsIt is not only a waste of money but also causes trouble to the earth, because as you know, making everything will produce carbon di
24、oxi de more or less There are many other ways to live low-carbon life, such as recycling things, planting trees and reusing textbooksIf we can keep it a habit in our daily life, the earth will become a safer planet for us to live on根据短文内容，选择正确答案。【小题1】_ makes the weather on the earth get warmer ALitt
25、le rubbishBA waste of moneyCToo much carbon dioxideDA waste of water【小题2】We can _ to save energy in our daily life Ause less electricityBgo to sleep with lights onCwash clothes with hot waterDdrive car to work【小题3】The underlined word “it” in the third paragraph means _ Aeating less meatBhaving heart
26、 diseaseCkeeping animals for foodDeating less vegetables【小题4】We should do less shopping because _ Awasting money causes trouble to peopleBthe advertisements are sometimes misleadingCthe less you shop, the less carbon dioxide will be producedDsome of the things you bought are useless【小题5】If everybody
27、 lives a low-carbon life, _ Awe will waste more energyBthere will be less carbon dioxideCthe earth will become a dangerous place to live onDthere will be more carbon dioxide5、阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。DSome people think that singing can lift our spirits ( 情 绪 ), while some other people dont
28、 think soThey dont like singing and they think singing can never make them happyI do think singing can make us feel good, and it can lift our spiritsLet me tell you more about that Some researchers (研究者) once did some surveys and proved itThe surveys show that singing can bring a lot of health benef
29、its (益处)If you sing with your friends, the effects may be even better John Lennon was once a teacher of Vocal Performance (声乐表演) at Emporia State UniversityHe says, “Singing is an inborn (天生的) needBabies sing to themselves and they seem so happyLike babies, when we sing, we feel so good and singing
30、makes us feel even betterI like singing and I am happy every day” Music is a part of human natureAnd singing is a form of expression that can be understood by everyoneSome people say that music is like a kind of languageThe language can show peoples opinions and attitudes(态度) to their lifeSome songs
31、 can cheer people up when they are in troubleSome songs can make people happy and excitedThats why the TV show The Voice of China is so popular with people【小题1】According to some surveys, singing can bring _ Ahealth benefitsBhealth problemsChappiness and successDsome trouble【小题2】The underlined word “
32、expression” probably means “_” in Chinese A运动B表情C表达D放松【小题3】The TV show The Voice of China is popular because _ Aall the singers are good at singing and dancingBsongs make people happy and excitedCall the singers look nice in cool clothesDsongs are written by the singers themselves【小题4】Which of the f
33、ollowing is TRUE according to the passage? AAll people think singing can lift our spiritsBSome people dont like singing and dont think music can make them happyCIf you sing in a group, there will be no benefitsDNo babies ever sing to themselves6、阅读填空Every time we turn on the TV or take a ride in a c
34、ar, we could be adding to a problem called acid rain(酸雨)In this article, well learn something important about acid rain The formation of acid rain When people use fuels (燃料), such as coal and gasoline(汽油), poisonous（有毒的） gases are given offWhen these gases come together with rain, acid rain formsMan
35、y power stations burn fuels in order to create the electricity(电) that we use in our homes and offices every dayCars and trucks also send these gases into the air when they burn gasolineWhen rain meets these gases, harmful things called acids formThis is acid rainThe harm of acid rain Acid rain dest
36、roys（破坏） everythingIt poisons our rivers, ponds and lakes and oceans along with the life in themIt pollutes our soils and crops, harm trees, and can cause the death of fish and plantsAcid rain also eats away at our buildings The prevention of acid rain We need to reduce and even stop the pollution t
37、hat gets into our airTurn off lights, televisions and other electrical appliances(电器) if we are not using themWalk and take a bike whenever possibleIf we are travelling a long distance, take a bus or train to save fuel As research shows, acid rain harms our environmentBut people everywhere can take
38、small steps now to help protect our environment and make our children change7、阅读下列短文, 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。DAlmost everyone has dropped some food on the floor and still wanted to eat itIf someone saw you drop it, he or she might have shouted, “ 5-second rule!” This socalled rule says food is OK t
39、o eat if you pick it up in five seconds or lessBut is that true?Professor Anthony Hilton from Ashton University, UK, tested the rule with his studentsThey found that food dropped for five seconds is less likely to contain bacteria(细菌) than if it sits there for longer. For the study, Hilton and his s
40、tudents tested a lot of foodsbread, pasta, cookies and candyto see how much bacteria they had when they made contact with the floorThey allowed the food to lie on the different types of flooringcarpet(地毯), laminate (复合地板) and tile(瓷砖) for three seconds to 30 seconds. Not surprisingly, the longer the
41、 food was on the floor, the more bacteria it hadAnd the type of floor where the dropped food landed had an effectBacteria are least likely to transfer(转移) from carpet, while they are most likely to transfer laminate or tiled surface after more than five secondsThe study also found that the wetter th
42、e food, the more likely it was to pick up bacteriaAlthough most people are happy to follow the 5-second rule, eating food dropped on the floor still carries an infection(感染) risk“It very much depends on which bacteria are on the floor at the time.” Hilton told Forbes【小题1】What is the “5-second rule m
43、ean? APeople often shout at someone when they drop food on the floor.BFood is safe when you pick it up off the floor in less than five seconds.CIts better to eat dropped food when its been on the floor for over five secondsDFood will go bad when dropped food on the floor in five seconds or less【小题2】
44、Where is Ashton University?AIn the USA.BIn England.CIn China.DIn France.【小题3】Hiltons test wanted to find out_. Aif the “5-second rule” is trueBthe students favorite foodCwhich food is easily droppedDif different types of floor have different bacteria【小题4】According to the test, we learn the following
45、 EXCEPT _ Athe dropped food had more bacteria if it sat on the floor for longer.Bthe dropped food on the carpet had the least bacteria.Cbacteria was impossible to transfer from laminate or tiled surfaces.Dthe wetter food was likely to pick up bacteria.【小题5】According to the article, the infection ris
46、k of the dropped does NOT depend on _. Ahow long the food sits on the floorBwhat the dropped food isCwhat the bacteria areDwhat the weather is like that day8、Do you know why different animals or pests have their special colours? Colours in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves. Some bird
47、s like eating locusts(蚱蜢)，but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colours together with the change of the colours of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown colour as crops have. Some other pests with different colours from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.If you study the animal l
