1、1.为什么要学语法?Why?2.考研语法考什么?What?3.我们怎么学语法?How?考研语法导论完形填空(10)传统阅读(40)新题型(10)英译汉(1015)大小作文(3025)考研语法导论传统阅读新题型英译汉完形填空 考察读懂长难句的能力经常有同学对我说:老师,你看这个句子,每个单词都认经常有同学对我说:老师,你看这个句子,每个单词都认识,但是放在一起就是不知道什么意思!识,但是放在一起就是不知道什么意思!经常有同学对我说:老师,你看这个句子,每个单词都认经常有同学对我说:老师,你看这个句子,每个单词都认识,但是放在一起就是不知道什么意思!识,但是放在一起就是不知道什么意思!The ch
2、anges in prices expressed in money terms of different goods and The changes in prices expressed in money terms of different goods and services,are the means by which all modern societies regulate demand and services,are the means by which all modern societies regulate demand and supply for these thi
3、ngssupply for these things.经常有同学对我说:老师,你看这个句子,每个单词都认经常有同学对我说:老师,你看这个句子,每个单词都认识,但是放在一起就是不知道什么意思!识,但是放在一起就是不知道什么意思!The changes The changes in prices expressed in money terms of different goods and in prices expressed in money terms of different goods and services,services,are the means are the means b
4、y which all modern societies regulate demand and by which all modern societies regulate demand and supply for these thingssupply for these things.The changes The changes in prices expressed in money terms of different goods and in prices expressed in money terms of different goods and services,servi
5、ces,are the means are the means by which all modern societies regulate demand and by which all modern societies regulate demand and supply for these thingssupply for these things.以货币表示的不同商品和服务的价格变化,是所有现代社会调节这些商品需求和供应的手段。考研语法导论 中高考考研形容词变形动词变形单复数时态虚拟语气读懂读懂长难句长难句 第一部分 考研语法概论词性 第一部分 考研语法概论词性词性1.名词2.动词3.
6、形容词4.副词漂亮姑娘 干得漂亮 漂亮不重要 a beautiful girl Youre doing it beautifully!Beauty is not important.I love you.主语名词谓语动词宾语名词语法语法基础语法基础语法 词性与句子成分词性与句子成分I really love you.主语名词谓语动词宾语名词语法语法基础语法基础语法 词性与句子成分词性与句子成分状语副词语法语法基础语法基础语法 词性与句子成分词性与句子成分I have a real flower.定语形容词You are a student.主语名词系动词表语名词形容词(beautiful)语法
7、语法基础语法基础语法 词性与句子成分词性与句子成分找动词找动词Birds fly.I write a letter.语法语法基础语法基础语法 及物动词及物动词 不及物动词不及物动词宾语宾语呢?语法语法基础语法基础语法 及物动词及物动词 不及物动词不及物动词及物动词vt.:buy books、write a letter、love you 不及物动词vi.:The sun rises.不及物动词要加宾语不及物动词要加宾语,在动词和宾语之间加上在动词和宾语之间加上介词介词语法语法基础语法基础语法 及物动词及物动词 不及物动词不及物动词语法语法基础语法基础语法 及物动词及物动词 不及物动词不及物动词
8、I go to school.I look at you.I listen to you.第一部分 考研语法概论词性词性1.冠词2.介词3.连词 第一部分 考研语法概论词性词性举例举例关键知识点关键知识点1.冠词aanthe2.介词inatof3.连词and but or so that who when 第一部分 考研语法概论词性词性举例举例关键知识点关键知识点1.冠词aanthea decline(一场衰落)the young (年轻人)an intellectual(一个知识分子)2.介词inatof3.连词and but or so 并列that whether 从属 第一部分 考研语
9、法概论词性词性举例举例关键知识点关键知识点1.冠词aanthea declinethe youngan intellectual2.介词inatofin the room(定语、状语)the color of skyShe sits in the room.3.连词and but or so 并列that whether 从属 第一部分 考研语法概论词性词性举例举例关键知识点关键知识点1.冠词aanthea declinethe youngan intellectual2.介词inatofin the room(定语、状语)the color of sky3.连词and but or so 并
10、列句子+并列连词+句子that whether 从属主句+从属连词+从句 第一部分 考研语法概论判断正误I am a student,you are teacher.I am a student and you are teacher.I am a student.You are teacher.You must listen to me.Because I am a teacher.You must listen to me,because I am a teacher.第一部分 考研语法概论I like that book.I think that you are right.第一部分 考
11、研语法概论句法第一部分 考研语法概论句子分类句子分类区分区分1.简单句只有一套主谓2.并列句不止一套主谓3.复合句不止一套主谓 第一部分 考研语法概论一、简单句1.Birds fly.主谓 2.I love you.主谓宾3.You are a student.主系表(主谓宾)4.I give you a ring.主谓双宾5.You make me happy.主谓宾宾补 第一部分 考研语法概论 一、简单句一、简单句 第一部分 考研语法概论一、简单句4.I give you a ring.5.You make me happy.第一部分 考研语法概论谓语都是动词动词都是谓语吗?非非 谓谓 语
12、语dodo 原 形does 单 三did 过 去 式doing 现 在 分 词 动 名 词done 过 去 分 词to do 不 定 式谓 语非 谓 语 DOING、DONE、TO DO不能单独做谓语I do my homework.I am doing my homework.I have done my homework.I want to do my homework.第一部分 考研语法概论练习:下面句子是简单句还是复合句?练习:下面句子是简单句还是复合句?The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as
13、its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.(2011 年 Text1)注:The New York Philharmonic 纽约爱乐乐团 music director 音乐总监 classical-music 古典乐 announcement 宣告 通告 appointment 任命 第一部分 考研语法概论练习:下面句子是简单句还是复合句?练习:下面句子是简单句还是复合句
14、?The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.(2011 年 Text1)注:The New York Philharmonic 纽约爱乐乐团 music director 音乐总监 classical-music 古典乐 announcemen
15、t 宣告 通告 appointment 任命 第一部分 考研语法概论练习:下面句子是简单句还是复合句?练习:下面句子是简单句还是复合句?The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.注:The New York Philharmonic 纽约爱乐乐
16、团 music director 音乐总监 classical-music 古典乐 announcement 宣告 通告 appointment 任命 第一部分 考研语法概论练习:下面句子是简单句还是复合句?练习:下面句子是简单句还是复合句?The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his
17、appointment in 2009.自从2009年艾伦吉尔伯特突然宣布任命以来,纽约爱乐乐团聘请他为下一任音乐总监的决定一直是古典音乐界的话题。注:The New York Philharmonic 纽约爱乐乐团 music director 音乐总监 classical-music 古典乐 announcement 宣告 通告 appointment 任命 第一部分 考研语法概论 二、并列句二、并列句 二、并列句(二、并列句(and,but,or,so)and,but,or,so)Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.她父亲
18、是医生,母亲是教师。Tom is fairly clever,but Peter is rather stupid.汤姆相当聪明,但彼得相当愚蠢。He speaks French,or perhaps he understands it.他会说法语,或者也许他懂。He never washes his car,so his car is very dirty.他从不洗车,所以他的车很脏。二、并列句练习二、并列句练习请猜下面这句话的含义请猜下面这句话的含义We aim to be objective,but we cannot escape the context of our unique l
19、ife experiences.(2012 年 Text3)第一部分 考研语法概论二、并列句练习二、并列句练习请猜下面这句话的含义请猜下面这句话的含义We aim to be objective,but we cannot escape the context of our unique life experiences.我们的目标是客观,但我们不能逃避我们独特的生活经历。(2012 年 Text3)第一部分 考研语法概论二、并列句二、并列句 简单句(主句)+并列连词+简单句 第一部分 考研语法概论 三、复合句三、复合句 第一部分 考研语法概论三、复合句三、复合句 简单句(主句)+从属连词+简
20、单句(从句)(一)名词性从句1.That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute.(1998 年 Text5)这些板块正在移动是无可争议的。2.This suggests that dimmer bulbs burn longer.(2009 年完型)这表明较暗的灯泡燃烧时间更长。3.Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs.(2006 年完型)部分原因是许多无家可归的成年人沉溺于酒精或毒品。4.Generally there
21、 was a belief that the new nations should be independent states.(2007 年完型)一般来讲有这样一个看法:新的国家应该是独立的国家。(二)定语从句5.They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel.(2002 年 Text2)他们已经制造出能够识别机器面板错误的机器人(三)状语从句6.Because we are not robots,we therefore control our thoughts.(2011 年翻译 46 题)因为
22、我们不是机器人,所以我们控制我们的思想。第一部分 考研语法概论总结:句子的分类:简单句+连词 构成长难句 修饰成分是阻碍我们理解句子的难点 第二部分 句子成分详解一、主语一、主语二、宾语二、宾语三、宾语的难点三、宾语的难点 第二部分 句子成分详解一、什么可以做主语?一、什么可以做主语?Pride goes before a fall.骄傲先于失败。(名词)Playing basketball is fun.打篮球很有趣。(现在分词短语)To translate English into Chinese needs hard work.把英语译成汉语需要艰苦的工作。(不定式短语)Whether
23、well go depends on the weather.我们是否去取决于天气。(句子)第二部分 句子成分详解二、什么可以做宾语?二、什么可以做宾语?I like apples.我喜欢苹果。(名词)I want to be a soldier.我想当军人。(不定式)I forget cleaning the room.我忘记已经打扫过房间了。(现在分词短语)I hope that our dream will come true.我希望我们的梦想成为现实。(句子)第二部分 句子成分详解在考研英语阅读中,我们经常会见到think A as Bview A as Bmaintain A as
24、Bargue A as Bperceive A as BV.+A as B (认为A是B)elect A as B?三、宾语最三、宾语最重要的疑难点!重要的疑难点!第二部分 句子成分详解在考研英语阅读中,我们还经常会见到V.+A+as B (认为A是B)V.+as B+A三、宾语最三、宾语最重要的疑难点!重要的疑难点!第二部分 句子成分详解在考研英语阅读中,我们还经常会见到I regard you as my best friend.I regard as my best friend you.三、宾语最三、宾语最重要的疑难点!重要的疑难点!第二部分 句子成分详解He has elected
25、as his primary duty and pleasure the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems.(2006 年翻译 46 题)三、宾语最三、宾语最重要的疑难点!重要的疑难点!(他的主要任务和乐趣)(以苏格拉底的方式思考道德问题的行为)He has elected as his primary duty and pleasure the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems.(2006 年翻译 46 题)三、宾语最三、宾语最重
26、要的疑难点!重要的疑难点!(以苏格拉底的方式思考道德问题的行为)(他的主要任务和乐趣)He has elected the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems as his primary duty and pleasure.(2006 年翻译 46 题)他认为以苏格拉底的方式思考道德问题的行为是他的主要任务和乐趣。三、宾语最三、宾语最重要的疑难点!重要的疑难点!宾语练习宾语练习真题在线:真题在线:Most people do not even know their fourth cousins but someh
27、ow manage to select as _8 8_ thethe people who resemble our kinpeople who resemble our kin.(2015 年完形)8.A classmate B colleague C father D friendsMost people do not even know their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as _8 8_ thethe 大多数人甚至不认识他们的第四代表亲,但是不知怎么地选择那些people who resemble our kinpeople who resemble our kin.(2015 年完形)类似亲戚的人类似亲戚的人作为_8.A classmate 同学 B colleague 同事 C father 父亲 D friends 朋友