1、【人教新目标】八年级英语上册短语及语法讲义Unit 7 Will people have robots一、 必背短语。1.在电脑上on computers2.在纸上on paper3.活到200岁live to be 200 years old4.在100年后 in 100 years5.空闲时间 free time6.处于极大的危险中be in great danger7.在地球上on the earth8.参与做某事play a part in doing sth9.在将来 in the future10. 太空站space station11.帮忙做家务 help with housew
2、ork12. 多次地，反复地over and over again13.这样的工作 such jobs14. 感到厌烦get bored15.看起来像look like16. 能，会be able to17.醒来，唤醒wake up18. 不同意某意见disagree with19.数以百计的hundreds of20.突然倒下,倒塌fall down21.寻找look for22.作为一名记者as a reporter23.度假，休假take a holiday24.有一天one day25.更少的空闲时间less free time26.更多的污染more pollution27.搬到某地
3、move to28.养一只鸟keep a bird二、重点结构1.will+动词原形 将要做2.fewer/more+可数名词复数 更少/更多less/more+不可数名词 更少/更多3.have to do sth.不得不做某事（客观） must 必须（主观）4.agree with sb.同意某人的意见5.There will be + 主语+其他 将会有 =There be going to be6.There is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth.有正在做某事7.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事8.help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 9.W
4、hat will the future be like ? 未来将会是什么样子？10.Which side do you agree with ?你同意哪一方的观点？【教材内容解析】Section A1. Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes? (P. 49)本句是主从复合句，从句为宾语从句，如果do you think放在句中，则为插入语，放在特殊疑问词后面，结构为：疑问词+do you think+主语+谓语+其它。例句：Which do you think is the best movie theatre?2. Peopl
5、e will live to be 200 years old. (P. 49)live to be+基数词+years old意为“活到岁”。例句：In the story, people will live to be 500 years old.3. Will people use money in 100 years? (P. 49)“in+一段时间”表示“在之后”或“在之内”，通常用于一般将来时，常用来回答how soon的提问；“for+一段时间”则表示持续多长时间，用来回答how long的提问。例句：The film will begin in two minutes.例句：T
6、hey have lived here for three years.4. Whats your prediction about the future? (P. 50) future作名词，表示“将来、未来”，in the future表示“在将来”。例句：Who knows what will happen in the future.5. I dont think so. (P. 50) I dont think so表示“我不这么认为”，肯定形式为I think so。例句：-Look at the cloud. It is going to rain.例句：-I dont thin
7、k so. It will be sunny soon.【拓展】类似的结构还有：I hope so“我希望如此”，I hope not“我希望不是这样”，Im afraid so“恐怕如此”，Im afraid not“恐怕不是这样的”。6. So what will the future be like? (P. 50) what is.like可以用来提问外貌、情形，也可以用来提问某人性格或者品质。例句：-Whats Tom like?例句：-He is funny.7. There will be fewer trees and the environment will be in gr
8、eat danger. (P. 50) in danger表示“处于危险中”，out of danger意为“脱离危险”。例句：He is in danger now.例句：Some animals are out of danger.8. Will we have to move to other planets? (P. 50) other作形容词，意为“别的、其它的”。例句：There are other ways to do this exercise.【拓展】other, the other, another, others和the others辨析other: 意为“别的、其它的”
9、，常用来修饰可数名词。the other: 表示“两者中另一个”，是特指；the other之后也可以加复数名词，特指“其它的”。another: 表示“三者中另一个”。others: 用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”是复数概念。the others: 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）”。例句：We study Chinese, English, Math and other subjects.例句：There are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys.例句：You should thin
10、k of others.例句：There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls and the others are boys.9. Everyone should play a part in saving the earth. (P. 50) play a part in意为“参与、在中发挥作用”，后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。例句：Mr. Black doesnt play a part in the discussion.Section B1. space station (P. 52) space用
11、作不可数名词，表示“太空、空间”，意为“空间”时，相当于room，make space/room for表示“为腾出位置”。例句：Will people be able to live in space in the future?例句：There isnt much space on the bus.2. Will robots think like humans in the future? (P. 53) human用作名词，意为“人、人类”，相当于human being，复数形式为humans。例句：Dogs can hear better than humans.3. Today t
12、here are already robots working in factories. (P. 53)(1) “There be+sb./sth.+doing sth.”意为“有某人/某物正在做某事”。例句：There are some boys standing on the playground.(2) already作副词，表示“已经”，一般用于肯定句中，用于疑问句中时，表示惊讶的语气。例句：They continued working, though it was already midnight.4. Some can help to build cars, and they d
13、o simple jobs over and over again. (P. 53)over and over again意为“反复地、一次又一次地”。例句：He thanked me over and over again.5. For example, scientists James White thinks that robots will never be able to wake up and know where they are. (P. 53)wake up表示“醒来、喊醒”。例句：Every day I wake up at six oclock.例句：Please wak
14、e up your younger sister.6. But many scientists disagree with Mr. White. (P. 53)disagree为不及物动词，反义词是agree，disagree with sb.意为“不同意某人”。例句：I disagree with you about this.7. However, they agree it may take hundreds of years. (P. 53)(1) agree作动词，意为“同意、赞同”，名词形式为agreement，反义词是disagree，agree to do sth.意为“同意做
15、某事”。例句：She agreed to buy this book.【拓展】agree的其它用法1. agree with sb.意为“同意某人的看法或者想法”。例句：I am afraid I cant agree with you.2. agree to sth. 同意（计划、安排、建议）例句：Do you think hell agree to our proposal?3. agree on 约定、商定例句：Can we agree on a date?(2) hundreds of表示“许多、大量”，hundred, thousand, million, billion前面有具体数
16、字修饰，表示确切意义时，用单数形式；后接of，表示约数时，用复数形式。three thousandmillions of visitors8. These new robots will have many different shapes. (P. 53)shape用作名词，表示“形状、外形”，in the shape of“呈现形状”，out of shape“变形的、走样的”。例句：The pool was in the shape of a heart.例句：Im a bit out of shape and I want to lose weight.9. If buildings
17、fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. (P. 53) find, look for和find out辨析find意为“找到”，强调寻找的结果；look for意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程；find out意为“查明”，多指通过调查、询问、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”之意，通常含有通过困难曲折之意，多指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。例句：I looked for it everywhere, but I could not find it.例
18、句：Please find out when the train leaves.10. This was not possible 20 years ago, but computers and rockets also seemed impossible 100 years ago. (P. 53) possible作形容词，表示“可能的”，反义词为impossible，表示“不可能的”。例句：Everything is possible as long as we work hard. 例句：Dont ask me to do impossible things.11. Which sid
19、e do you agree with? (P. 54)side此处用作名词，表示“一方”。例句：He always likes to be on the winning side.12. So I will probably keep a bird. (P. 55)probably用作副词，表示“很可能、大概”，用作状语，放在行为动词之前，助动词、情态动词和be动词之后。例句：He probably knows the secret.例句：I will probably study medicine at university.13. .but I think Ill take a holi
20、day in Hong Kong when possible. (P. 55)take a holiday意为“度假”，相当于have a holiday，holiday常用的短语还有：on a holiday在休假；for a holiday 去度假。例句：Where do you hope to take a holiday?例句：They are on holiday in Sanya. 【语法讲解】一般将来时定义：一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。常见用法：1.will/shall+动词原形 shall用于第一人称，常被wi
21、ll 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各种人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。will not=wont shall not=shant例如：e.g. Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？2. be going to +不定式，表示将来。a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。e.g. What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算做什么呢？b. 计划，安排要发生的事。e.g. The play is going to
22、 be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。c. 有迹象要发生的事。e.g. Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下暴雨了。3. 现在进行时表将来时下列位移动词的现在进行时表示将来时go、com、fly、leave、start、begin、finish、end、arrivee.g. she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.明天她要动身去往武汉了。句型转换1. “be going to动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将be的相应形式前移到句首，即“Are/Is/Am
23、主语going to动词原形其它？”。其否定句是在be动词的相应形式后加not.如：他们打算今天下午踢足球。 （1）They are going to play football this afternoon.（肯定句） （2）Are they going to play football this afternoon？（一般疑问句） （3）They are not going to play football this afternoon. （否定句） 2. “shall/will动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将shall或will前移到句首，即“Shall/Will主语动词原形其它？”。其否定句是在shall或will后加not.如：我们老师很快回来。（1）Our teacher will come back very soon. （肯定句） （2）Will our teacher come back very soon？（一般疑问句） （3）Our teacher wont come back very soon. （否定句）
