1、【英语】中考英语易错题专题三英语动词的时态(含解析)含解析一、初中英语动词的时态1When did she leave? As if it was 3:30. She for about 2 hours.Ahas been away Bleft Chas left【答案】A【解析】句意:她什么时候离开的?好像在3:30。她离开了大约2个小时。根据for about 2 hours.可知句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词,而且用现在完成时。所以选A。点睛:短暂性动词在现在完成时态的肯定句中不能与表示一段的时间状语连用,如句子中的left为短暂性动词,另外还要记住几个常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词的转化:
2、borrowkeep, buyhave, get/catch a coldhave a cold ,diebe dead, openbe open,end/finish be over,begin/start be on, leavebe away, comebe in/here等。如:His fatherdied10 years ago.=His father hasbeen deadfor 10 years。Iboughtthis pen 3 years ago. = Ihave hadthis pen for 3 years.2We a few museums while we were
3、 in London.AvisitBvisitedChave visitedDare visiting【答案】B【解析】句意:当我在伦敦时,我参观了几个博物馆。A. visit 参观,用于一般现在时态,主语复数时; B. visited 参观,用于一般过去时态; C. have visited 参观,用于一般现在完成时态; D. are visiting 参观,用于现在进行时态,主语复数时; 根据 while we were in London.可知主句用过去时态;故选B3Linda is not coming for the party tonight. But she _.Apromise
4、sBpromisedCwill promiseDhad promised【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:-琳达今晚不来参加晚会了吗?-但她答应了。考查动词时态。A. promises一般现在时,第三人称单数;B. promised一般过去时;C. will promise一般将来时;D. had promised过去完成时。根据上文是现在进行时,结合语境可知原先答应,可知用一般过去时。故选B。4Sam,I called you yesterday,but you were not at home.Oh,I at my aunts.Aam Bwas Chave been Dwill be【答案】
5、B【解析】【详解】句意:- Sam,昨天我给你打电话了,但是你不在家。-哦,我在我姑妈家里。根据called you yesterday可知,这里叙述的是昨天的事情,所以答语也应该用一般过去时,故选B。5- Mr. Black will go to Shanghai in a few days. Do you know when the earliest plane _on Sunday?- At 10:00am.Aleaves off Btook off Cis leaving off Dis taking off【答案】D【解析】句意:布莱克先生几天后将去上海。你知道星期日最早的飞机什么时
6、候起飞吗?上午10点。考查动词短语和时态辨析题。leave off停止,中断(做某事);take off (飞机)起飞,都是固定短语,可知后者符合句意,可排除AC两项。问句是时间状语从句,主句do是一般现在时,可知过去式took错误,结合答语At 10:00am.是将来的时间,故选D。6Why didnt you open the door for me just now?Sorry,I a bath.Awill take Bam taking Cwas taking Dtake【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:-刚才你为什么不给我开门?-对不起,我在洗澡。根据didnt you open th
7、e door这里叙述的是过去的事情,根据句意可知该开门的时间正在洗澡,也就是说过去某个时间正在进行的动作,应该用过去进行时。过去进行时的谓语动词的形式是:was/were+doing,故选C。7- Will you go to America next month?-Yes. But I promise I will call you as soon as I _there.Aget to Bwill get to Cwill get Dget【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:下个月你将要去美国吗?是的。但是我保证我一到达那里,就给你打电话。as soon as引导的时间状语从句,用一般现在时,
8、主句用一般将来时。there是副词,前面不加介词,get there到达那里。故选D。8They _ the coming of the year 2018 when an accident happened.Awere celebrating BcelebratedCwould celebrate Dhave celebrated【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意“当事故发生时,他们正在庆祝即将来临的2018年”。句中的when意为“这时”,这是一个典型的“当正在进行的时候发生了”句型,主句用过去进行时,从句就过去时。答案为A。9-Todays young people cant live wi
9、thout smart phones.-Their eyes are glued to the screen wherever they go, even while they_ meals.Ahave Bare having Cwere having Dwill have【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:今天的年轻人离不开智能手机。无论走到哪里,他们的眼睛都盯着屏幕,即使是在吃饭的时候。考查现在进行时。while引导时间状语从句时,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生,从句中常用进行时态;根据Their eyes are glued to the screen wherever they go, ev
10、en while可知从句强调的动作是现在进行时态,即“他们在吃饭的时候,同时也在玩手机”;现在进行时的构成为:主语+be动词(am/is/are)+动词现在分词;本句主语是they,所以be动词用are,have meals吃饭,have的现在分词是having;故答案选B。10What do you think of your hometown,Kate?It a lot.Its more beautiful than before.Ahas changed BchangesCwill change Dchange【答案】A【解析】句意:-你觉得你的家乡怎么样,凯特?-它改变了很多,比以前更
11、美丽了。A. has changed现在完成时态,已改变;B. changes一般现在时态的动词三单形式,改变;C. will change一般将来时态,将会改变;D. change动词原形,改变。根据语境可知,本句表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响与结果,所以使用现在完成时态,has/have+动词的过去分词。故选:A。11 What are you doing now, Kate? I an email to my friend.Awrite Bam writing Cwrote Dhave written【答案】B【解析】句意:凯特你在做什么?我正在给我的朋友写电子邮件。考查现在进行时。根据
12、What are you doing now, Kate?可知是问正在做什么,现在进行时态,所以回答也应用现在进行时,其构成为be+动词现在分词;主语是I,所以系动词be用am,write的现在分词是writing,故答案选B。12My grandma dinner when I got home yesterday.Acooks Bwas cooking Cis cooking Dwill cook【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:昨天当我到家的时候,我的祖母正在做晚饭。根据when I got home yesterday.可知,这里指的是昨天到家时,另一个动作正在发生,表示过去某个时刻正在
13、进行的动作,应该用过去进行时。其谓语动词的形式是:was/were doing,故选B。13Do you think if Tom _the work well tomorrow?I think he will if he _his best.Adoes, will try Bwill do, tries Cdoes, tries Dwill do, will try【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:-你认为明天Tom是否会把工作做好?-我认为如果他尽他的最大努力,他会做好的。does做,第三人称单数形式;will do将会做,一般将来时态;will try将会努力,一般将来时态;tries一般
14、现在时态,第三人称单数形式。根据句意可知,第一句话中if是“是否”,引导宾语从句,从句中有tomorrow,表示将来的事情,故用一般将来时态will do;第二句话if是“如果”,引导条件状语从句,从句中用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时态,主语是he第三人称单数,故用tries。选B。14She _on the phone,so I just smiled at her and went away.Ahas talkedBwas talkingCwill talkDis talking【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:她正在打电话,所以我只是朝她笑笑就走了。考查动词时态辨析。so所以,表结果;根据
15、so I just smiled at her and went away,可知她正在打电话,需用过去进行时,故选B。15Jack _ a shower when his mother rang him up.AtakesBhas takenCis takingDwas taking【答案】D【解析】句意:当他妈妈给他打电话的时候杰克正在洗澡。本句考查过去进行时态。“他妈妈打电话”是过去的时间,在过去某个时间正在进行的动作,使用过去进行时,故选D。16- _ all _ our class will visit Danying Garden?-Yes. Every student _ abou
16、t it.ADo.know; will tellBAre.known; has toldCHave.known; was toldDWill.know; told【答案】C【解析】句意:-大家都知道我们班要去参观丹樱花园了吗?-是的,每个学生都被告知了这件事。Doknow一般现在时态,一般疑问句形式;Areknown是一般现在时的被动语态;Have known现在完成时,一般疑问句形式;Willknow一般将来时,一般疑问句形式。will tell一般将来时;has told现在完成时;was told一般过去时的被动语态;told过去式。根据对话的意思可知,第一个空表示过去发生的事情对现在的
17、影响,应用现在完成时态;第二句话主语Every student和动词tell构成被动关系,应用被动语态,而且这个动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故选C。17We will go to Tiananmen Square to watch the raising of national flag if it _ tomorrow.Awill rainBrainsCdoesnt rainDwont rain【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:如果明天不下雨我们要去天安门广场看升国旗。根据句意及题干分析if引导的是条件状语从句,主句是一般将来时态,根据“主将从现”原则,if从句中应用一般现在时态,根据句
18、意是“不下雨”,所以选C。【考点定位】考查动词的时态。18 Alice in Wonderland _ for 15 days and many of us like the film very much.AbeginsBhas begunCbeganDhas been on【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:爱丽丝梦游仙境已经上映15天,我们当中很多人都非常喜欢这部电影。根据句中的for 15 days可知该用现在完成时,并且谓语动词必须是延续性动词。所以选D。考点:考查延续性动词。19_ you _ your homework yet?Yes, I _ it ten minutes ago.
19、ADid; do; finishedBHave; done; have finishedCHave; done; finishedDWill; do; finish【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:-你做你的家庭作业了吗?-是的,十分钟前我就完成了。根据yet结合句意可知前一句该用现在完成时;根据ten minutes ago可知后一句该用一般过去时。所以选C。考点:考查现在完成时与一般过去时。20Have you seen yesterdays TV play? I think Mary wont marry the rich man.I agree. Unless the man fina
20、lly _ his mind to help the poor.Achange Bchanges Cchanged Dwill change【答案】B【解析】句意:你看过昨天的电视剧吗?我想玛丽不会嫁给那个有钱人的。-我同意。除非这个人最终改变主意去帮助穷人。unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时态表将来,故答案为B。21-Its too noisy here. whats going on?-Oh, the noise comes from the boys. They_ a partyAHold Bare holding Cwere holding Dhave held【答案】B【解析
21、】【详解】句意:-这里太吵闹了,发生什么事了?-哦,噪音来自那些男孩,他们在举行聚会。hold举行,动词原形;are holding现在进行时,正在举行;were holding过去进行时;have held现在完成时。根据对话whats going on可知,他们在说的是现在正在发生的事情,应用现在进行时,故选B。22Mum, I want to watch Everlasting Classics on CCTV 1 tonight.Oh, dear, it for nearly twenty minutes. Come on!Awill beginBwill be onChas begu
22、nDhas been on【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:妈妈,今晚我想在中央电视台1台看永恒的经典。哦,天哪,已经开演了将近二十分钟了。加油!根据语境for a few minutes(几分钟)和come on,可知节目已经进行了几分钟并且现在还在演,故应用动词的现在完成时态(基本结构:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词)故可排除A和B;又由于begin是非延续性动词不能和for a few minutes搭配,而has been on(表示持续性的状态)故选D。23The young man _yellow _his keys in his office. Hes forgetful
23、and cant enter the house.Ain;leftBon;forgotCin;has leftDon;has forgotten【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意“穿黄色衣服的年轻人把他的钥匙落在他的办公室。他是健忘的并且他不能进入房子”。leave sth in+地点“把某物落在某地”;forget sth忘记某事。根据句意可知,in+颜色表示“穿颜色的衣服”,排除B和D;第二空处,根据Hes forgetful and cant enter the house可知,落钥匙的动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是他进不去房子,用现在完成时have done,故选C。24Its nic
24、e to see you again. We _ each other for a long time.Adidnt seeBhavent seenCwont seeDdidnt see【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:再次见到你很开心,我们已经好长时间没见了。本题考查的是时态,结合语境,此处指到现在为止有好久没有见面了,根据所给空后面的for a long time是现在完成时的标志词可知,应该用现在完成时,故答案选B。25Tom, why are you so busy? I _ some plans to work in an old peoples home this summer.Am
25、akesBam makingCmadeDhave made【答案】B【解析】句意:汤姆,你为什么这么忙?我正计划今年夏天在一家养老院工作。考查动词时态辨析题。I是第一人称,动词不可用三单形式,可排除A。根据句意语境,可知是正在计划的事情,需用现在进行时,需用be+现在分词结构,故选B。26-Did you hear someone knocking at the door just now, Tom?-No, I _ TV with my friend in my bedroom.Awas watchingBwatchedCam watchingDwatch【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:汤姆
26、,你刚才听到有人敲门了吗?没有,我和我的朋友正在卧室里看电视。考查过去进行时。A. was watching过去进行时;B. watched一般过去时;C. am watching现在进行时;D. watch观看,动词原形。根据句意“汤姆,你刚才听到有人敲门了吗?没有,我和我的朋友正在卧室里看电视。” 可推知刚才有人敲门时我和我的朋友正在卧室里看电视。所以该句强调的是过去某个时间正在进行和发生的动作,确定时态为过去进行时态,其构成为was/were现在分词,根据主语是I,故助动词用was,watch的现在分词为watching,故填was watching,故答案选A。27I didnt kn
27、ow when he back. He said he would call me when he home.Awill come; gets Bcame; gotCwould come; got Dcame; would get【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意为:我不知道他什么时候回来。他说他到家就会打电话给我。根据语境,前句是宾语从句,主句用一般过去时,从句应用表示过去的某种时态;后句是带有时间状语从句的宾语从句,从句中主句用过去将来时,从句应用一般过去时。结合选项可知应选C。考点:考查从句的时态用法。28- Do you know what time Daniel Xuzhou tomo
28、rrow?-At 2:00 p. m. I will meet him when he at the airport.Agets to; arrivesBwill get to; will arriveCwill get to; arrivesDgets to; will arrive【答案】C【解析】句意:你知道丹尼尔明天什么时候去徐州吗?下午2:00点。当他到达机场时我将与他会面。第一句是what time引导的宾语从句,主句是一般现在时,从句时态不受限制,结合tomorrow用一般将来时will+动词原形;第二句是when引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现的规则,所以从句用一般现在时,主语
29、是he,因此是arrives;结合选项,故答案选C。29The boy _ for her in the rain for nearly half an hour before she appeared.Awaits Bwaited Chas waited Dhad waited【答案】D【解析】句意:在她出现前,那个男孩已经在雨中等了接近半个小时了。因为before后用的是一般过去时,wait这个动作发生在appeared之前,也就是过去的过去,所以空格处应该用过去完成时。故选D。30Have you ever been to Singapore, Ann?Yes. I _ there for a week with my parents last year.Ahave gone Bhave been Cwent Dwas【答案】D【解析】句意:你去过新加坡吗,安?去过,去年我和父母在那里呆了一个星期。have/has gone to表示某人去了某地,现在还没有回来;have/has been to表示某人去了某地,现在已经回来了;但在肯定句中,它们都不能与表示一段的时间状语连用,went是go的过去式,为短暂性动词,在肯定句中也不能用一段时间状语连用,was there表示状态,可以与一段时间状语连用,答案为D。