1、人教版高中英语必修六词汇表（含教材例句及词汇用法讲人教版高中英语必修六词汇表（含教材例句及词汇用法讲 解）解） Book6 Unit 1 1. realistic /ri:lstk/ adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 2. abstract /bstrkt/ adj. 抽象的；深奥的 n. C摘要 3. sculpture /sklpt/ n. C 雕塑 What would you rather dopaint pictures, make sculptures, or design buildings?(P1) 你愿意做什么呢画画，做雕塑，还是设计大楼？ sculptor /sklpt
2、 / n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 4. gallery /glr/ n. C 美术陈列室；画廊 Do you ever visit art galleries? P1 你参观过艺术画廊吗？ 5. faith /fe/ n. U 信任；信心；信念 Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. (P1) 艺术受人们生活方式和信仰的影响。 6. consequently /knskwntl/ adv. 所以；因而 Consequently, this text will describe only the most important on
3、es, starting from the sixth century AD. (P1) 因此，本文只谈公元六世纪以来几种最重要的艺术风格。 7. aim /em/ n. C 目标；目的 During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. P2 在中世纪，画家的主要任务就是把宗教的主题表现出来。 8. conventional /knvennl/adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 A conventional artist of this period was not inte
4、rested in showing nature and people as they really were. (P2) 传统艺术家们无意于如实地展现自然界和人物。 9. typical /tpkl/ adj. 典型的；有代表性的 A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. (P2) 这段时期的绘画充满了宗教信条，着力于体现对上帝的爱戴与尊重。 10. evident /evdnt/ adj. 明显的；明白的 B
5、ut it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. (P2) 11. renaissance /rnesns/ n. 新生；复兴；复活 the Renaissance 文艺复兴（时期） During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held i
6、n the Middle Ages. (P2) 在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观取代了中世纪的那一套。 12. adopt /dpt/ vt. 采用；采纳；收养 People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. (P2) 人们开始较少地关注宗教，而采用了一种更人道主义的态度对待生活。 13. humanistic /hju:mnstk/ adj. 人道主义的 14. possess /pzes/ vt. 拥有；具有；支配 Rich people w
7、anted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. (P2) 富人们想拥有自己的画作，来装饰他们的宫殿和豪宅。 possession /pzen/ n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. (P2)
8、 他们高价聘请著名艺术家来为他们自己画画，画自己的房屋和其它财物，画他们 的活动，画他们的成就。 15. superb /su:p:b/ adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 Each room of the hotel has a superb view of the sea. 宾馆的每个房间都能将海景尽收眼底。 16. perspective /pspektv/ n. U透视画法；C透视图；观点 One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. (P2)
9、 在这个阶段，最重要的发现之一是如何用透视法来画出事物的形象。 17. technique /tekni:k/ n. U 技术;技能 This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. (P2) 在 1428 年，马萨乔成为第一个在绘画中使用透视法的人。 C方法；技巧 The artist combines different techniques in the same painting. 这位艺术家在同一幅画中把不同的画法结合在一起。 18. coincidence /knsdns/ n. C; U 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事等） 相
10、合 by coincidence 巧合地 By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.( P2) 巧合得是， 在这一时期油画也得到了发展， 这就使得色彩看上去更丰富、 更深沉。 19. masterpiece /m:stpi:s/ n. C 杰作；名著 Without the new paints and the new technique,we would not be able to s
11、ee the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. (P2) 没有新的颜料和透视画法，我们就欣赏不到这个时期的那么多的名画。 20. impressionism /mprenzm/ n. U印象主义；印象派 impressionist /mprenst/ adj. 印象派的 n. C 印象派艺术家 Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and
12、worked in Paris.( P2) 那些打破传统画法的人有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。 post-impressionist /pst- mprenst/ adj. 后印象派的 Post-impressionist paintings are on exhibition at the art gallery. 美术馆正在举行后印象派画展. 21. a great deal 大量(修饰不可数名词) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. (P2) 在十九世纪末期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化。 22. shadow / d/
13、 n. C; U 阴影；影子 They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. (P2) 他们想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影画出来。 23. ridiculous /rdkjls/ adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. (P2) 他们说这些画家在作画时心不在焉、粗枝大叶，他们的作品更是荒唐。 24. controv
14、ersial /kntrv:l/ adj. 争论的；争议的 At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial. (P2) 在印象派作品的创建时期，他们存在争议。 25. attempt /tempt/ vt. 尝试；企图 n. C; U努力；尝试；企图 On the one hand, some modem art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with
15、our eyes. (P2)一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象 的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们的眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来。 26. on the other hand 另一方面 On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. (P2) 另一方面，有些现代艺术作品太逼真了，看上去就像照片一样。 27. predict /prdkt/ vt. 预言；预告；预测 Who can predict what painting styles there will
16、be in the future?(P2) 谁能预测将来的艺术风格会是什么样子呢？ 28. landscape /lndskep/ n. C (常用单数)风景；景色 Impressionists painted landscapes. (P3) 印象派画家画风景画。 29. specific /spsfk/ adj. 确切的；特定的 based on general ideas rather than specific examples.(P4) 以普遍的观念而不是以特殊的例子为基础 30. figure /fg/ n. C 画像；身材；数字 31. clay /kle/ n. U 黏土 32
17、. critic /krtk/ n. C 评论家；批评者 Many were considered to be Van Goghs own work by important art critics. (P4) 许多画被权威的艺术评论家们认为是梵高本人的作品。 33. bronze /brnz/ n. U青铜；青铜色；C青铜制艺术品 34. marble /m:bl/ n. U 大理石 As the marble sculpture is too large for her garden, the housewife wont buy it. (P5) 这个大理石雕塑放在花园里太大了，所以这位
18、家庭主妇不会买它。 35. carve /k:v/ vt. 雕刻；刻记 36. delicate /delkt/adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 37. canvas /knvs/ n. U 帆布；C画布 38. caf /k fe/n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 If he has time, he always walks into the caf and asks for a cup of coffee. (P5) 如果有时间，他总会走进咖啡馆点上一杯咖啡。 39. allergic /l:dk/ adj. 过敏性的；对过敏的 I cant eat shellfish because I am
19、 allergic to them. (P5) 我不能吃贝类，因为我对此过敏。 40. effectively /fektvl / adv. 有效地 We know little about the disease, so we are not able to treat the patients very effectively.(P5) 我们几乎不了解这种疾病，所以无法给予病人有效的治疗。 41. exhibition /eksbn/ n. U 展览；陈列；C展览会 If he were, he would make a sculpture for the exhibition. (P5)
20、 如果他是雕塑家的话，他就会为展览会制作雕塑了。 【拓展】 42. aggressive /gresv/ adj. 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的 Sally is not an aggressive person. (P5) 萨莉不是一个好胜心强的人。 43. scholar /skl(r)/ n. C 学者 If Sam were here, he would be so excited about meeting a famous scholar in the flesh. (P5) 如果萨姆在这儿，他会很激动见到那位著名的学者本人。 44. flesh /fle/ n. U 肉；肌肉；(t
21、he )肉体 in the flesh 活着的；本人 45. geometry /dmtr/ n. U 几何学 If he were, he would help you with your geometry. (P5) 如果他在这儿，他会帮你学习几何。 46. bunch /bnt/ n. C 束；串( of sth) If we knew it, we would send her a big bunch of flowers.( P5) 如果我们知道她的住址的话，就会给她送一大束花。 47. avenue /vnju:/ n. C林荫道；道路；大街 48. preference /pre
22、frns/ n. U 喜爱;偏爱 C偏爱的事物 Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented in this excellent collection. (P6) 弗兰克偏爱二十世纪以前的西方绘画作品， 这一点在他收藏的艺术珍品中得到了 很好的体现。 49. display /dsple/ vt. 展示；陈列；显露 These art works are not all displayed at the sametime.( P6) 这些艺术品
23、并不是同时展出的。 50. appeal /pi:l/ vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助；上诉 n. C; U 呼吁；恳求；上诉；申诉 U吸引力；感染力 appeal to （对某人）有吸引力；（使某人）感兴趣 It will appeal to those who love Impressionist andPost-impressionist paintings. (P6) 它对那些喜欢印象派和后印象派作品的人有很大的吸引力。 51. fragile /frdal/ adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的 When you walk into the gallery, you feel as if
24、you were inside a fragile, white esasell. (P6) 当你走进艺术画廊，你感觉好像置身于一个精致的白色贝壳中。 52. circular /s:kjl/ adj. 圆形的；环形的；循环的 There are no stairs, just a circular path. (P6) 展厅里没有楼梯，只有一条环形的小道。 53. metropolitan adj. 主要都市的；大城市的 Metropolitan Museum of Art (5th Avenue and 82nd Street) (P6) （纽约）大都会艺术博物馆 54. reputati
25、on /repjuten/ n. C; U 名声；名誉 The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection. (P6) 这家博物馆是美国收藏艺术品最多的一家。 55. civilization /svlazen/ n. U文明；文化；文明社会 This covers more than 5000 years of civilization from many parts of the world， including America, Europe, China, Egypt, other Aferic
26、an countries and South America. (P6) 它的艺术收藏品涵盖了 5000 多年来世界上众多国家的文明史,包括美洲，欧洲， 中国，埃及，其它的非洲国家以及南美洲。 56. Egypt /i:dpt/ n. 埃及（东北非国家） Egyptian /dpn/ adj. 埃及的；埃及人的 n.埃及人 57.visual /vul/ adj. 视觉的；看得见的 The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art. (P6) 这家博物馆展出的不仅仅是艺术品。 58. fragrant /fregrnt/
27、 adj. 香的；令人愉快的 You can visit an Egyptian temple, a fragrant Minggarden, a typical room in an 18th century house and many other special exhibitions. (P6) 你可以看到埃及的庙宇，明朝的御花园，18 世纪法国豪宅中的住房以及许多其 它特殊展品。 59. contemporary /kntemprri/ adj. 当代的；同时代的 The Whitney holds an excellent collection of contemporary Am
28、erican painting and sculpture. (P6) 惠特尼博物馆藏有极好的当代美国画和雕塑品。 60. permanent /p:mnnt/ adj. 永久的；持久的 There are no permanent displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time. (P6) 馆内没有永久的展出，展品都是随时更换的。 61. district /dstrkt/ n. C 区；区域；行政区 what kind of art works people in your district produce and w
29、ould like to display? 你们那个区域的人们创作展出什么样的艺术作品? 62. committee /kmt/ n. C 委员会 63. signature /sgnt/ n. 署名；签字 Book6 Unit 2 1. poetry /ptr/n. U诗（总称）；诗意 These little poems and songs might have been some of the first poetry you learned. (P9) 这些小诗歌也许是你学的最早的诗 2. tick /tk/ vt. 给标记号 Skim the poems on the followi
30、ng pages and tick the correct box(s) for each question. (P9) 略读以下诗歌并在每一个问题的正确的方框内做上标记。 3. rhyme /ram/ n. C押韵的词，押韵的诗 These rhymes like the one on the right (A) are still a common type of childrens poetry. (P10) 像右边的这首童谣（A）至今仍然是常见的儿童诗。 4. convey /knve/ vt. 传达；运送 Others try to convey certain emotions.
31、( P10) 有些诗则是为了传达某种感情。 5. emotion /mn/ n. C; U 情感；情结；感情 6. nursery /n:sr/ n. C 托儿所 nursery rhyme 童谣 Some of the first poetry a young child learns in English is nursery rhymes. (P10) 最早用英文写的诗是童谣。孩子们很小就学习童谣。 7. concrete /kkri:t/ adj. 具体的 n.U混凝土；具体物 The language is concrete but imaginative. ( P10) 语言具体而
32、又富有想象力。 8. repetition n. 重复；反复；循环 They delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition.( P10) 他们很让孩子们高兴，因为他们押韵，有很强的韵律和很多重复。 9. contradictory /kntrdktri/ adj. 引起矛盾的；好反驳的 The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and reci
33、te. (P10) 这些诗歌好像并没有什么意义，甚至好像自相矛盾，但是它们很容易学，也容易 背。 10. hush /h/ vi. melted, molten） 融化；溶化；软化 37. brimful /brmfl/ adj. 盈满的；满到边际的 The whole village is brimful of happy children. (P11) 整个村庄充满着欢乐的儿童。 38. in particular 尤其；特别 Did you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry - Tang p
34、oems from Chinain particular? (P11) 你知道说英语的人也喜欢其它形式的亚洲诗，特别是中国的唐诗吗？ 39. eventually /ventul / adv. 最后；终于 With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own. (P11) 有那么多的诗歌形式供选择，学生们也许最终想要自己写诗。 40. await /wet/ vt. 等候；期待 Where she awaits her hus
35、band, on and on the river flows. (P11) 望夫处，江悠悠。 41. transform /trnsf:m/ vi. U 交换；交流；互换 vt. 酒精中毒的 3. abuse /bju: z/ n. U滥用；虐待 vt. 滥用；虐待 Drug abuse (P17) 吸毒 4. fitness /ftns/ n. U 健康 Physical fitness (P17) 身体健康 5. sexual /sekul/ adj. 性的；性别的 Sexual health (P17) 性健康 6. stress /stres/ n. C; U 压力；重音 vt. 加
36、压力于；使紧张；强调；重读 7. obesity /bi:st/ n. U（过度）肥胖；肥胖症 8. adolescent /dlesnt/ n. C 青少年 adj. 青春期的 Why do you think some adolescents start smoking? (P17) 你认为一些青少年吸烟的原因是什么呢？ 9. ban /b n/ vt. 禁止；取缔（banned; banned）n. C 禁令；谴责 Do you think smoking should be banned? (P17) 你认为应该禁止吸烟吗？ 10. due /dju:/ adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期
37、的 due to 由于 I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. (P18) 我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。 11. tough /tf/ adj. 困难的；强硬的 I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop. (P18) 我知道，吸烟容易戒烟难。 12. addicted /dktd/ adj. 入了迷的；上了瘾的（不用于名词前） addicted to 对有瘾 You see,
38、during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes. (P18) 你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子时，也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。 13. nicotine /nkti:n/n. 尼古丁 First, you can become physically addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes. (P18) 首先，你的身体对尼古丁有瘾。尼古丁是香烟里几百种化学物质之一。 14. accustom /kst
39、m/ vt. 使习惯于 accustomed /kstmd/ adj. 惯常的；习惯了的 accustomed to 习惯于 This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.(P18) 这就意味着过了一段时间之后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。 15. withdrawal /wdr:l/ n. U戒毒（或脱瘾）过程 So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symptoms. P18 所以当你的体内没有这种麻
40、醉剂了，你就会产生脱瘾症状。 16. bad-tempered /bdtempd/ adj. 脾气暴躁的；易怒的 I remember feeling bad-tempered and sometimes even in pain. (P18) 我记得当时感觉脾气暴躁，有时甚至感到很痛苦。 17. automatic /:tm tk/ adj. 无意识的；自动的 automatically /:tm tkl/ adv. 无意识地；自动地 As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it a
41、utomatically. (P18) 你知道，如果你反反复复做同一件事情，你就会自动地做它。 18. mental /mentl/ adj. 精神的；智力的（常用于名词前） mentally /mentl/ adv. 精神上；智力上 Lastly, you can become mentally addicted. (P18) 最后，上瘾还有心理上的原因。 19. quit /kwt/ vt. 停止（做某事）；离开 I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. (P18) 我想我上瘾是有这三方面的原因的
42、，因此要戒烟就很难。 20. effect /fekt/ n. C; U结果；效力 When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking. (P18) 在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我了解的并不多。 21. lung /l/ n. C 肺 I didnt know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples
43、 to become pregnant. (P18) 例如， 我不知道吸烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力 会下降。 22. pregnant /pregnnt/ adj. 怀孕的 23. abnormal /bn:ml/ adj. 畸形的；异常的（反义词 normal） I certainly didnt know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal in some way.( P18) 我当然不知道他们的孩子一出生体重就会较轻，甚至在某种程度上畸形。 24. breathles
44、s /brel s/adj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的 I also noticed that I became breathless quickly, and that I wasnt enjoying sport as much. (P18) 我也注意到我一运动，很快就上气不接下气地，而且也不像以前那么爱运动了。 25. unfit /nft/ adj. 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的 When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking. (P18
45、) 当我因为身体不健康而被足球队除名后，我知道到了我该戒烟的时候了。 26. strengthen /stren/ vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强 vi. 变强 It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve. (P18) 也许对你戒烟有所帮助。 27. resolve /rzlv/ n. U 决心；决定 28 decide on/ upon 对作出决定 Decide on a day to quit. (P19) 确定一个开始戒烟的日子。 28. packet /pkt/ n. C 小包；小盒 Then throw away your
46、last packet of cigarettes. (P19) 然后把你最后一包香烟扔掉。 29. feel like (doing) 想要（做） Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. (P19) 每次当你想要吸烟的时候，就提醒自己你已经是个不吸烟的人了。 30. relaxation /ri:lksen/ n. U 放松；松弛 Do some relaxation exercises every time you feel stressed. (P19
47、) 每当你感到有压力时，就做一些放松运动。 31. desperate /desprt/ adj. 绝望的，拼命的 If you feel desperate, you might like to talk to a doctor a chemist about something to help you, like nicotine chewing gum. (P19)如果你感到非常难受，可以找医生或药 剂师谈谈，帮你想点办法，像尼古丁口香糖之类的东西。 32. chemist /kemst/ n. C药剂师；化学家 33. gum /gm/ n.U 树胶 chewing gum /tu:
48、gm / n. U口香糖 34. disappointed /dspntd/ adj. 失望的；沮丧的 Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking. (P19) 如果你尝试多次之后才能最终戒烟，也不要感到失望。 35. weaken /wi:kn/ vi. （对某事的决心）动摇；减弱 vt. （使）变弱 If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed . ( P19) 如果你因意志薄弱而又吸烟了，也不要觉得难为情。 36. as
