初中英语八种时态归纳复习.doc

1、 初中英语八种时态归纳复习初中英语八种时态归纳复习 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我 们就归纳复习一下這几种时态。 一、一般现在时：一、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：be 动词；行为动词 否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 dont,如主语为第三

2、人称单 数，则用 doesnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首； 用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does，同时，还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时：二、一般过去时： 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

3、基本结构：be 动词； 行为动词 否定形式：was/were+not; 在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首； 用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时：三、现在进行时： 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首。 四、过去进行时：四、过去进行时： 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进

4、行的行为或动作。 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time 或 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 基本结构：was/were+doing 否定形式：was/were + not + doing. 一般疑问句：把 was 或 were 放于句首。 五、现在完成时：五、现在完成时： 概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状 态。 时间状语：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc. 基本结构：have/has + done

5、 否定形式：have/has + not +d one. 一般疑问句：have 或 has。 六、过去完成时：六、过去完成时： 概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去 的过去”。 时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc. 基本结构：had + done. 否定形式：had + not + done. 一般疑问句：had 放于句首。 七、一般将来时： 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, m

6、onth, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do. 否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：be 放于句首；will/shall 提到句首。 八、过去将来时： 概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc. 基本结构：wa

7、s/were/going to + do；would/should + do. 否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do. 一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首；would/should 提到句首。 . 几种常見时态的相互轉换 英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相轉换，以下是几种常見的轉换形式： 一、一般过去时与现在完成时的轉换 在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语連用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用別的表达方式： 瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对應的延续性动

8、词 及短语，与一段时间連用；瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表 示“自从以来有时间”的意思， 主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看： A. He joined the League two years ago. B. He has been in the League for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League. D. Two years has passe

9、d since he joined the League. 二、一般现在时与现在进行时的轉换 在一般现在时中，at 加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如 at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课） 等。此短语可与进行时态轉换。请看： Peter is at work, but Mike is at play. Peter is working, but Mike is playing. 三、现在进行时与一般将来时的轉换 在现在进行时态中 go, come, leave, start, arrive 等动词常与表示将来的时间状语連用表示将要发生 的动作。如：I am coming,

10、 Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看： The train is leaving soon. The train will leave soon. 四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的轉换 “be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语 中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词 shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用 will。请看： We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. We shall visit the Great

11、 Wall next Sunday 一般现在时一般现在时 1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8

12、. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill.

13、Im staying in bed. 一般过去时一般过去时 1.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 2. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So he _ (get ) up late. 3. Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning. 4. There _ (be) no one here a moment ago. 5. I _ (call) Mike this morning. 6. I listened but _ (hear) no

14、thing. 7. Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. 8. Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. 9. My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday. 10. She watches TV every evening. But she _ (not watch) TV last night. 11_ your father _ ( go ) to work every day last year? 12-What time _ you _ (get) t

15、o Beijing yesterday? -We _ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening. 13. What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now? 一般将来时一般将来时 ( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt w

16、orking C. isnt going to working D. wont work ( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. _ you _ free tomo

17、rrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?_. （不，不要。 ） A.

18、 No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please. ( ) 8. Where is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get 现在进行时现在进行时 1）Jack is_with Jim.T hey are good_. A:running;friend; B: running;friends; C:runing;friends D:run;friends 2）Look! Mary_d

19、oing_homework. A:is;ones B:is;her C:are;his D:are;her 3）The Greens_supper now. A:is having B:are;having C:is haveing D:are;having 4）The children are_ TV. A:watch B:seeing C:watching D:reading 5）Are the boys looking at the blackboard? Yes, they_. A:arent B:do C:dont D:are 6）Theres _girl,s he is very

20、tall. A:second B:two C:a second D:all second 过去进行时过去进行时 1.My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding 2. Tom _ into the house when no one _. A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looked C. slipped, had

21、 looked D. was slipping, looked 3.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking 4.I don t think Jim saw me; he _ into space. A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared 5.I first met Lis

22、a three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked 6.-Hey, look where you are going! -Oh, I m terribly sorry._. A. I m not noticing B. I wasn t noticing C. I haven t noticed D. I don t notice 将来进行时将来进行时 1.They with us for the time bei

23、ng . A. will stay B. would stay C. have been staying D. will be staying 2.The car at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about ten oclock tonight . A. would go B. went C. will be going D. goes 3.Smith will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because A. he must have a

24、 class B. he will be teaching a class C. he teaches a class D. he will have been teaching a class 4.He his meals in the hotel when he lives here. A.will have been eating B.will be eating C.will have eaten D.will be eaten 5.This time next week Ill be on vacation .Probably I on. A.am lying B. have lai

25、n C.will have lain D.will be lying 现在完成时现在完成时 1. Mr. Dong _ actually _ in Kowloon Walled City since he was very young. A. have lived B. haslived C. havelive D. has living 2. -Do you know Yao Ming very well? -Of course !.I _a lot of news about him on TV so far. A. read B. am reading C. have read D. r

26、eads 3. -Now Nanjing is so beautiful that I cant recognize it when I came back. -Yes. Great changes _ in the past ten years. A. has taken place B. have taken place C. took place D. take place 4.-Where is my English book ? -I _it here but I cant find it now. A. putted B. have just put C. was putting

27、D. am putting 5. Its 7:30. I cant believe you _ cooking dinner yet, Sandy. A. didnt start B. havent started C. dont start D. wont start 6. Mother _me a new coat yesterday. I _ it on. It fits me well. A. had madehave tried B. madehave tried C. has madetried D. madetried 过去完成时过去完成时 1I lost the book I

28、Ahave bought Bbought Chad bought Dhad been bought 2The bus had gone when I at the bus stop Ahave arrived Barrived Chad arrived Dam arriving 3Tom of visiting his grandmother，but the bad but the bad weather made him change his mi Ahas thought Bthought Chad thought Dhad been thought 4Did you meet Tom a

29、t the airport？ No，he by the time I there Ahas left；got Bhad left；arrived Cleft；arrived Dleft；had got 5Why didnt Tom attend the meeting yesterday？ He Beijing Ahas gone to Bhad gone to Cwent to Dhad been to 综合训练题综合训练题 1. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 2. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 3. The c

30、hild often _(watch) TV in the evening. 4. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 5. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday. 6 We often _ (play) in the playground. 7. He _ (get) up at six oclock. 8. _ you _ (brush) your teeth every morning? 9. What _(do) he usually _ (do) after school? 10

31、. Danny _ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school. 11. Mike sometimes _ (go) to the park with his sister. 12. At eight at night, she _ (watch) TV with her parents. 13. _ Mike _ (read) English every day? 14. How many lessons _ your classmate _ (have) on Monday? 15.What time _ his mo

32、ther _ (do) the housework? 16. There _ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be) 17. There _( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家乡) in 1940. 18. There _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there? 20. 21. Did she _ (have) supper at home? 22. Jack _ (not clean) the room just now. 23. _ (be

33、) it cold in your city yesterday? 24. How many people _ (be) there in your class last term? 25. It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside. 26. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it 27. Last year the teacher _ (tell) us that the earth

34、 moves around the sun. 28. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be) ( ) 1. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 2. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 3. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birth

35、day. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving ( ) 4. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 5. He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 6. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.

36、A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine ( ) 7.-Do you have a red pen? Which of the following is wrong? -_. A:Yes; I have one B:Yes,I have it C:Yes,I do D:Sorry,I dont ( ) 8.-Excuse me. May I borrow a pen, please? -_. A:It doesnt matter; B:Thank you; C:Certainly,here you are; D:Not at

37、 all. ( ) 9. The boy is late for class. So he says tO the teacher,“_“. A:Im sorry B:Excuse me, May I come in? C:Let me in, D:I dont want to be late. ( ) 10. I dont want a red apple. I want_. A:green apple B:a green C:a green one D:one green ( ) 11. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors

38、 tomorrow? No, _ （不去）. A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont. ( ) 12. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it. A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel ( ) 13. I _ my breakfast when the morning post came. A. had B. had been having C

39、. have been having D. was having ( ) 14.When I arrived at his office, he _ on the phone. A. was speaking B. spoke C. had been speaking D. had spoken ( ) 15. What s the matter, Ali? You look sad. Oh, nothing much. As a matter of fact, I _ of my friends back home. A. just thought B. have just been thi

40、nking C. was just thinking D. have just thought ( ) 16.I wont be able to watch the concert on TV because I homework at that time. A.shall have done B.shall be doing C.shall do D.shall have doing ( ) 17.I my father-in law at three this afternoon. A.shall be seeing B.shall be seen C.shall have been se

41、eing D.shall have seen ( ) 18. He _to draw horses already. When _ he learn? Last year A.learnedhas B. learneddid C. has learnedhas D. has learneddid ( ) 19. Tom _up into the tree. Look, he _ high up there ! A. has getis B. has climbedwas C. got was D. climbedis ( ) 20. _ you _ the text _ ? Yes, we _

42、 it two hours ago. A. Didcopyyetdid B. Havecopiedalreadyhave C. Havecopiedyetdid D. Did copyeverhad ( ) 21. -Have you got the plan ready _? -No,_. A. already , not yet B. yet , not yet C. already , I havent D. ever , not yet ( ) 22I to come to help you But you didnt come Ahave meant Bhad meant Cmeant Dwill mean ( ) 23Finally Mary was admitted by Beijing University，for which she five times Ahad tried Bwas trying Chas tried D.tried ( ) 24I have bought you the books you want Oh，good，I afraid you had forgotten Awas Bam Chad been Dhave been