1、 第 1 页 共 5 页 一、 重点词语重点词语 toy animals 玩具动物 boys and girls 男孩女孩 like sth./doing sth. 喜欢做某事 like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 run with sb. 跟着某人跑 on the mat 在地毯上 a cute cat 一只可爱的猫 on the log 在木头上 make a fruit salad 做水果沙拉 how many 多少？（可数名词） how much 多少？（不可数名词） a cake with cherry 一块带樱桃的蛋糕 toy car 玩具小汽车 play table ten
2、nis 打乒乓球 so funny 很开心 have a look 看一看 have a try 试一试 have a rest 休息一下 be sad 伤心 play football 踢足球 very well 很好 in the livingroom 在客厅 on the sofa 在沙发上 in the kitchen 在厨房 behind the door 在门后 fly a kite 放风筝 ride bike 骑自行车 at the snack bar 在小吃店 a cup of 一杯 a glass of 一杯(玻璃杯) order food 点餐 three glasses
3、of juice 三倍果汁 well done 做得好 in summer 在夏天 tall and thin 又高又瘦 二、 近义词辨析近义词辨析 1. some, any 都表示一些，some 用在肯定句，any 用在疑问句和否定句；但在有些疑问句中，如果希望得到肯定的 回答，则也可以用 some。如： I have some books. I dont have any books. Do you have any books? Would you like some milk? 2. too,either 都表示“也” ，too 用在肯定句，either 用在否定句，二者都用在句末。
4、三、 常用句型常用句型 1、 I like cats. I dont like dogs. 2、 Would do you like ? 表示征求对方意见，希望对方做某事 Yes, please. No. thanks. What would you like? I would like some juice. / Some juice. like 的用法 表示喜欢：及物动词 like sth./sb.(宾格) 如 like eggs, like cats，like her, like him like to sth.：喜欢做某事；表示某一次的喜欢 like doing sth. ：喜欢做某事
5、；表示经常性的喜欢做某事 I like swimming. I like to go to swim with you today. Do you like cats? I dont like dogs. 表示想要，及物动词 Would you like ? I would like to do sth. = I want to do sth. 苏教牛津版四年级英语上学期知识点整理 第 2 页 共 5 页 Would you like some eggs? I would like to go shopping with. 介词：be like, look like，怎么样，看起来怎么样，用于
6、表示人的外貌和人品 How is he like? 他这个人怎么样？ He is like a teacher. She looks like a doctor. The girl looks like her father. 3、 I have a cake here. I have three books. Do you have a pencil? He does not have a pen. I have three books and a pencil case in my schoolbag. I have . I have sth. + 表示地点的介词短语 have 的用法 表
7、示“有” ，表示某物归属某人所有 I have a cake here. I have three books. Do you have a pencil? He does not have a pen. have 与动词同形的名词连用，表示一种动作 have a rest, have a try, have a talk, 吃，喝 have breakfast, have some eggs, have some water I have a few eggs and some milk for breakfast. 4、 It is cute. 形容词做表语 They are cute a
8、nd fat. 形容词做表语 They are in the box. 介词短语做表语 He is here. 副词做表语 5、 What about you? How about you? 6、 How are you? I am hungry. 用形容词做表语的句子回答 7、 Where is my bag? It is on the table./ On the table. where 对地点提问，常用介词短语做表语的句子回答。 8、 Can I help you？表示请求对方允许自己做某事 9、 描述外貌的句子： His nose and mouth are small. His h
9、air is long. Her eyes are big. 10、 Five men live near the river. The person under the tree is our teacher. 如果短语修饰一个词，那么短语放在被修饰词的后面。 11、 They are for my sister. This is for you. 介词 for 在这里的意思是“给” ，介词短语做了表语 四、 重点语法重点语法 1 1、 冠词基本用法冠词基本用法 第 3 页 共 5 页 冠词放在名词前面，用来帮助说明名词所表示的人或事物。冠词不能单独使用。冠词放在名词前面，用来帮助说明名词所
10、表示的人或事物。冠词不能单独使用。 冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种： 不定冠词：不定冠词：a/an，用在可数名词单数前面，以辅音音素开头的名词前面用 a，以元音音素开头的 名词前面用 an； 如：a student, a man, an apple, an American, a university, a useful book, an unhappy day 定冠词：定冠词：the，用于特指，一般的可数名词和不可数名词都可用定冠词修饰； 如：the students, the cinema, the sun, in the east 冠词的位置冠词的位置： 在名词词组中，冠词一般放在最前面；
11、如：a book, an old blue car, the last few days, the owner of a shop 名词词组里如果有 all, both, exactly, many, twice, half, quite, such, what 等词，这些词可以放在 冠词前面； all the students, both the sisters, half an hour, twice a week, such a good boy 不定冠词的用法不定冠词的用法 1.1 基本用法基本用法 表示数量“一”或者“任何一个” 、 “某一个” I bought a dictiona
12、ry and two pens. Give me a book. a Sunday of July 对专有名词和抽象名词也有同样效果 A Mr. Black called you this morning. Many people had to leave Ireland for a better life. Lets have a discussion on it. Youd better have a good rest. The play was a great success. 第一次提到某人或某物； One day, an pld women went into a shop wit
13、h her grandson. At that time, I was working in a factory. 说明名词所代表的人或物属于哪一类，表示泛指和概括整体； He is a teacher. All these things are not a healthy diet. A teacher must love his students. = Teachers must love their students. 1.2 习惯用法（固定用法）习惯用法（固定用法） 如：have a good time, have a rest, go out for a walk 定冠词的用法定冠词
14、的用法 几乎所有的名词前面都可以加定冠词 the，究竟用不用定冠词，取决我们所要表达的意思。 2.1 基本用法基本用法 如果我们要给名词以明确的、限定的、特指的意义，就要用 the. 前面已经提过的在以后提到时一般都要加 the He wrote a book during the year 533-544. The book is about farming and gardening. 说话双方都知道的 Open the window please. 第 4 页 共 5 页 表示特指：有限制性成分对名词加以明确、限定时，要加 the，这时名词的含义被缩小到一 个特定的范围表示特指。 这些限
15、制性的成分主要有： 形容词：the good old days, the spoken language, the same class 限定性定语从句： We will visit the factory whick makes minibuses. These ladders were not long enough to reach the people who were trapped. 介词短语：the language in England, the lights in our cars 分词和分词短语： Sometimes, the language spoken in Amer
16、ica changed. The firefighters reached the burning building. 单数可数名词前加 the 代表一类人或物的整体，以区别其他人或物 The train goes faster than the bus. = A train goes faster than a bus. = Trains go faster than buses. The cat is a natual enemy of a mouse. = A cat is a natural enemy of a mouse. = Cats are natural enemies of
17、 mice. 有的时候含 the, a/an 和复数形式的句子之间不能互换，比较下面的句子： Who invented the radio? Who had a radio? 形容词、分词前加 the 代表一类人或物 the old, the blind, the deaf(聋子), the young, the impossible(不可能的事情)等。 世界上独一无二的名词前加 the the sun, the moon, the earth, the east/north/west/south, the sky, the space 但是，这些名词前加上形容词表示某种属性或者特色时，用不定
18、冠词 a/an： a brilliant sun, a blue sky 演奏乐器前加 the play the piano/violin 序数词、形容词、副词最高级前加 the the longest river, the strongest animal, the first person 表示方向或者方位的名词前：the east, the south, the left 用在姓氏的复数名词前面，表示一家人：the Greens 格林一家人（或者格林夫妇） 2.2 习惯用法（固定用法）习惯用法（固定用法） write with the left hand, hit in the face
19、, tell the truth, go to the cinema 等等 零冠词用法零冠词用法 所谓零冠词就是不用冠词的情况。 一般专有名词：人名、国家、月份、星期、时间、日期、地名等 特殊的：the U.S.A, the Great Wall 名词前有指示代词、人称代词、所有格以及 some, any, every, each, no 等词，不用冠词 含有普通名词的专有名词：广场名、车站名、公园名、大学名、节日、杂志名等等 抽象名词表示一般抽象概念的时候： He likes science. The panda was in great danger. 在三餐、球类、学科、娱乐运动前不加冠
20、词：play chess, have dinner 第 5 页 共 5 页 复数名词、不可数名词表示泛指的时候，不加冠词 和姓氏连用表示官职、职位、头衔的时候不加冠词：President Trump, Professor Wang 2、 情态动词情态动词 can 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词后面必须要接动词原形。 情态动词 can 意思是会做某事，表示拥有某种技能。can 的过去式是 could 肯定句：主语+can+动词原形+其他 I can make a kite. 否定句：主语+can not/cant+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句：Can+主语+动词原形+其他 Yes, can. No, cant. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他 What can you do? 用于否定的推测，意思是“不可能是” Is this his coat? It cant be. His coat is blue. 3、 名词单复数名词单复数 略。
