1、课前欣赏:课前欣赏:高山流水高山流水伯牙绝弦,讲的是知音难求的一个故事,伯牙绝弦,讲的是知音难求的一个故事,俞伯牙与钟子期是一对千古传诵的至交俞伯牙与钟子期是一对千古传诵的至交典范。俞伯牙善于演奏,钟子期善于欣典范。俞伯牙善于演奏,钟子期善于欣赏。这就是赏。这就是“知音知音”一词的由来。后来一词的由来。后来钟子期因病亡故,俞伯牙悲痛万分,认钟子期因病亡故,俞伯牙悲痛万分,认为知音已死,天下再不会有人像钟子期为知音已死,天下再不会有人像钟子期一样能体会他演奏的意境。所以,终生一样能体会他演奏的意境。所以,终生不再弹琴了。不再弹琴了。伯牙伯牙 :名瑞,伯名瑞,伯牙是他的字,春牙是他的字,春秋战国时
2、期楚国秋战国时期楚国郢都(今湖北荆郢都(今湖北荆州)人州)人,晋国的晋国的上大夫,春秋时上大夫,春秋时著名的琴师,被著名的琴师,被人尊为人尊为“琴仙琴仙”。历代文献关于伯牙的记载颇多,最早见于荀况的劝学历代文献关于伯牙的记载颇多,最早见于荀况的劝学篇:篇:“昔者瓠昔者瓠(h)(h)巴鼓瑟,而沉鱼出听;伯牙鼓琴,而六巴鼓瑟,而沉鱼出听;伯牙鼓琴,而六马仰秣马仰秣”。用夸张的手法极言其音乐演奏的生动美妙。伯。用夸张的手法极言其音乐演奏的生动美妙。伯牙从小非常聪明,天赋极高,又很喜欢音乐,他的老师是牙从小非常聪明,天赋极高,又很喜欢音乐,他的老师是当时很有名气的琴师成连。当时很有名气的琴师成连。朗读
3、课文,注意停顿朗读课文,注意停顿 伯牙伯牙善善鼓琴,钟子期鼓琴,钟子期善听。伯牙鼓琴,志善听。伯牙鼓琴,志在高山,钟子期曰:在高山,钟子期曰:“善哉,峨峨兮善哉,峨峨兮若若泰山!泰山!”志志在流水,钟子期曰:在流水,钟子期曰:“善哉,洋洋兮善哉,洋洋兮若若江河!江河!”伯伯牙牙所念,钟子期所念,钟子期必得之。子期死,伯牙必得之。子期死,伯牙谓谓世世再无知音,乃再无知音,乃破琴破琴绝弦,终身绝弦,终身不复鼓。不复鼓。翻译课文翻译课文 结合课文下的注释,翻译课文。大家两人一组互相结合课文下的注释,翻译课文。大家两人一组互相翻译给对方听,找出你不理解的词语或句子,向老翻译给对方听,找出你不理解的词语
4、或句子,向老师求教。师求教。翻译课文翻译课文请同学来翻译课文,一人翻请同学来翻译课文,一人翻译一句,先把句子朗读一遍,译一句,先把句子朗读一遍,然后解释句中重点词语的意然后解释句中重点词语的意思,最后翻译整个句子。思,最后翻译整个句子。伯牙善鼓琴,钟子期善听。“善”,善于,擅长。伯牙善于弹琴,钟子期善于欣赏。伯牙鼓琴,志在高山,钟子期曰:“善哉,峨峨兮若泰山!”“善哉”,太好了。“峨峨”,高。“兮”,啊。“若”,好像。伯牙弹琴的时候,心里想到高山,钟子期(听了)说:“太好了!简直就像高大的泰山啊!”志在流水,钟子期曰:“善哉,洋洋兮若江河!”“洋洋”,广大。伯牙心里想到流水,钟子期说:“妙极了
5、!这琴声宛如奔腾不息的江河!”伯牙所念,钟子期必得之。“所念”,所想到的。“得”,懂得。不管伯牙心里想到什么,钟子期都能准确地道出他的心意。子期死,伯牙谓世再无知音,乃破琴绝弦,终身不复鼓。“谓”,觉得。“知音”,理解自己心意、有共同语言的人。“破琴”,把琴摔碎。“复”,再,重新。子期死后,伯牙觉得世界上再也找不到知音了,于是,他把琴摔碎,终身不再弹琴了。伯牙所念,钟子期必得之。念志想异字同意反复朗读,思考问题反复朗读,思考问题伯牙鼓琴,志在高山,钟子期伯牙鼓琴,志在高山,钟子期曰:曰:“善哉,峨峨兮若泰山!善哉,峨峨兮若泰山!”钟子期死了,伯牙再也没有了知音,钟子期死了,伯牙再也没有了知音,
6、再也没有人能真正欣赏自己的音乐,理解再也没有人能真正欣赏自己的音乐,理解自己的感受,所以他决定自己的感受,所以他决定“绝弦绝弦”。同时。同时他的举动也是对知音的悼念。他的举动也是对知音的悼念。“世再无知音”忆昔去年春,江边曾会君。今日重来访,不见知音人。但见一抔土,惨然伤我心!伤心伤心复伤心,不忍泪珠纷。来欢去何苦,江畔起愁云。子期子期兮,你我千金义,历尽天涯无足语,此曲终兮不复弹,三尺瑶琴为君死!高山高山泰山泰山流水流水江河江河(鼓琴)(鼓琴)(听)(听)伯牙伯牙子期子期知音知音绝弦绝弦作业布置作业布置 1、背诵课文。2、课后搜集表现知音良朋的诗文和名言名句。俞伯牙、钟子期相传为春秋时代人。
7、关于他俞伯牙、钟子期相传为春秋时代人。关于他们二人成为知音的传说,们二人成为知音的传说,列子列子吕氏春秋吕氏春秋等古书均有记载,也流传于民间。我国古诗常有等古书均有记载,也流传于民间。我国古诗常有提起,如:提起,如:“借问人间愁寂意,伯牙弦绝已无借问人间愁寂意,伯牙弦绝已无声。声。”、“高山流水琴三弄,明月清风酒一高山流水琴三弄,明月清风酒一樽。樽。”、“钟期久已没,世上无知音。钟期久已没,世上无知音。”。明代。明代小说家冯梦龙根据这个传说创作了小说家冯梦龙根据这个传说创作了俞伯牙摔琴俞伯牙摔琴谢知音谢知音,收在,收在警世通言警世通言中。中。由于这个传说,人们把真正了解自己的人叫由于这个传说,
8、人们把真正了解自己的人叫做知音。用做知音。用“高山流水高山流水”比喻知音难觅或乐曲高比喻知音难觅或乐曲高妙。妙。农人种菜,得一萝卜,其大如桶。献诸国王,农人种菜,得一萝卜,其大如桶。献诸国王,国王喜,厚赐之。国王喜,厚赐之。富人闻之,曰:富人闻之,曰:“萝卜何足宝,我以宝石献王,萝卜何足宝,我以宝石献王,获赐当更厚。遂以宝石献王。获赐当更厚。遂以宝石献王。”王曰:王曰:“汝之宝石诚宝也,我之萝卜亦宝也。汝之宝石诚宝也,我之萝卜亦宝也。汝以宝石献我,我无以为报,以萝卜赐汝,汝以宝石献我,我无以为报,以萝卜赐汝,可乎?可乎?”富人不敢违,遂抬萝卜而去。富人不敢违,遂抬萝卜而去。绝:断绝。绝:断绝。
9、善:擅长,长于。善:擅长,长于。鼓:弹。鼓:弹。念:心里所想的。念:心里所想的。必:一定,必定。必:一定,必定。乃:就。乃:就。复:再,又。复:再,又。兮兮:语气词,相当于语气词,相当于“啊啊”。若:像。若:像。谓:认为。谓:认为。知音:理解自己心意,有共同语言的人。知音:理解自己心意,有共同语言的人。洋洋:广大。洋洋:广大。峨峨峨峨:高。高。善哉善哉:语气词,表示语气词,表示“好啊好啊”。志在高山志在高山:心里想到高山。心里想到高山。曹 冲 称 象一一杆秤杆秤gn chng gn 笔杆笔杆 枪杆枪杆 gn 旗杆旗杆 栏杆栏杆杆杆称称称称:测定重量:测定重量秤秤:测定物体重量的器具:测定物体重
10、量的器具 称象称象谁称象谁称象?为什么要称象为什么要称象?这头大象长得怎么样?这头大象长得怎么样?用什么办法称象?用什么办法称象?结果怎么样?结果怎么样?PPT模板: PPT课件: 1、读一读、读一读 读读课文第四自然段读读课文第四自然段2 2、划一划、划一划 用波浪线划出曹冲称象的办法用波浪线划出曹冲称象的办法3 3、说一说、说一说 用用“先先然后然后再再最后最后”等词等词 说说曹冲想出的办法说说曹冲想出的办法4 4、想一想、想一想 和官员们的办法比,谁的办法更和官员们的办法比,谁的办法更 好?为什么?好?为什么?曹操的儿子曹冲才七岁,他站出来,说:曹操的儿子曹冲才七岁,他站出来,说:“我有
11、个办法。我有个办法。把大象赶到把大象赶到一艘大船上,看船身下沉多少,就沿着水面,在船一艘大船上,看船身下沉多少,就沿着水面,在船舷舷上画一条线。再把大象上画一条线。再把大象赶上岸,往船上装石头。装到船下沉到画线的地方为止,然后称一称船上的赶上岸,往船上装石头。装到船下沉到画线的地方为止,然后称一称船上的石头。石头。石头有多重,大象就有多重。石头有多重,大象就有多重。”曹冲想出了什么样的称象办法?曹冲想出了什么样的称象办法?赶象上船赶象上船船沉画线船沉画线装石到线装石到线称石累加称石累加 他叫人照曹冲说的方法去做,果然他叫人照曹冲说的方法去做,果然称出了大象的重量。称出了大象的重量。曹冲是怎样想
12、出称象的办法的?1 1、曹冲听了官员们议论造大秤的办法,想到了什么?曹冲听了官员们议论造大秤的办法,想到了什么?曹冲想:造大秤可不容易,不如用船来代替大秤,曹冲想:造大秤可不容易,不如用船来代替大秤,因为船能装很重很重的东西;即使造了大秤,也没有人因为船能装很重很重的东西;即使造了大秤,也没有人能提得起来,那就用水的浮力代替人的力气。能提得起来,那就用水的浮力代替人的力气。读读官员们提出的称象的方法,联系曹冲的办法,说说他的办法妙读读官员们提出的称象的方法,联系曹冲的办法,说说他的办法妙就妙在哪里?就妙在哪里?曹冲用心听别人的议论,积极动脑筋想办法。曹冲用心听别人的议论,积极动脑筋想办法。曹冲
13、善于观察和学习,知识丰富,知道船在水里下沉的曹冲善于观察和学习,知识丰富,知道船在水里下沉的程度与重量有关系。具有丰富的知识,肯动脑筋思考问题,程度与重量有关系。具有丰富的知识,肯动脑筋思考问题,就会变得聪明起来。就会变得聪明起来。你向曹冲学习什么?官员官员 柱子柱子 宰割宰割船舷船舷 果然果然 议论议论一杆秤一杆秤 一杆枪一杆枪读生字,分析字形组词语 称(称()船(船()柱(柱()杆(杆()秤(秤()舷(舷()住(住()竿(竿()作作 业业1、完成课后练习,会用、完成课后练习,会用“才才”“”“一边一边一边一边”造句。造句。2、把曹冲称象的故事讲给别人听。、把曹冲称象的故事讲给别人听。Wha
14、t we hope to achieve in the short and long run34%From 2014 59%From 2014 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
15、What we hope to achieve in the short and long runLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna34%From 2014 Lorem ipsu
16、m dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaWhat we hope to achieve in the short and long runLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consec
17、tetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna81,680Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
18、et dolore magnaLOREM IPSUM DOLOR AMET CONSECTETUR ELITLOREM IPSUM DOLOR AMET CONSECTETUR ELITLOREM IPSUM DOLOR AMET CONSECTETUR ELIT81,68081,680What we hope to achieve in the short and long run9,300Million3,500Million2,400MillionLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod
19、tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaWhat we hope to achieve in th
20、e short and long runLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt.LOREM
21、 IPSUM DOLOR AMET CONSECTETUR ELIT9,300MillionWhat we hope to achieve in the short and long runThe concepts national income and national product have roughly the same value and can be used interchangeably if our interest is in their sumAdd The TitleThe concepts national income and national product h
22、ave roughly the same value and can be used interchangeably if our interest is in their sumAdd The TitleThe concepts national income and national product have roughly the same value and can be used interchangeably if our interest is in their sumAdd The TitleThe concepts national income and national p
23、roduct have roughly the same value and can be used interchangeably if our interest is in their sumAdd The TitleWhat we hope to achieve in the short and long runThe concepts national income and national product have roughly the same value and can be used interchangeably ADD THE TITLEThe concepts nati
24、onal income and national product have roughly The concepts national income and national product have roughly The concepts national income and national product have roughly What we hope to achieve in the short and long run48%From 2014 52%From 2014 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing el
25、it,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum
26、 dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaWhat we hope to achieve in the short and long runCloud automaticThis is an example text.example text.go ahead and replace it.Visual graphicThis is an example text.example text.go ahead and replace
27、it.Date reliableThis is an example text.example text.go ahead and replace it.CoordinateThis is an example text.example text.go ahead and replace it.Team workThis is an example text.example text.go ahead and replace it.RigorousThis is an example text.example text.go ahead and replace it.What we hope
28、to achieve in the short and long runThe concepts national income and national product have roughly the same value and can be used interchangeably if our interest is in their sum total which is measured as the market value of the total output of goods and services of an economy in a given period,usua
29、lly a year.ADD THE TITLEADD THE TITLEThe concepts national income and national product have roughly ADD THE TITLEADD THE TITLEThe concepts national income and national product have roughly ADD THE TITLEADD THE TITLEThe concepts national income and national product have roughly ADD THE TITLEADD THE T
30、ITLEThe concepts national income and national product have roughly What we hope to achieve in the short and long run82%The concepts national income and national product have roughly+17,356,12376%The concepts national income and national product have roughly+17,356,12392%The concepts national income
31、and national product have roughly+17,356,12354%The concepts national income and national product have roughly+17,356,123What we hope to achieve in the short and long run20%50%30%The concepts national income and national product have roughlyADD THE TITLE The concepts national income and national prod
32、uct have roughly The concepts national income and national product have roughlyADD THE TITLE The concepts national income and national product have roughly The concepts national income and national product have roughlyADD THE TITLE The concepts national income and national product have roughlyWhat w
33、e hope to achieve in the short and long runNew YorrkNew Yorrk200Paris60London48Paris57London139Insert InfoLorem iosum DolorSit ametInsert InfoLorem iosum DolorSit ametWhat we hope to achieve in the short and long runLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incidi
34、dunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magnaLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 34%From 2014