1、 第1页/共9页 2023 北京东城高二（下）期末 英 语 2023.7 本试卷共本试卷共 10 页，共页，共 100 分。考试时长分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分 知识运用知识运用(共三节，共三节，40 分分)第一节第一节(共共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，共分，共 15 分分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Jeremy
2、 Locke,who owns a roofing and construction company,had always been wanting to 1 the roof of Jeanette MacDonalds home.Whenever he drove past the womans home,he 2 that another group of repairmen had taken on the job.But as weeks wore on,the roof continued to worsen without any 3 of repair.“I had it in
3、 my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community,Id love to,”said Locke to his wife.When Locke finally 4 MacDonald about fixing her roof for free,however,she politely turned him down because she did not like to accept 5 .She told Locke,“I applied for a government grant(补助金)to fix
4、the roof and Ill be more than happy to 6 you once the grant application was approved”.7 ,the approval never came.So Locke changed tactics(策略).The sympathetic construction worker played a/an 8 trick to make her accept his help.He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle(抽奖)that his business was holding fo
5、r a free roof.After MacDonald got one of the raffle tickets,Locke told her that she was the 9 .Not until the new roof was finished did MacDonald know that she was the only one who had entered the raffle.MacDonald said that she didnt know how to express her 10 to Locke,saying that he was her“guardian
6、 angel”.1.A.design B.repair C.decorate D.construct 2.A.announced B.acknowledged C.assumed D.appreciated 3.A.signs B.hope C.means D.need 4.A.went along with B.kept track of C.looked out for D.reached out to 5.A.charity B.apologies C.advice D.invitations 6.A.award B.thank C.trace D.hire 7.A.Unknowingl
7、y B.Naturally C.Unfortunately D.Gradually 8.A.unpleasant B.innocent C.mean D.cheap 9.A.joiner B.owner C.helper D.winner 10.A.gratitude B.generosity C.sympathy D.blessing 第二节第二节(共共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，共分，共 15 分分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 第2页/共9页 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A
8、In 2013,a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that 11 (find)on Norways Arctic island of Svalbard,far from its habitat.All that remained of the poor bear were“skin and bones”.Experts claimed that low sea ice levels 12 (cause)by climate change meant the bear could not hunt
9、seals as before,so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food.This 13 (alarm)case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earths ecology.B Dean Schneider leaves his life in Switzerland behind and goes to Africa 14 (pursue)his passion and make the world a better place.He
10、 was always fascinated by the animal world since he was a child.That is 15 he decided to form a club to help lions born in captivity(圈养).The name of the club is“Hakuna Mipaka”a Swahili expression meaning“no limits”.It develops from five core values that Dean tries hard to follow:16 (free),loyalty,ap
11、preciation,brotherhood,and boldness.C Construction of the Tower of Pisa began in 1173 17 Pisa was a center of power and wealth.But work was stopped several times because of wars.The eight-story tower was not completed until the late 1200s.The tower itself is made of marble(大理石)and 18 (weigh)16,000 t
12、ons.However,the leaning of the tower was not for its weights 19 for the soil underneath.The ground is 20 (soft)on one side than on the other.The south side has sunk 6.1 feet below ground level in the past centuries.The north side has sunk 12.3 feet!第三节第三节(共共 4 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，共分，共 10 分分)根据中文意思和括号
13、内所给的提示词，翻译下面句子。请在答题卡指定区域作答。21.在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煽炒过的红辣椒制成。(consist of)Americas most popular Chinese dish is General Taos chicken,_ fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce,flavoured with hot red peppers.22.警察问登山者为什么在遇到危险时他们延迟发出求救信息。(delay,send)The policeman asked the climbers _ SOS me
14、ssages when in danger.23.这些图片是水墨动画电影的代表。你看过这些电影吗?(representative)These pictures _ ink wash animation films.Have you seen any of them before?24.防止网络游戏控制青少年的生活至关重要。(prevent)It is essential _ from dominating a teenagers life.第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解(共两节，共两节，28 分分)第一节第一节(共共 9 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，共分，共 18 分分)阅读下列短文
15、，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Have you ever fantasized about how easy life would be with a personal assistant taking care of all the“little details”?Nowadays,you can get lots of the advantages of an AI assistant right on your phone or computer.Using any of these apps will help you impro
16、ve your efficiency and productivity with a single clickwhether you are at work or at 第3页/共9页 college,or anything else in between.So go forth and download the best AI assistants:Utter.AI If youve been looking for a better companion to help you with taking notes during meetings or lectures,Utter.AI is
17、 the right one.Utter.AI is an intelligent-dictation app which not only takes notes and records the audio but also transcribes the text and has a highlight summary.The app offers up to 600 minutes for free and has an Utter Pro subscription for$8.33/month.Nound Nound is the perfect voice assistant res
18、earching tool you need.It doesnt just allow you to search for the nearest subway,or what the weather will be like,with a further question or two you can get more in-depth results.Some reviews claim its the fastest and most intelligent app of its kind.Nound is a free app,but for$6.99 you can eliminat
19、e(清除)in-app ads and use some extra features.StayFocusd StayFocusd is a free browser extension that improves your productivity by blocking those distracting websites that stop you from working or studying.It gives you total control with the ability to block websites either by time and date,or by time
20、 limit.StayFocusd is a free Chrome extension.EasilyDo EasilyDo offers personal assistant services focused on communications.With just a few clicks you can customize your email notifications,back up important messages,organize your contacts,have junk and expired emails automatically deleted,and colle
21、ct attachments and receipts into one,fast-access location.Time.AI Before you can improve your productivity habits,you need to know where youre spending your time.Time.AI does exactly that.It records how much time youre spending on the different apps and websites.Once it has a full report it will sho
22、w you your statistics and tell you when youve been productive and when you havent.With the report,you can set daily“Focus Work”goals and it will keep track of it to make sure youre doing the work you want to do.Time.AI gives you a 30-day free trial and will give you a special price depending on your
23、 unique needs.25.Which of the following can offer help to locate an ideal hotel?A.Utter.AI.B.Nound.C.StayFocusd.D.EasilyDo.26.“Time.AI”is to help you _.A.take notes B.understand your needs C.keep focused D.detail your daily routine 27.The passage is written to _.A.emphasize the importance of AI assi
24、stants B.recommend some AI-powered apps C.offer advice to personal assistants D.explain the way apps work B In the middle of San Franciscos Golden Gate Park,Amanda Barrows carefully placed a wooden nightstand(床头柜)on the ground.She attached a sign reading,“Take a poem,leave a poem.”第4页/共9页 “Its compl
25、etely unexpected,”said Barrows,a park ranger(管理员)by day and a poet by night.“Im really taken aback by the outpouring of support.”Barrows has always considered herself a writer,so she enrolled in a class called Poetry for the People.The final project of the class is to find a way to“bring poetry into
26、 the community”.At first,Barrows struggled to land on an idea.Eventually,she realized that she could fuse her love for parks and her love for poetry.A coworker gave Barrows a weathered nightstand.She thought it would be the perfect tool for her project.She filled the drawer at the top with fresh pap
27、er and pens and added a box at the bottom for poems.To get the ball rolling,she asked her close friends to add their favorite poems to the drawer for people to take away.The poetry nightstand reminded her of Little Free Libraries.That project features bookstands stationed across the city.People can
28、leave and take books from little libraries.She only had a single nightstand to work with,so Barrows decided that she would leave it in a park for four days before moving it to a new location.San Franciscos Recreation and Park Department manages about 220 parks,and Barrows goal is to bring the poetry
29、 nightstand to all of them.Since the project started,people have added a wide range of writing.Barrows shares most of the submissions on social media.Some are clearly composed by kids,while others are more refined.People have also written poems in various languages.“I love to see different peoples h
30、andwriting and share their personal words,”Barrows said.The instructors of Poetry for the People said the nightstand fulfilled the main purpose of the project.Other students in the class wrote poetry on sidewalks with chalk.Another gave out poems disguised as parking tickets.Tanea Lunsford Lynx,a gu
31、est instructor for the class,says the project is“an invitation to slow down”.She believes that the old-fashioned nightstand stands out in a city that is filled with new technology.Barrows says she intends to“keep this going indefinitely,”and she hopes others will build off the project and contribute
32、 their own creativity.“It really is a community project,”Barrows said.“It belongs to all of us.”28.Why did Barrows put the nightstand in the park?A.To share poetry submissions.B.To follow Little Free Libraries.C.To advertise a poetry class.D.To complete a required task.29.What does the underlined wo
33、rd“fuse”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Combine.B.Reveal.C.Strengthen.D.Clarify.30.What do we know about Barrows project?A.It has involved 220 parks.B.It is popular on social media.C.It improves peoples handwriting.D.It makes poetry reach more people.C Overly technical language in science articles do
34、esnt just muddy the waters for non-expertsit can alienate readers,potentially shutting them out from scientific discussion and knowledge.Thats the conclusion of a study published in the Journal of Language and Social Psychology,and it applies to general-interest articles just as much as to scientifi
35、c papers.“When we have a hard time conceptualizing information,we become really scared of it,”says lead author Hillary Shulman,a communication researcher.Scientists can create“unnecessary barriers”with words,she says.The study involved 650 members of the general public who read paragraphs on three c
36、utting-edge topics:self-driving cars,robotic surgery and 3D bio-printing.The members are divided into two groups:for the experimental group,the 第5页/共9页 paragraphs were loaded with jargon terms(行业术语),such as“remote ergonomic console”;for the control group,the paragraphs were written with words that a
37、re familiar to most readers,such as“separate control panel”.After reading the passages,the study participants rated their experience in a series of questionnaires.Those who read jargon-filled paragraphs were more likely to say that they had difficulty understanding the language and the information.T
38、hey were also significantly more likely to say that they werent good at science,and less likely to say that they would seek out information on the topic in the future.Some of the participants who read the jargon-heavy text received links to definitions of technical terms,but that didnt reduce their
39、frustrations or enhance their feelings of understanding.Scientists can learn to cut back on their use of technical language when talking to people who are not researchers,says Ayelet Baram-Tsabari,a science-communication researcher.She co-authored a January study showing that scientists with media t
40、raining can write articles that are just as engaging as pieces written by professional journalists.“Avoiding jargon is a fundamental part of that,but its not the whole story,”she says.To really connect with the public,she recommends that scientists tell a story thats relevant to the audience.Members
41、 of the public arent the only ones who can be turned off by jargon,Shulman says.Students can be,too.“I teach a class with 400 undergrads,”she says.“When youre training people,you can introduce jargon with a little more sensitivity.Youre trying to invite them into the environment.”Of course,technical
42、 words still have an important function in science.Shulmans paper is itself heavily loaded with terms such as“metacognition”and“self-schema”.“The irony of that is not lost on me,”she says.“When it comes to scientific literature,you cant get anything published unless its full of jargon.Scientists wan
43、t to speak to other scientists in the most precise way possible.”31.In the study,participants in the experimental group probably find themselves _.A.lacking in elementary reading skills B.uninterested in reading definitions of jargon C.incompetent to deal with complex information D.not confident abo
44、ut grasping new science topics 32.According to Baram-Tsabari,scientists had better _.A.publicize science in a more accessible way B.receive the training for professional journalists C.limit jargon in communication with each other D.conduct extensive research related to the public 33.What does Shulma
45、n think of using jargon in her paper?A.Disadvantageous.B.Shameful.C.Unavoidable.D.Tricky.第二节第二节(共共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，共分，共 10 分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you feel like you can remember things better when you actively engage with the information and create your own ve
46、rsion of it?34 This phenomenon has important implications when it comes to understanding how people learn.第6页/共9页 Tests on the generation effect show that when users encounter a list of words presented in the form of fragments(片段),they will engage several areas of the brain to create words to fill i
47、n the blanks.35 Researchers believe this is because of the deeper level of cognitive(认知的)engagement involved in the process of creating new words.Teachers and instructors need to be aware of the role the generation effect can play in the classroom.Students who just receive written material they can
48、read may not understand it as fully as students who engage with it by taking notes,completing writing exercises,and so forth.36 Rather than giving students a list of correctly spelled words and asking them to memorize it,the teacher can ask students to complete worksheets where they must fill in bla
49、nks to spell the words.37 If a student simply reads a textbook,he/she will not absorb the information as well as when he/she takes notes and recreates charts and other materials presented in the book.Students preparing for an examination may find it helpful to write out material from the text,rephra
50、sing in their own words as appropriate to make sure they fully understand the material.38 In a word,it all boils down to active learning versus passive learning.Spending a few minutes actively producing content may just be the thing you were missing in your learning routine.A.Thats called the Genera
