1、非谓语-ing to dodone 逻辑主语逻辑主语：是非谓语动词动作的：是非谓语动词动作的发出者发出者或或承受者承受者；它们在它们在逻辑上逻辑上存在着存在着主谓主谓关系或关系或动宾动宾关系，但不关系，但不能直接作非谓语动词的主语。能直接作非谓语动词的主语。He likes helping others.Moved by his words,I told him all the news.Its kind of you to tell me the news.It is impossible for you to finish so much work in so short a time.T
2、he teacher asked me to answer his question.I saw him playing at the river side.过去分词 done非谓语 之三done done 易学：易学：有语言规则有语言规则重要：重要：20092009年高考年高考1919套题套题 有一套题没有单选题有一套题没有单选题 有两套重题有两套重题 1717套题，过去分词共考查套题，过去分词共考查1313道题道题 “每套必考每套必考”一、一、donedone的作用的作用1.have done 构成现在完成时态构成现在完成时态3.be done 构成被动语态构成被动语态2.had done
3、 构成过去完成时态构成过去完成时态4.用作用作非非谓语谓语二、二、donedone作非谓语的作非谓语的1 1 表完成表完成不及物动词不及物动词的过去分词的过去分词仅表完成仅表完成，没有被动没有被动含义含义He is a retired teacher.2 2 表被动表被动及物动词及物动词的过去分词的过去分词通常兼有通常兼有被动被动和和完成完成Damaged in the storm,the house was dangerous to live in.3 3 表状态（已经转化为形容词）表状态（已经转化为形容词）The room was deserted.I dont understand he
4、r broken English.三、三、donedone作非谓语的句法功能作非谓语的句法功能1 1、表语、表语2 2、定语、定语3 3、状语、状语4 4、补语、补语1 1、表语、表语 Jane is bored.She has a boring job.The wolf looked delighted to see Little Red Riding Hood.The window was broken by a little boy.The window is broken.The little boy became interested in maths later.The door
5、remained locked when he came again.被动语态被动语态表语表语1 1、表语、表语 The speech was so _ that they were all _.Ainspiring;exciting Binspiring;excited Cinspired;excite Dinspired;exciting Bamaze,amuse,astonish,bore,confuse,disappointexcite,encouragefrighten,frustrate,inspire,interest,move,please,puzzle,surprise,sh
6、ock,scare,satisfytouch,tireworryNMET1998第23题Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to payCget burnt,get hurt,get wounded,get separated,get lost,get changed1 1、表语、表语The string was getting charged.特例特例1 1、表语、表语概念理解概念理解逻辑主语逻辑主语理解意义理解意义系动词系动词之后：之后：句子的主语句子的主语1)“感到感
7、到”;（被动）（被动）2)主语的状态主语的状态2 2、定语、定语 From his_(puzzle)expression,we could see he was puzzled.puzzledThe play put on by the teachers was a success.Perhaps the best example of universally understood body language is the smile.2)2)过去分词过去分词短语短语做定语做定语须须后置后置，相当于，相当于一个定语从句。一个定语从句。English is a language spoken a
8、ll around the world.=English is a language which is spoken all around the world.2 2、定语、定语 结论：结论：1)1)单个过去分词单个过去分词作定语，放在所修作定语，放在所修饰词的饰词的前面前面。1)1)leftleft只能用做只能用做后置后置定语。定语。2)2)单个过去分词作定语修饰单个过去分词作定语修饰代词代词时，须时，须后置后置。Everything used should be marked.Among those invited are some ladies.The books left are fo
9、r my students.2 2、定语、定语特例特例NMET1997NMET1997第第1717题题The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.，did not include women players until 1912.A.first played B.to be first played C.first playing D.to be first playingAbeing done:to be done:the building to be built next yeardone:the building built last year2 2、定语、定语翻译句子
10、：翻译句子：去年建的去年建的那幢楼是我们的教学楼。那幢楼是我们的教学楼。正在建的正在建的那幢楼是我们的食堂。那幢楼是我们的食堂。明年要建的明年要建的那幢楼是我们的宿舍楼。那幢楼是我们的宿舍楼。The building built last year is our teaching building.The building being built now is our dining hall.The building to be built next year will be our dormitory building.2 2、定语、定语2 2、定语、定语概念理解概念理解逻辑主语逻辑主语辨清
11、关系辨清关系中心词中心词它所修饰的中心词它所修饰的中心词1)done1)done形式已经转化成形容词形式已经转化成形容词 2)2)与逻辑主语是被动关系与逻辑主语是被动关系3)3)与定语从句的转换与定语从句的转换特殊记忆：特殊记忆：2 2、定语、定语a developing countrya developed country falling leaves fallen leaves boiling water boiled water the rising sun the risen sun发展中国家发展中国家发达国家发达国家正下落的叶子正下落的叶子落叶落叶正开着的水正开着的水开过的水开过的水
12、冉冉升起的太阳冉冉升起的太阳已经升起的太阳已经升起的太阳3 3、状语、状语 The teacher stood there_(surround)by the students._(see)from the hill,the city looks beautiful.Seensurrounded Asked about his family,the young man made no answer.时间状语时间状语3 3、状语、状语 Interested in English,he listens to English every morning.原因状语原因状语 United,we stand
13、;divided,we fall.条件状语条件状语 The hunter walked slowly in the forest,followed by his dog.伴随状语伴随状语 Laughed at by many people,he continued his study.让步状语让步状语Asked about his family,the young man made no answer.Interested in English,he listens to English every morning.United,we stand;divided,we fall.The hun
14、ter walked slowly in the forest,followed by his dog.Laughed at by many people,he continued his study When the young man was asked about his family,he made no answer.Because/As he is interested in English,he listens to English every morning.The hunter walked slowly and he was followed by his wolf dog
15、.Although he was laughed by many people,heIf we are united,we will stand;if we are divided,we fall.Asked about his family,the young man made no answer.Interested in English,he listens to English every morning.United,we stand;divided,we fall.Laughed at by many people,he continued his study When the y
16、oung man was asked about his family,he made no answer.Because/As he is interested in English,he listens to English every morning.Although he was laughed by many people,he continued his study.If we are united,we will stand;if we are divided,we fall.原因状语从句不可以出现省略现象原因状语从句不可以出现省略现象翻译：如果累了，休息会吧。NMET1996N
17、MET1996第第2323题题_ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.Losing B.Having lost A.C.Lost D.To loseSb.be lost in thought 陷入沉思陷入沉思CHe was lost in thought.He almost ran into the car in front of him.Combine the following sentences He is interested in English.He listens to BBC every day.Inter
18、ested in English,he listens to BBC every day.1).Dressed in red,she went to the ball.2).Hidden behind the door,he dared not come out.3).Seated at the front of the classroom,he listened to the teacher carefully.4).Faced with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.3 3、状语、状语5).I didnt do
19、 it on purpose,said Harry,annoyed.1)_in the cage for half a day,the bird became hungry.A.Being keptB.KeptC.Having been keptD.Have been keptC3 3、状语、状语3 3、状语、状语 Having been separated from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants andanimals not found in any other country in the
20、world.(05湖北）湖北）Having been showed,he still didnt understand the operation of the machine.3 3、状语、状语逻辑主语逻辑主语辨清关系辨清关系句子的主语句子的主语与逻辑主语是被动关系与逻辑主语是被动关系 When you speak English,be sure to make yourself understood.4 4、补语、补语哪个词很关键？哪个词很关键？1)hear,see,feel,watch,find 等表示感觉等表示感觉和心理状态的动词和心理状态的动词2)make,get,have等表示等表
21、示“致使致使”意义意义的动词的动词 3)keep,leave 等表示等表示“使使(继续继续)处于某种处于某种状态状态”的动词的动词 5)在在with 复合结构中，也可以用过去分词用复合结构中，也可以用过去分词用做宾语补足语。做宾语补足语。4)like,want,wish,order 等表示“希望或要求”意义的动词。4 4、补语、补语1).They had never heard it openly discussed before.2).He saw the man knocked down by a motor cycle.3).He felt a great weight taken of
22、f his mind.4).Helpless,we watched half a years food destroyed.5).The old woman found two of the windows broken.4 4、补语、补语1).When you speak English,be sure to make yourself understood.2).The next problem is how to get the land ploughed.3).Last year,we had the house rebuilt.4).She had her watch stolen.
23、4 4、补语、补语遭受某种损失遭受某种损失1).He couldnt keep his eyes shut to all this.2).Im sorry Ive left some of your questions unanswered.4 4、补语、补语4 4、补语、补语1).He wont like such questions(to be)discussed at the meeting.2).The readers wished the discussion(to be)continued.3).We dont want anything(to be)said about this
24、.4).He ordered the report(to be)reprinted.1).All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.4 4、补语、补语 The murderer was brought in,with his hands _ behind his back.(90 高考题高考题)A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied 2).The famous writer died,with his work unfinished.DNMET 2000 第第22题题The manag
25、ers discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year.A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry outC1).The managers discussed the plan.2).They would like to see the plan carried out the next year.Our English teacher has made me _(interest)in English.4 4、补语、补语Our English teacher
26、 has made me _(seat)by the window.interestedseated5 5、补语、补语概念理解概念理解逻辑主语逻辑主语辨清关系辨清关系理解意义理解意义主主+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾补宾补宾语宾语被动关系被动关系由可以带宾语补足语由可以带宾语补足语的动词的用法决定的动词的用法决定 Being ill,she had to stay at home for another two days.Being ill,she had to stay at home to look after her father.Her father being ill,she had to
27、 stay at home to look after him.当句子主语当句子主语不是不是它的逻辑主语时，现它的逻辑主语时，现在分词前要带上它自己的逻辑主语，构成在分词前要带上它自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构独立主格结构(作状语作状语)，即：主格，即：主格+现在现在分词分词 Her work done,she sat down for a cup of tea.His glasses broken,he couldnt see the words on the blackboard.Everything considered,his plan seems better.独立主格结构独立主格
28、结构(作状语作状语)名词名词/代词主格代词主格+现在分词现在分词/过去分词过去分词(1)He wrote a lot of novels,and many of _ were translated into foreign languages.(2)He wrote a lot of novels,many of _ were translated into foreign languages.(3)He wrote a lot of novels,many of _ translated into foreign languages.A.it B.them C.which D.thatBCB
29、judged by 由由.判断、断定判断、断定,provided(that):conj.假如假如,如果如果,倘若倘若.；在在.条件下条件下，(providing 也可以有这种用法也可以有这种用法)given 倘若倘若.,假定假定.,考虑到考虑到taken as a whole 总的来说总的来说固定用法固定用法1.Taken as a whole,theres nothing wrong with this lesson.2.Judged by his accent,he came from Tangshan.3.Given good weather,our ship will reach Sh
30、anghai Monday evening.4.You may keep the book a further week provided/providing(that)no one else requires it.回顾：回顾：关于过去分词我们学了什么？关于过去分词我们学了什么？看看看看2009年的高考试题年的高考试题 They tried to send the_(injure)boy to hospital.In autumn you can see many _(fall)leaves here and there.3.If you don t have enough money,yo
31、u can go to have a look at the _(use)car.4.We lived in the house _(build)by my father.5.Lets try the bookstore _(open)last month.6.The streets are _(crowd),so its hard to cross.7.Fishing is not _(interest).I am not really _(interest)in fishing.8.The match was _(excite).The crowd got very _(excite).9
32、.The boy is so _(disappoint)he has failed in exam again.His parents are _(disappoint)in the boy.10.This is an _(inspire)speech.All the students were _(inspire).injuredfallenusedbuiltopenedcrowdedinterestinginterestedexcitingexciteddisappointingdisappointedinspiringinspired1.1.独立主格结构独立主格结构 非谓语作非谓语作状语
33、状语时，其逻辑主语应是句子主时，其逻辑主语应是句子主语。语。Being ill,he has to stay at home.若句子主语若句子主语不是不是非谓语的逻辑主语时，非谓非谓语的逻辑主语时，非谓语前语前要带上它自己的逻辑主语要带上它自己的逻辑主语，从而构成，从而构成独独立主格结构，立主格结构，即：即：名词名词/代词主格代词主格+现在分词现在分词/过去分词。过去分词。His mother being ill,he has to stay at home to look after her.Walking across the street,a car knocked the child
34、down.The child walking across the street,a car knocked him down.Walking across the street,the child was knocked down by a car.(1)He wrote a lot of novels,and many of _ were translated into foreign languages.(2)He wrote a lot of novels,many of _ were translated into foreign languages.(3)He wrote a lo
35、t of novels,many of _ translated into foreign languages.A.it B.them C.which D.thatBCB1)._,and the chairman declared the meeting started.2).After_,the chairman declared the meeting started.3)._,the chairman declared the meeting started.A.Having taken their seatsB.The listeners having taken their seat
36、sC.The listeners taken their seatsD.The listeners took their seatsE.the listeners took their seatsDEB1)As there was nobody，he had to go alone.There _ nobody,he had to go alone.2)If time permits,I will go to see you.Time_,I will go to see you.3)As the worked had been finished,he went to bed.The work
37、_,he went to bed.being permittingfinished2.2.感官动词感官动词补语补语用法归纳用法归纳1).我看到他我看到他被被一辆车撞倒了。一辆车撞倒了。2).我看到他进屋我看到他进屋了了。3).我看到他我看到他正在做正在做作业。作业。I saw him knocked down by a car.I saw him enter the room.I saw him doing his homework.He was seen knocked down by a car.He was seen to enter the room.He was seen doing
38、 his homework.结论：结论：主语主语+感官动词感官动词+宾语宾语+宾补：宾补：(被动关系被动关系)done (主动关系主动关系)：动作动作已完成已完成 do 动作动作正在正在进行进行 doing被动语态中被动语态中:主语主语+be+感官动词的过去分词感官动词的过去分词+主补主补：(被动关系被动关系)done (主动关系主动关系)：动作已完成动作已完成 to do 动作正在进行动作正在进行 doing I saw him to be knocked down by a car.He was seen to be knocked down by a car.p 经常不断地学习,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量p Study Constantly,And You Will Know Everything.The More You Know,The More Powerful You Will Be写在最后谢谢你的到来学习并没有结束，希望大家继续努力Learning Is Not Over.I Hope You Will Continue To Work Hard演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日
