1、Unit 1 Science and ScientistsLearning About Language Period 2Understanding science and pushing the boundaries of science is what makes me immensely satisfied.Bill Gates The doctor has been taught to be interested not in health but in disease.What the public is taught is that health is the cure for d
2、isease.Ashley Montagu Warming-upRead the following sentences and find out the clauses and the linking words.Linking verbLinking verbSome key points 定义：在主从复合句中充当表语的句子。作用：说明主语是什么。可以由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当表语的成分。然而要注意，表语从句属于名词性从句，只是表语的其中一种情况由名词充当表语。判断：表语在系动词之后出现。常见系动词：状态类：be动词,seem,appear,keep,remain,s
3、tay 感官类：look,smell,taste,sound,feel 变化类：become,get,turn,grow,fall,come,go Grammar focus 表语从句的引导词：连词：在从句中不作成分。that,whether,as if,as though 连接代词：在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语 what/whatever,which/whichever,who/whoever,whom,whose 连接副词：在从句中作状语 when,where,why,how,because Grammar focus 选择表语从句的引导词，主要从表语从句的句子结构和所要表达的句意两个
4、角度来判断。引导词在表语从句中充当的成分引导词在表语从句中充当的成分引导词引导词备注备注主语主语who,what,which,whatever,whichever根据句根据句意选择意选择宾语、表语宾语、表语whom,who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever定语定语whose,what,which状语状语when,where,why,how不充当成分不充当成分that,whether,as if,as though,becauseGrammar focus 表语从句一定是陈述语序。例：问题是他什么时候能到。The question is when wil
5、l he come.The question is when he will come.if可以引导宾语从句，但是不能引导表语从句，引导表语从句表达“是否”只能用 whether。例：问题是他是否通过了测试。The question is if he has passed the test.The question is whether he has passed the test.Some useful tips Grammar focus 主句时态和表语从句时态可以不一致。例：问题是谁会陪我去巴黎。The question is who will company me to Paris.问
6、题是他为何没有上学。The question is why he was absent school.that引导表语从句时，和宾语从句不同，that不可省略。例：What I said was that I would give him a better one.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.Grammar focus1.The fact was that he had forgotten about it.2.Everything remained as it used t
7、o be in this room.3.She looks as if she were ill.4.The trouble was whether we could manage it ourselves or not.5.The problem is not who will go,but who will stay.6.This is how they overcame the difficulties.7.It seems to me that we dont have much choice.8.He missed the lecture.It was because his fli
8、ght was delayed.Mark the linking words in the following sentences and pay attention to the words before them.PracticePracticeAnswer the following questions using information from the reading passage as well as the predicative clauses.EXAMPLEWhat was it that John Snow showed to the world?What John Sn
9、ow showed to the world was how cholera could be overcome.1.What was Snows discovery in two particular streets in London?Snows discovery in two particular streets in London was that _.the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days Practice2.What was Snow determined to f
10、ind out during the 1854 outbreak in London?What Snow was determined to find out was why _.the outbreak ofcholera had caused over 500 deaths within ten days 3.What were the exact places Snow marked on the map?The exact places Snow marked on the map were where _.who died had lived/all the dead people
11、had livedall those Practice4.What was the finding that Snow announced?Snows finding was that _.the water pump was to blame for the of cholera/the pump water carried cholera germs/water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by wasteDavid is talking to Maria about their scientific research proj
12、ect.First complete Davids lines(A-E),using the words in the box.Then put Davids lines in the correct order and practise the conversation.as if that what who when how why whose which whether A:Absolutely.You may not believe it,but that was happened at the initial stage of our groups research on devel
13、oping a vaccine for malaria.B:Yes,it is.And it seemed all the theories were useful,but the fact was we couldnt persuade one another that one theory was better than another.C:Exactly.The problem was not about all our theories were equally good,but in deciding theory to depend upon.D:We realised that
14、what we cared about was not aspect we needed to develop a theory in,but rather we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect!E:Youre right.At last,we became focused on the key issue,which was we had to carry out the research in the first place.whatas ifthatwhetherwhosewhywhichhowPr
15、acticeWhat factors help us continue the conversation?Tips:为了使整个语篇在意义上具有连贯性（coherence），无论是口头语篇还是书面语篇都需要使用一些衔接手段，这些衔接手段主要包括三大类：逻辑纽带（logical connector）、语法纽带(grammatical connector）和词汇纽带（lexical connector）。口头语篇还可以通过语音纽带（phonetic connector）衔接。PracticeMaria:This mix of theory and data is one of the key cha
16、racteristics of what we call science.David:AMaria:With your theoretical framework?David:_Maria:Deciding on a theory is definitely of critical importance.David:_Maria:This was when you should have calmed down and got down to doing some solid work.David:_Maria:So what happened in the end?David:_ CBEDC
17、omplete the conversation and read it.Practice1.他没来的原因是他没有收到请柬。2.那位女士痛哭流涕，那是因为她的儿子在河中溺亡了。3.那位女士的儿子在河中溺亡了，那是她痛哭流涕的原因。Translate the following sentences into English.PracticeThe reason why he didnt come is that he didnt receive the invitation.The woman was weeping bitterly.Thats because her son was drowned in a river.The womans son was drowned in a river.Thats why she was weeping bitterly.AssignmentFinish Exercises 1 and 2 on Page 62 in the workbook.Goodbye!
