1、选择性必修一语法复习选择性必修一语法复习CONTENTSCONTENTSUnit1 非限制性定语从句 Unit2 动名词和动词不定式作宾语宾语Unit3 动名词做主语主语Unit4 动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作表语表语Unit5 过去完成时过去完成时Unit6 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1.Last night I saw a very good film,_was about the Second World War.A which B who C that D where2.The heavy rain lasted for half a month,
2、_ caused the food.A that B when C which D where3.The film is very instructive,_ most audience say.A that B as C which D where4.We all honour and respect Albert Einstein,_ is the greatest physicist in the world.A that B as C which D who5.He earns only 1,200 yuan a month,half of _ is given to his son
3、at college.A that B when C which D them非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句6.There is too much information on the Internet,some of _ is unreliable.A that B who C which D where7._is often the case,girls like dolls while boys like guns.A that B as C which D where8.She graduated from a local middle school,after _ she went
4、 to Beijing University.A that B as C which D where9.On the eve of the Spring Festival,I usually stay up until midnight,_I can set off the firecrackers and fireworks.A which B when C that D where10.Following the firl,we went into a hall,on_walls hung pictures of some famous scientists.A whose B its C
5、 that D whichdoing和和to do 作宾语作宾语一、只接动词一、只接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词形式作宾语的动词1作动词的宾语括号中的动词后接动词作动词的宾语括号中的动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语。这些形式作宾语。这些动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：避免错过少延期避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)建议完成多练习建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise)喜欢想象禁不住喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，cant help)承认否定与嫉妒承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)逃避冒险
6、莫原谅逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)忍受保持不介意忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)doing和和to do 作宾语作宾语2作动词短语的宾语动词短语：作动词短语的宾语动词短语：insist on/stick to，object to，be good at，be fond of，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，get/be used to，pay attention to，be worth等后接动词等后接动词ing形式作宾语。形式作宾语。doing和和to do 作宾语作宾语二、常接动词不定
7、式作宾语的动词二、常接动词不定式作宾语的动词1agree(同意同意)，afford(付得起付得起)，offer(主动提出主动提出)，plan(打打算，计划算，计划)，demand(要求要求)，promise(答应答应)，help(帮忙帮忙)，prepare(准备准备)，decide(决定决定)，refuse(拒绝拒绝)，choose(选择，选择，决定决定)，wish/hope/want/expect(希望希望)，fail(失败失败)，pretend(假装假装)，manage(设法设法)，determine(决心决心)，beg(恳求，恳求，祈求祈求)，arrange(安排，筹备安排，筹备)，th
8、reaten(威胁威胁)，claim(声称声称)，aim(力争做到力争做到)，hesitate(顾虑顾虑)，happen(碰巧碰巧)，hope(希望希望)等动词后通常接动词不定式作宾语。等动词后通常接动词不定式作宾语。doing和和to do 作宾语作宾语2动词不定式作宾语，通常有三种形式：动词不定式作宾语，通常有三种形式：一般式一般式 主动形式主动形式(to do)被动形式被动形式(to be done)进行式进行式 动词不定式的进行式动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)完成式完成式 动词不定式的完成式动词不定式的完成式主动形式主动形式(to have done)动词不定式的完成式动
9、词不定式的完成式被动形式被动形式(to have done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。He claimed to have been badly treated in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.doing和和to do 作宾语作宾语三、既可以接动词三、既可以接动词-ing形式也可以接动词不定式作宾语的情况形式也可以接动词不定式作宾语的情况1在在start，begin，continue等动词后既可接动名词也可接不等动词后既可接动
10、名词也可接不定式作宾语定式作宾语2在在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接动词等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。3.下列动词可接动词下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式：于不定式的被动形式：need/want/require/deserve doingneed/want/require/deserve to be done。The bike needs repairing/to be repaired.这辆自行车需
11、要修理。这辆自行车需要修理。doing和和to do 作宾语作宾语1.I offered _(paint)the house in exchange for a weeks accommodation.A paint B to paint C painting D painted2.When I came in，he pretended _(sleep)A sleepy B to sleep C to be sleepingD to be slept3.I was so angry that I felt like_(throw)something at him.A threw B to th
12、row C throwingD thrown4.I regret _(tell)you that your school team has lost the game.A to tell B telling C toldD have tolddoing和和to do 作宾语作宾语1.The interviewees objected_unfairly during the process of job hunting.A to be treated B their being treatedC to being treated D having been treated2.There is a
13、 new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions require _.Awhere;improvingBwhich;to improveCthat;to be improvedDwhen;to be improved3.Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle.They will only end up_(feel)worse about themselves.A to
14、 feel B feeling C throwingD throwndoing作主语作主语动词动词-ing作主语的三种形式作主语的三种形式 1.直接放在句首，表示抽象的、经常的以及习惯性的动作或状态，直接放在句首，表示抽象的、经常的以及习惯性的动作或状态，谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.散步对年轻人和老年人都是一种很好的锻炼方式。散步对年轻人和老年人都是一种很好的锻炼方式。2.it在句首作形式主语，动词在句首作形式主语，动词-ing形式后置作真正的主语，用形容形式后置作真正的主语
15、，用形容词或名词作表语。常见的名词或名词短语词或名词作表语。常见的名词或名词短语:It is no use,no good,fun,a waste of time+doing sth.;形容词有形容词有:It is dangerous,worthwhile,useless+doing sth.等等doing作主语作主语3.在在there be 结构中作主语结构中作主语 There be no+动词动词ing这种结构的意思相当于这种结构的意思相当于“It is+adj.to do.例例:There is no hiding of evil but not to do it.若要人不知，除非己莫为
16、。若要人不知，除非己莫为。There is no joking about such a matter.这种事开不得玩笑。这种事开不得玩笑。doing作主语作主语1.It is no use _ them not to worry.A.tellingB.to tell C.to have told D.having told2._every day will surely benefit our health in the long run.A.Go for a walkB.Going for a walkC.To go for a walkD.Went for a walk3.It is a
17、 waste of time _ video games every day.A.to play B.if playingC.playing D.having played4._ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A.Travel B.TravelingC.Having traveled D.Traveled12.Something as simple as _ some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure.A.to drink
18、 B.drinkingC.to be drinking D.drunk动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作表语动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作表语(1)动词不定式形式作表语时表示的动作往往是具体的、一次性的动作，主语通常是抽象名词：aim/purpose/idea/intention/plan/wish/decision/choice/need/job/target/task/problem/duty(2)动名词v-ing 作表语表示一般或习惯性或抽象的动作，兼有动词和名词的特征，在句中起名词的作用。His job is collecting folk songs.As friends,our d
19、uty is caring about each other.(3)doing done作表语，分别是形容人和形容物的形容词CONCLUSION性质或特征性质或特征状态或感受状态或感受分词（形容词）分词（形容词）现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词非谓语非谓语作表语作表语动名词动名词具体、特定的目的或内容具体、特定的目的或内容经常性、习惯性的内容经常性、习惯性的内容不定式不定式doing，to do和和done 作表语作表语1.My dream is _ an outstanding architect after graduation.Ato becomingBbecomeCbecomingDt
20、o become2.The purpose of the research is_more about the causes of the disease.A trying to find out B to try to find out C trying finding out D to try finding out7The next step is _ sure that you know exactly what it is.AmadeBmakes Cto makeDhave made27Her _ face suggested that she was _by some _thing
21、s.A.frightening,frightened,frightening B.frightened,frightened,frighteningC.frightening,frightening,frightening D.frightening,frightened,frightened 过去完成时及其被动过去完成时及其被动基本结构基本结构肯定式肯定式为为_；否定式否定式为为_；被动式被动式为为_。时间状语：时间状语：by+过去的时间状语，语句用过去的时间状语，语句用had done by the end of did,had done by the time do/does,will
22、have done过去完成时及其被动过去完成时及其被动基本结构基本结构肯定式肯定式为为_；否定式否定式为为_；被动式被动式为为_。基本用法基本用法1.表示在表示在过去的某一时间过去的某一时间或或某一动作之前某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态。完成的动作或存在的状态。(过去的过去过去的过去,即站在即站在“过去过去”的角度回顾一个更远的过去。的角度回顾一个更远的过去。)Before we got to the train station,the train had already left.2.表示表示从过去某一时间开始，从过去某一时间开始，一直一直延续延续到到过去的另一个时间过去的另一个时间的动
23、作，的动作，常用的时间状语有常用的时间状语有by then,by the end of,by the time.By the end of last term,we had learned 2000 English words.过去完成时及其被动过去完成时及其被动3.表示表示本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划,常用动词有常用动词有:hope,want,expect,think,mean,suppose,intend,plan固定句型固定句型1)It/That was+the first/second+time+that sb.had done sth.2)It was
24、+一段时间一段时间+since从句，从句谓语用过去完成时。从句，从句谓语用过去完成时。特殊句型特殊句型hardlywhen和和no soonerthan “(A)刚一刚一.,(B)就就.”主句主句要要部分倒装部分倒装，并使用，并使用过去完成时过去完成时，从句从句用一般用一般过去时过去时Hardly had I left when it began to rain.had done及及had been done1.He _(learn)3000 words before he went to England.A.learnt B.had learntC.has learntD.had been
25、learned2.The old man told us that he_(travel)to many places.A.traveling B.travelled C.had travelled D.has travelled3.It was the third time that he _(see)such a large animal.A.had seen B.seen C.seeing D.saw4.By the time he got to the airport,the plane _(take off).A.took off B.have taken off C.was tak
26、en off D.had taken off15.All the newly published albums were so popular that they _ by the time he got to the music store.A.have been sold outB.will be sold outC.had been sold outD.will have been sold out现在完成进行时现在完成进行时含义：含义：现在完成进行时表示动作从现在完成进行时表示动作从_(_(过去过去/现在现在)一直持续一直持续到到_(_(过去过去/现在现在)形式：形式：_连用连用的时间
27、状语：的时间状语：all the time,this week,all night,these few days,for.,since.现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别含义：含义：现在完成进行时强调动作的现在完成进行时强调动作的_(_(延续性延续性/结果结果)，现，现在完成时强调动作的在完成时强调动作的_(_(延续性延续性/结果结果)形式：形式：现在完成进行时现在完成进行时 _现在完成时现在完成时 _现在完成进行时现在完成进行时1.I _of becoming a professional pianist ever since I was 12.Ahad dre
28、amedBhave been dreamingCam dreamingDdreamed2.I counted sheep,I drank milk and I tried everything,but nothing helped.It seems you _ too much recently.Try some sleeping pills.AworkedBworkChad workedDhave been working3.Jacob _ with several of his colleagues on a big project and they still have a long way to go.Ahas workedBworksCwas working Dhas been working4.Im sure youll do well in the exam because you _ so hard this year.Astudied Bhad studiedChave been studying Dhad been studying5.Mr Smith _a book,which will probably be completed next month.AwritesBhas writtenCwill be writingDhas been writing
