1、Section AThe world of science1.shoot v.(shot,shot)射出（光、亮等），放射shoot at朝射击shoot yourself in the foot 搬起石头砸自己的脚shoot down 射倒；击落shoot sth.up 开枪打坏shoot sb.in the leg/head 射中某人的腿/头练习：The hunter was about to shoot _ the bird when he heard a scream.at2.in addition辨析：in addition 与 in addition toin addition“另
2、外；也”，相当于连接副词The dress is too expensive.In addition,she doesnt like its colour.这条裙子太贵了。除此之外，她不喜欢它的颜色。in addition to“除之外（还）”，后接名词、代词或动名词，相当于介词In addition to English,he has to study a second foreign language.除英语外，他还得再学一门外语。练习：In addition to _(be)lighter,this kind of material has other advantages over t
3、raditional forms.being 3.capablebe capable of(doing)sth.有能力做某事incapable adj.无能力的 capably adv.能干地练习：We should help those who are _(capable)of taking care of their personal affairs.incapable4.desirehave a desire for/to do sth.渴望得到某物/做某事desire to do sth.渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事desire that.渴望（谓语
4、用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略）注意：当 desire 作动词后接宾语从句，以及desire作名词后接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”形式，should 可以省略。练习：The people trapped in the ruins desire that rescue teams _(send)here without delay(延迟).(should)be sentVirtual realityVirtual reality(VR)is a computer-generated scenario that simula
5、tes an experience through senses and perception.The immersive environment can be similar to the real world or it can be fantastical,creating an experience not possible in ordinary physical reality.Wearable techWearable technology refers to smart electronic devices that are attached to the body,unsup
6、ported by the hands.Flexible batteryFlexible batteries are designed to be flexible,unlike traditional rigid batteries.There is increasing interest in portable and flexible batteries,which can be implemented in products such as smart cards and wearable electronics.Read about the Read about the invent
7、ions from famous inventions from famous novels and choose those novels and choose those that have become a that have become a reality.reality.Look at the pictures and talk about how the way we live has changed over time.Discuss the reasons behind these changes.Read the title and Read the title and p
8、redict what the predict what the passage will we talk passage will we talk about.about.What does Richard think of the interviewers first question?How does Richard feel about our age of invention?Whats the common feature of most of the new great inventions?What examples does Richard give when asked?W
9、hat does Richard think inspires us to invent?Choose the sentences that describe Dr Fairhursts opinions.1.1.Inventions in Ancient China were better than those in the Inventions in Ancient China were better than those in the West.West.2.2.A lot of todays great inventions are tech-based.A lot of todays
10、 great inventions are tech-based.3.3.Today,most inventors prefer working by themselves.Today,most inventors prefer working by themselves.4.4.The desire to solve problems inspires invention.The desire to solve problems inspires invention.5.5.A time machine will definitely be invented in the future.A
11、time machine will definitely be invented in the future.Section BThe world of science1.beyondbeyond ones control超出某人的控制，不受某人的控制beyond ones imagination 超乎某人的想象beyond expression 无法表达beyond description 无法形容beyond belief令人难以置信beyond ones power 超出某人的权力范围beyond compare 无与伦比练习：The scenery along the lake is
12、beautiful _(无法形容).beyond description2.significantsignificance n.重要性，意义be of great/much significance 重要的，有重大意义的be of no/little significance 无关紧要的have great/no significance(for.)（对）很重要/不重要attach(great)significance to.（非常）重视练习：Something _(significance)is happening to the world population it is aging.si
13、gnificant3.origin the origin of.的起源/起因in origin 在来源上have ones origins in.起源于by origin 籍贯original adj.原来的，起初的；独创的originally adv.原来，起初originate vi.起源，发端于；vt.创立，创建练习：The jeans today have changed very slightly from their _(origin)design.original4.curea cure for.的疗法措施cure sth.治好疾病cure sb.治好某人cure sb.of s
14、th.使某人从某种疾病中痊愈练习：Medical research often makes use _ the forests plant and animal life,and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures _ certain diseases.offor动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。下面几种情况一般用被动语态：1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。Such books have been written for child
15、ren.已经为儿童编写这类书籍了。2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。All these products have been tested.这些产品都经过测试了。3.动作的执行者很模糊。The letter has been opened.这封信被人拆开了。4.有时为了礼貌的需要，避免说出动作的执行者。They have been told many times not to make noises.已经有人多次跟他们说别那么大声了。现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成是：have/has been done。但在不同的句式中，其具体形式也有所不同。1.肯定句形式：主语have/has b
16、een done(+其他).The bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed.黄河上的这座桥刚刚建成。The plan has been studied by the experts last month.这个计划在上个月已经由专家研究过了。2.否定句形式：主语have/has not been done(+其他).They havent been told the exciting news yet,have they?还没有人告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，是吗？The second-hand car has not been s
17、old.这辆二手汽车还没有被卖出去。3.一般疑问句形式Have/Has+主语+been done(+其他)?Has her work been finished?她的工作完成了吗？Yes,it has.是的，完成了。4.特殊疑问句形式特殊疑问词have/has+主语been done(+其他)?How long has the machine been used?这台机器使用多久了？1.表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与 already,yet,never,recently等副词及时间状语 so far,by now,up till now等连用
18、。The room has already been cleaned.这个房间已经被打扫干净了。（现在已经不用打扫房间了）The doctor hasnt been sent for yet.还没有派人去请医生。（现在应派人去请医生）2.表示被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语（从句）连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。The bridge has been built for two years.这座桥已经建了两年了。（可能还会继续建造）How long has the project been carried out?这
19、项工程已经实施多长时间了？（可能还会继续实施）3.用在时间状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。Well start as soon as the work has been finished.这份工作一完成我们就立即动身。1.Shakespeares play Hamlet _(make)into at least ten different films over the past years.2.Would you like to go to the cinema with me tomorrow afternoon?Id like to,Mum,but I _(invite)to a
20、party by Jane.It is her birthday.3.Till now,three films _(show)in that small village this month.4.I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _(tell)the cloth washes well.5.In the last few years thousands of films _(produce)all over the world.has been madehave been invitedhave been shownhave been tol
21、dhave been producedSection CThe world of science1.experimentan experiment with/on.关于的实验perform/carry out/do/conduct an experiment 做实验experiment with/on.用做实验/试用练习：_(用做实验)mice can give us an idea of the effect of the disease on humans.Experimenting on/with2.attachattach.to.把系于；把附在上（to为介词）attach(great/
22、little)importance/value/weight/significance to.认为（很有几乎没有）重要性价值分量意义（to为介词）attached adj.爱慕，依恋；附属于be attached to.附属于；依恋/爱慕attachment n.附属物，附件；爱慕，依恋练习：My younger brother is studying in a high school _(attach)to Renmin University of China.attached3.conductconduct a survey/an experiment/an interview 进行调查/
23、实验/面试conduct oneself well/badly 表现好/差conductor n.（乐队）指挥；（公共汽车上的）售票员；列车长；导体conductive adj.具有传导性的 注意：conduct 词性不同时，发音不同，重音位置也不同，作名词时重音在前，作动词时重音在后，可以概括为“名前动后”。此类单词常见的还有 transport,import,increase 等。练习：Yesterday our chemistry teacher _ an experiment on wood to see whether it was _,and after the experimen
24、t we drew a conclusion that wood was a poor _ of heat.conductedconductiveconductor4.accountgive an account of.描述open/close an account 开户销户have an account at/with a bank 在银行有账户account for.是的原因；解释；（数量上、比例上）占account sb.+adj./n.认为某人(常用于被动语态）on account of 因为，由于on no account 决不，绝对不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）take sth.
25、into account(=take account of sth.)考虑到某事，顾及某事练习：Lighting accounts _ about 7%of the total electricity consumed in the US.for Benjamin Franklin(17061790)was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence.Apart from being a successful statesman,he was
26、also well known as a leading American author,printer and publisher,successful diplomat,creative scientist and inventor.（1）Do you know something about Benjamin Franklin?（2）What was he known for in the world?What is Franklin experiment aimed to proveNumber the statements to show how peoples attitudes
27、towards Franklins experiment have changed.1.Franklins spirit of scientific exploration is still considered an inspiration.2.People are amazed at and inspired by Franklins experiment.3.Scientists question what really happened in Franklins experiment.1.Do you think it matters that Franklins experiment
28、 might not be true?Why?2.What is your opinion about the statement.we should not always believe everything we read or hear-even if it is a great story?3.What qualities do you think a great scientist should have?4.In what ways do scientists contribute to society?Firstly,scientific discoveries promote
29、the development of our society.Secondly,the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our life span.Thirdly,scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards.完成一个实验的步骤有设计实验、做实验和写实验报告。写实验报告时，注意要完整介绍实验过程，用恰当的表示顺序的词语来清楚表述实验步骤。句式要多用祈使句，时态多为一般现在时。实验报告
30、通常包括以下内容：1.实验目的：表明为什么要做这个实验。2.实验用品：交代做实验要用的物品。3.实验方法和过程：清楚、具体地写明实验步骤。在组织文字时，要正确运用表示顺序的词。4.实验结果：如实且正确地记录实验现象或数据。5.结论：通过实验得出相关的结论。实验报告中常用的词语：1.实验目的：aim,purpose,in order to,to find out.2.实验用品：apparatus（仪器），beaker（烧杯），equipment,test tube（试管），test tube holder（试管夹），balance（天平），liquid,solid,gas.3.实验过程：proc
31、ess,firstly,secondly,lastly,heat,boil,fill,add.to.,measure,weigh.4.实验结果：result,conclusion,in a word,in conclusion.实验目的测量镁在空气中加热后重量是否有变化实验用品镁（magnesium），本生灯（Bunsen burner），天平（balance），坩埚（crucible）实验步骤1.把镁放进坩埚内；2.把坩埚放在天平上称重；3.点燃本生灯，加热坩埚；4.再把坩埚放在天平上称重；5.比较两次称重的结果。实验结果第二次称重数据大于第一次称重数据实验结论镁在空气中加热后重量有变化请根
32、据下面表格中的内容写一篇100词左右的实验报告。One possible version:The aim of the experiment is to find out if theres a change in weight after magnesium is heated in air.To carry out the experiment,you need the following things:magnesium,a Bunsen burner,a balance and a crucible.When all these are ready,you can begin the
33、experiment.First,put the magnesium in the crucible.Then put the crucible on the balance and weigh them.Next,light the Bunsen burner and place the crucible over it to heat the magnesium.Finally,weigh them again,and compare the two weights.You can see the magnesium weighs a little more than before.Thats because there is a change in weight after magnesium is heated in air.
