1、高中英语外研版必修高中英语外研版必修5（课标通用（课标通用) Module 1-6 Module 1 British and American English The English language was first introduced to the Americans by British colonists beginning in the early 17th century. Similarly, the language spread to many other parts of the world as a result of British colonization els
2、ewhere during the spread of the former British Empire. Over the past 400 years, the form of the language used in Americasespecially in the United Stateshas become different from the one used in the United Kingdom in many ways, leading to the dialects (方言方言) which are now commonly referred to as Amer
3、ican English and British English. Differences between the two include pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, spelling and idioms. A small number of words have completely different meanings between the two dialects, or are even unknown or not used in one of them. Henry Sweet once predicted in 1877 that
4、within a century， American English，Australian English and British English would be mutually (相互地相互地) unintelligible (无法了解的无法了解的)Other experts have also made similar predictions.It may be the case that increased world wide communication through radio， television，the Internet，and globalization has red
5、uced the amount of regional variation.This can result either in some variations disappearing or in the acceptance of wide variations as“perfectly good English”everywhere. However, it remains the case that although spoken American and British English are generally similar, there are enough difference
6、s to cause occasional misunderstandings or, at times, embarrassment. 她父母死了她父母死了，给她留下了许多钱给她留下了许多钱。( ving作结果状语作结果状语) _ 劳动力短缺仍然是个问题劳动力短缺仍然是个问题。(remain adj./n. 意为意为“仍然仍然 是是，保存保存”) _ Her parents died, leaving her a lot of money. It remains a problem that we are short of labor. 1佳句仿写佳句仿写 A small number of
7、 words have completely different meanings between the two dialects, or are even unknown or not used in one of them. _ 在两种方言中有少量的词汇有完全不同的意思或在其在两种方言中有少量的词汇有完全不同的意思或在其 中一种方言中这些词汇甚至根本不知道或不使用。中一种方言中这些词汇甚至根本不知道或不使用。 2翻译佳句，放眼高考翻译佳句，放眼高考 1_ n. 语言学家语言学家 2_ n. 口音口音 3_adj. 显然的；显而易见的显然的；显而易见的 4_vi.(英英)排队排队(等候等候
8、) 5_vt.比较比较 6_vt. 省略省略 7_vi.不同；有区别不同；有区别 linguist accent obvious queue compare omit differ .单词识记单词识记 Period One Introduction Reading and Vocabulary 1_有有相同的特点相同的特点 2. _ 有影响；使不相同有影响；使不相同 3. _ 四处走动四处走动(旅行旅行) 4. be similar to _ 5. lead to _ have.in common make a difference get around 与与相似相似 引起；导致引起；导致 .
9、短语天地短语天地 8_n评论；讲话评论；讲话 9_n变化变化 10_n轻打；轻弹；抖动轻打；轻弹；抖动 remark variation flick 1It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English. 信息提取信息提取 it 作形式主语作形式主语，真正的主语是真正的主语是whether引导的引导的 主语从句主语从句。 例句仿写例句仿写 你是否同意我的计划这并不重要你是否同意我的计划这并不重要。 _you agree to my plan or not. It mak
10、es no difference whether .句型搜索句型搜索 2Americans use a flashlight，while for the British，its a torch. 信息提取信息提取 while 并列连词并列连词，表对比表对比，意为：而；然而意为：而；然而。 例句仿写例句仿写 我们国家盛产石油我们国家盛产石油，他们国家却一点也没有他们国家却一点也没有。 Our country has plenty of oil，_ theirs has none. while 3A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scot
11、sman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker. 信息提取信息提取 have difficulty (in) doing sth意为：做某事有困意为：做某事有困 难难。 例句仿写例句仿写 你通过这次考试遇到困难了没有你通过这次考试遇到困难了没有？ Did you _ the exam? have any difficulty (in) passing 4The nonstop communication, the experts think, has made it easier for British people and American
12、s to understand each other. 信息提取信息提取 make it adj. for somebody to do sth意为意为“使得使得 某人做某事某人做某事”。it作形式宾语作形式宾语，真正宾语是真正宾语是for 后的后的 成份成份。 例句仿写例句仿写 我们会让你学习这篇文章更容易些我们会让你学习这篇文章更容易些。 Well _ this passage. make it easier for you to learn Fast Reading：Scan the text and choose the best answers according to the te
13、xt. 1From the text we know that there are_differences between British and American English. Atwo Bthree CFour Dfive 2Whats the first and most obvious difference between British and American English? AGrammar. BSpelling. CWords. DVocabulary. .预读理解预读理解 3Which of the following is TRUE? APeople from Bri
14、tain speak the same language as people from the USA. BThe British say “queue up” but in the USA we say “stand in line” CThere are lots of differences between American and British varieties of English. DThe third paragraph talks about spelling. 4According to the text, the British English and American
15、 English are different in all the following aspects EXCEPT in_. Avocabulary Bspelling Caccent Dorigin 5From the fifth paragraph, we can infer that_. Ain the future，there will be only three main “Englishes” Bin the future，there will be many “Englishes” Cin the future，users of English will not be able
16、 to understand each other Dwith satellite TV and the Internet, it has been impossible to listen to British and American English easily 答案答案 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.B 1confusing adj. 令人困惑的；难懂的令人困惑的；难懂的 The confusing directions on the bottle made me not take the medicine.药瓶上令人费解的使用说明使我没有吃药药瓶上令人费解的使用说明使我没有吃药
17、。 Teachers explanations shouldnt be confusing. 老师的解释不应该难以理解老师的解释不应该难以理解。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【完成句子完成句子】 他们提了一大堆令人费解的问题他们提了一大堆令人费解的问题，把我难住了把我难住了，我稀里糊涂我稀里糊涂， 茫然地站在那儿茫然地站在那儿，不知所措不知所措。 They_meThey_me byby askingasking soso many_questionsmany_questions. .I I waswas totally_totally_ ,standing,standing therethere i
18、n_in_ ,not,not knowingknowing whatwhat toto dodo. . 答案 confused; confusing; confused; confusion 2compare (1)vt.比较比较， 对照；比作对照；比作 Dont compare your strengths with others weaknesses. 不要拿你的强项和别人的弱点相比不要拿你的强项和别人的弱点相比。 You can never compare apples with oranges.(谚谚)风马牛不相及风马牛不相及。 Shakespeare compared the wor
19、ld to a stage. 莎士比亚把这个世界比作舞台莎士比亚把这个世界比作舞台。 (2)n. 比较比较 She is lovely beyond compare. 她真是可爱得无与伦比她真是可爱得无与伦比。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【完成句子完成句子】 _ (把把这辆车与那辆车比较这辆车与那辆车比较)，and you will find differences. _ (把这辆车与那辆车比较把这辆车与那辆车比较)，you will find differences. _ (把这辆车与那辆车比较把这辆车与那辆车比较)，this one is better in quality. _ (可以被比作
20、可以被比作)，angels in white. 答案：答案： Compare this car with that one Comparing this car with that one Compared to/with that one can be compared to 3differ (1)vi.不同；有区别不同；有区别 Chinese differs greatly from English in pronunciation. 汉语的发音与英语大不相同汉语的发音与英语大不相同。 The brothers differ widely in their tastes. 他们弟兄的爱好大
21、相径庭他们弟兄的爱好大相径庭。 (2)vi. 意见分歧或相左意见分歧或相左 Im sorry to differ about this matter. 对不起对不起，关于这件事关于这件事，我的看法不同我的看法不同。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【完成句子完成句子】 在这方面法语不同于英语在这方面法语不同于英语。 French _ English _this respect. 他们在生活方式上如此不同他们在生活方式上如此不同。 They are so _ life style. differs from in different in 4remark (1)n.C评论；讲话；谈论评论；讲话；谈论 He
22、 had a habit of making humorous remarks. 他有说幽默话的习惯他有说幽默话的习惯。 Dont make remarks about others. 不要对别人评头论足不要对别人评头论足。 (2) vt.谈到；评论；说谈到；评论；说(that) A local newspaper remarked that crime was on the decrease. 一家地方报纸评论说犯罪案件在减少一家地方报纸评论说犯罪案件在减少。 (3)vt.谈论谈论，议论；评论议论；评论 Professor Smith remarked on the difference b
23、etween the two dictionaries. 史密斯教授谈到了这两本词典的不同之处史密斯教授谈到了这两本词典的不同之处。 They were remarking on stock markets when I came into the room.当我进屋的时候当我进屋的时候，他们正在谈论股市他们正在谈论股市。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 用用remark的适当形式填空的适当形式填空 Friends often_(remark)on how alike she and Zhang Ziyi look. The teacher_ (remark)that I had made _ (rem
24、ark) progress. remark remarked remarkable 1have.in common在在方面有相同之处方面有相同之处 They have much in common. 他们有很多共同之处他们有很多共同之处。 Dont bother me.We have nothing in common. 别烦我别烦我！我们没有共同语言我们没有共同语言。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【完成句子完成句子】 我们发现彼此有很多共同点我们发现彼此有很多共同点，很合得来很合得来。 We found that we_a lot_and got on well. 艾米和她的妹妹一样非常喜欢唱歌艾
25、米和她的妹妹一样非常喜欢唱歌。 _ her sister, Amy likes singing very much. 尽管我们是朋友尽管我们是朋友，但我和简毫无共同之处但我和简毫无共同之处。 Though we are friends, I _ Jane. had in common In common with have nothing in common with 2. make a difference 有影响；起重要作用有影响；起重要作用 Your support will certainly make a difference in our class. 你的支持当然将会在我们班上产
26、生影响你的支持当然将会在我们班上产生影响。 We can hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference by discovering what we do best. 只有发现自己的长处才有希望达到目标并产生影响只有发现自己的长处才有希望达到目标并产生影响。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【完成句子完成句子】 转学对我的一生有着重大影响转学对我的一生有着重大影响。 Changing schools_ my life. 谁将获胜对于我来说没什么两样谁将获胜对于我来说没什么两样。 _who will win. made a big differen
27、ce to It makes no difference to me 3get around (1) 到处走动到处走动 Marys father likes getting around. 玛丽的父亲喜欢到处旅行玛丽的父亲喜欢到处旅行。 (2)(消息消息、谣言谣言)传开传开 Rumors get around quickly. 流言传播得很快流言传播得很快。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【完成句子完成句子】 消息已经传出：刘翔将退出比赛消息已经传出：刘翔将退出比赛。 News _ that Liu Xiang would drop out of the race. 我试着给你打了好几次电话我试着给你
28、打了好几次电话，但是没有打通但是没有打通。 I tried calling you several times but I couldnt _. 你跟老板合得来吗你跟老板合得来吗？ Do you _your boss? has got around get through get along with 4be similar to 与与相似相似 Gold is similar in color to brass. 金与黄铜的颜色相似金与黄铜的颜色相似。 My wife and I have similar tastes in music. 我的妻子和我在音乐方面有相似的爱好我的妻子和我在音乐方
29、面有相似的爱好。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【翻译句子翻译句子】 他们两人性格相近他们两人性格相近。 我熟知篮球规则我熟知篮球规则。 _ The two of them are similar in character. I am very familiar with the rules of basketball. /The rules of basketball are familiar to me. _ _ 5lead to (1) 通向通向 All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马条条大路通罗马。 (2)引起引起，导致导致 This misprint led to g
30、reat confusion. 这个印刷错误造成很大的误解这个印刷错误造成很大的误解。 Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disastrous consequences. 这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【完成句子完成句子】 我们的英语老师有一种奇特的方法能促使我们很活跃地学我们的英语老师有一种奇特的方法能促使我们很活跃地学 习英语习英语。 Our English teacher has a strange way of _ study English actively. 过量的工作和过少的休息会
31、引起疾病过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。 Too much work and too little rest often_illness. 答案：答案： leding us to lead to 【单项填空单项填空】 It was sleeping late in the morning that_his being late for work. Adevoted to Bstuck to Creferred to Dled to 解析解析 devote oneself to(be devoted to)“献身于献身于”；stick to“坚持坚持”；refer to“提及提及，参考参考”，
32、都不符合句意都不符合句意。四个选四个选 项中的项中的to均为介词均为介词，该句为强调句型该句为强调句型。强调的是强调的是sleeping late in the morning。 答案答案 D 1Americans use a flashlight，while for the British，its a torch.美国人把手电筒称为美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人却叫它而英国人却叫它 torch。 本句中本句中while作并列连词作并列连词，表示对比表示对比，意为意为“而而，然而然而”。 He likes playing basketball，while I like lis
33、tening to music. 他喜欢打篮球他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐而我喜欢听音乐。 She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact，I was talking about my daughter. 她认为我在说她女儿她认为我在说她女儿，但事实上我在说我女儿但事实上我在说我女儿。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【单项填空单项填空】 _some people come here for a short break, others have decided to stay forever. ABecause BIf COnce
34、DWhile 解析解析 while在此作并列连词在此作并列连词，连接两个并列分句连接两个并列分句，表示前后表示前后 情况的对比情况的对比。 D Mary made coffee_her guests were finishing their meal. Aso that Balthough Cwhile Das if 解析解析 while在句中作从属连词在句中作从属连词，引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句，表示表示 “当当的时候的时候”。 C 2A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than un
35、derstanding a New Yorker. 伦敦人要听伦敦人要听 懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。 have difficulty in doing sth/with sth 做某事有困难做某事有困难 (difficulty 为不可数名词；为不可数名词；in 常可以省略常可以省略) I have difficulty (in) telling the difference between the twin sisters. 辨别这对双胞胎姐妹对我来说很困难辨别这对双胞胎姐妹对我来说很困难。 I dont have muc
36、h difficulty with English grammar. 我在英语语法方面没有很大的困难我在英语语法方面没有很大的困难。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【单项填空单项填空】 Youll imagine what difficulty we had_home in the snowstorm. AWalked Bwalk Cto walk Dwalking 解析解析 考查动名词构成的短语考查动名词构成的短语。句意：你会想象到我们在暴句意：你会想象到我们在暴 风雪中走回家遇到了多么大的困难风雪中走回家遇到了多么大的困难。这句话中包含一个固定这句话中包含一个固定 句型句型，即：即：have di
37、fficulty (in) doing something。 D 3. The nonstop communication，the experts think，has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other. 专家们认为专家们认为，这种不间断的交流使英国人和美国这种不间断的交流使英国人和美国 人彼此理解起来更加容易人彼此理解起来更加容易。 made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other是是“m
38、ake宾语宾补宾语宾补”结构的一种特殊形式结构的一种特殊形式，其其 中中it为形式宾语为形式宾语，真正的宾语为宾补后的不定式短语真正的宾语为宾补后的不定式短语。当宾语当宾语 较长较长，且宾语后有补语时且宾语后有补语时，常用常用it作形式宾语作形式宾语，而把真正的宾而把真正的宾 语放到补语后面语放到补语后面。 She made it her duty to look after these children. 她把照顾这些孩子作为她的义务她把照顾这些孩子作为她的义务。 The rain made it more difficult for us to finish the work on tim
39、e. 大雨使我们更难按时完成工作大雨使我们更难按时完成工作。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】 【翻译句子翻译句子】 我发现学好英语是必要的我发现学好英语是必要的。 _ 他感觉帮助别人是他的职责他感觉帮助别人是他的职责。 _ I find it necessary to learn English well. He feels it his duty to help others. 1_ adv. 迅速地迅速地 2. _ n声明；宣告声明；宣告 3. _ n. (广播广播、电视节目的电视节目的)期；版期；版 4. _adj. 逗人喜爱的逗人喜爱的 5. _vt. 加；增加加；增加 6. _ vt.陈述；提
40、出陈述；提出(观点观点、计划等计划等) announcement rapidly edition cute add present .单词识记单词识记 Period Two Vocabulary and Listening；Everyday English； Function；Speaking and Writing 1. _ 和和相处；进展相处；进展 2. _迄今为止迄今为止 3. _ 习惯于习惯于 4. _偶然学会；捡起；搭载；好转偶然学会；捡起；搭载；好转 5. wear off _ 6. in favour of_ 7. refer to.as._ 8. make a fuss of
41、sb_ get on with so far get/be used to pick up 磨损；慢慢消失磨损；慢慢消失 同意；支持同意；支持 称称为为 对某人过分体贴对某人过分体贴 .短语天地短语天地 1As you know，every week on this programme we discuss an aspect of the way we live now，and todays topic is the language we speakEnglish. 信息提取信息提取 the way (in which/that) 定语从句定语从句。 例句仿写例句仿写 你回答问题的方式很让
42、人佩服你回答问题的方式很让人佩服。 The way _ was admirable. (in which/that) you answered the question .句型搜索句型搜索 2Im getting on just fine，now that I understand the local accent. 信息提取信息提取 now that.既然既然，引导原因状语从句引导原因状语从句。 例句仿写例句仿写 你已经给孩子们承诺了你已经给孩子们承诺了，你最好履行诺言你最好履行诺言。 _ ， youd better carry it out. Now that you have promised your children 1add v加加，加起来；增添加起来；增添，追加追加 The fire is going out; will you add so
