1、高考英语语法考点讲解与练习一、强调句【知识要点】1、强调句用来强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。句型构成为： It be 被强调成分that/who 从句。2、判断是否为强调句的办法是：去掉句首的it be和连接词that/who，如果剩余的成分能构成完整的一个句子，那么这个句子就是一个强调句。It is Tom who broke the window.Tom broke the window. 完整句子，不缺少成分。所以，这个句子是强调句。It is for the first time that I have been here.I have been here for the firs
2、t time.完整句子，不缺少成分。所以，这个句子是强调句。It is the first time that I have been here.I have been here (for) the first time.缺少一个介词for，所以，这个句子不是强调句。【练习】单句语法填空1._ was in that office that they held that important meeting.2.Was it Catherine _ helped you last time?3.It was in the city _ he was born _ finished his stu
3、dy at middle school.4._ was it that made him so happy?5._ was it that he managed it by himself?6.I really wonder _ it was that he managed it by himself.7.Can you tell me _ it will be that will come to visit us tomorrow?8.He didnt tell us whom it was that he _ (have) repair his computer.9.Where did y
4、ou work last year?It was in the city _ I met you last time.10.It was 2008 _ the Olympic Games were held in Beijing.二、倒装句【知识要点】1、倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装。In the north of the city lies a river.（整个谓语部分lies提前到了主语a river前面，这就是全部倒装）Only in this way can we finish it on time.（情态助动词can提前到了主语we之前，实义动词finish仍然留在了主语we之后，
5、这就是部分倒装）Hard as he worked, he failed again.（状语hard提前到了句首，这也是部分倒装）Child as he is, he knows a lot.（表语child提前到了句首，这也是部分倒装）Try as he did, he failed again.（实义动词try提前到了句首，助动词did留在了主语he之后，这也是部分倒装）2、高考中主要考查如下六种倒装：（1）以No或Not为代表的否定副词放置在句首时，引起部分倒装，需要把助动词提前到主语之前。Hardly had he boarded when the train started.Neve
6、r had he heard a better story.（2）as引导的让步状语从句置于句首时，引起部分倒装，需要将状语、表语或谓语中的实义动词前置到句首。Hard as he worked, he failed again.Child as he is, he knows a lot.Try as he did, he failed again.（3）Only+状语（从句）放在句首时，引起主句中的部分倒装，需要将主句中的助动词前置到其主语之前。Only in this way can we finish it on time.Only after he had finished his
7、homework could he had a rest.（4）在so/such that 结果状语从句中，将so/such 提前到句首时引起部分倒装，需要将其助动词前置到主语之前。So interesting a book is it that we all like reading it.Such an interesting book is it that we all like reading it.另外，So did I句式用来表达“一个人做某事，另一个人也做某事”。He likes reading.So does his sister.You are a student.So am
8、 I.（5）以here为代表的地点状语放在句首时，引起全部倒装，需要将整个谓语动词放在主语前面。Here comes the bus.In the center of the forest is a big lake.另外，表示方向性的副词放在句首时，引起全部倒装，需要将整个谓语动词放在主语前面。Out rushed a dog.（6）在if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果含有助动词had, should, 或were时，可以省略if，并将这三个助动词提前到句首。If I were you, I would agree.Were I you, I would agree.If you had come
9、 to the party yesterday, you would have seen that.Had you come to the party yesterday, you would have seen that.If it should rain tomorrow, we couldnt go fishing.Should it rain tomorrow, we couldnt go fishing.If it were to rain tomorrow, we couldnt go fishing.Were it to rain tomorrow, we couldnt go
10、fishing.三、其他一些固定句式【知识要点】（1）It be +时间段 since/ before/after/when从句It is ten years since we met last time.（2）There is no doubt that 从句There is no doubt that he is a hero.（3）祈使句+and/but+含有将来时的陈述句Work hard, and you will succeed one day.Work hard, or you will fail.（4）It takes sb.some time to do sth.It too
11、k him an hour to finish the task.（5）感叹句What a beautiful flower (it is)!How beautiful a flower (it is)!（6）be about to dowhenI was about to leave when someone stopped me.（7）hardlywhen/no soonerthanI had hardly entered the classroom when the bell rang.No sooner had I entered the classroom than the bell
12、 rang.（8）There is no choice but to doThere was no choice but to wait.We had no choice but to wait.We had nothing to do but wait.（9）It be done that 句式及其变形It is believed that he is a hero.It is said that he is a hero.He is believed/said to be a hero.It is said that he has left for Beijing.He is said t
13、o have left for Beijing.（10）It is no wonder thatIt is no wonder that he is absent today.（11）There is no need to do sth.There is no need to do today.You can have a rest first.（12）There is no point doing sth.There is no point arguing with him.（13）It be adj.for/of sb.to do sth.It is kind of you to help
14、 us.It is necessary for you to learn English well.（14）It be useless/no good/no use/a waste of n.doing sth.It is useless doing it at once.You can have a rest first.It has broken down completely.It is a waste of time trying repairing it.（15）make/believe/think it adj./n.to do sth.We all believe it nece
15、ssary to learn a foreign language.【练习】单句语法填空。1.That was really a splendid evening.Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. 2.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. 3._ remains a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project. 4.Follow y
16、our doctors advice, _ your cough will get worse. 5.One more hour _ Ill get the work finished.6.Help others whenever you can _ you will make the world a nicer place to live in. 7.It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness_.8.The little boy came riding full speed down
17、the motorway on his bicycle._ a dangerous scene it was!9.Tom was about to close the window _ his attention was caught by a bird.10.He had no sooner finished his speech _ the students started cheering.11.If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.12.AIDS is said
18、_ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. 13.He was ill yesterday._ is no wonder that he was absent for class.14.Today is Sunday.There is no need _ to school.15.He is a stubborn man.There is no point _ with him.16.It is so difficult for me _ such a he
19、avy box by myself.17.It is no use _ with him.He wont listen to others.18._ is a waste of time doing that.19.He made _ a rule to get up at seven every day.20.After making _ clear that he would not agree with them, the manager left.21.What I can do is _ (do) is to wait.22.Search the website of the Fir
20、e Department in your city, _ you will learn a lot about firefighting.23._ a strange plant! Ive never seen it before.24.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, _ I?25.I dont think that he is right, _ he?26.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, _ she?27.That
21、was really a splendid evening.Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.28.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.29.Follow your doctors advice, _ your cough will get worse.30.He told us whether _ (have) a picnic was still under discussion.四、名词性从句【知识要点】1、名词性从句分为主语
22、从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。这四种从句分别在其主句中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。2、名词性从句的引导词分为连接代词、连接副词和连接词。连接代词在从句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语和定语，连接副词在从句中可以充当状语，连接词在从句中只起连接从句的作用，在从句中不作任何成分，甚至在翻译时没有任何意义。（1）连接代词：指人，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语：who(ever), whom(ever)Who broke the window is still unknown.（主语从句）We dont know who broke the window.（宾语从句）The question i
23、s who broke the window.（表语从句）We had idea who broke the window.（同位语从句）指物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语：what(ever), which(ever)What happened last night made us puzzled.（主语从句）We dont know what happened last night.（宾语从句）The question is what happened last night.（表语从句）We had no idea what happened last night.（同位语从句）既指人
24、又指物，在从句中作定语：whoseWhose product is more practical is difficult to decide.（主语从句）We cant decide whose product is more practical.（宾语从句）The question is whose product is more practical.（表语从句）We had no idea whose product is more practical.（同位语从句）（2）连接副词：在从句中作时间状语：when(ever)When the meeting will be held has
25、nt been decided.（主语从句）We havent decided when the meeting will be held.（宾语从句）The question is when the meeting will be held.（表语从句）We had no idea when the meeting will be held.（同位语从句）在从句中作地点状语：where(ever)Where he comes from is a mystery.（主语从句）We are not clear where he comes from.（宾语从句）The question is w
26、here he comes from.（表语从句）We have no idea where he comes from.（同位语从句）在从句中作原因状语：whyWhy he was absent yesterday hasnt been explained.（主语从句）He hasnt explain why he was absent yesterday.（宾语从句）The question is why he was absent yesterday.（表语从句）We had no idea why he was absent yesterday.（同位语从句）在从句中作方式状语：how
27、(ever)How he managed to finish that difficult task made us surprised.（主语从句）We feel surprised at how he managed to finish that difficult task.（宾语从句）Our surprise is how he managed to finish that difficult task.（表语从句）We had no idea how he managed to finish that difficult task.（同位语从句）（3）连接词：whether/ifWh
28、ether he will come to the party tomorrow is still uncertain.（主语从句）It is uncertain whether he will come to the party tomorrow.（主语从句）We dont know whether he will come to the party tomorrow or not.（宾语从句）We dont know whether/if he will come to the party tomorrow.（宾语从句）The question is whether he will com
29、e to the party tomorrow.（表语从句）We have no idea whether he will come to the party tomorrow.（同位语从句）becauseHe was absent yesterday.It was because he was ill.（表语从句）as if/thoughIt seems as if/though he knew everything.（表语从句）thatThat he comes from China is clear.（主语从句）It is clear that he comes from China.（
30、主语从句）We all know that he comes from China.（宾语从句）The fact is that he comes from China.（表语从句）We all know the fact that he comes from China.（同位语从句）【练习】单句语法填空。1.With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of action.2.As many as five courses are provi
31、ded, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.3._ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.4.It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.5.It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.6._ Li
32、 Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it.7.I truly believe _ beauty comes from within.8._ matters most in learning English is enough practice.9._ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.10.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he cou
33、ld have expressed it differently.11.It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.12._ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championship.13._ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.14.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get.15.I was su
34、rprised by her words, which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made.16.Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home.17.Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decision marriage almost
35、entirely up to luck.18.His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express.19.The villagers have already known that _ well do is to rebuild the bridge.20.From space, the earth looks blue.This is _ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.21.
36、The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.22.It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.23.Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?24.I think _ impressed me about his painting is the colours
37、 he uses.25.A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not _ ships are built for.26.One of the advantages of playing guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.27.The little girl who got lost decided to remain _ she was and wait for her mother.28.Pick yourself up.Courage is doing _ youre afraid t
38、o do.29.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, Thats _ I was born.30._ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.31.Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.32.Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please?33.Could
39、 I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please.34.To improve the quality of our products, we looked for suggestions _ had used the products.35.We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.36.You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting ther
40、e.37.There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.38.The old ladys hand shook frequently.She explained to her doctor _ this shaking had begun half a year before, and_, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.39.The limits of a persons intelligenc
41、e, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.40.Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.41.Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.42.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office
42、 knew _ she was so angry.43.A good friend of mine from _ I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.44.At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better.45.Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rou
43、gh or smooth.46.See the flags on the top of the building? That was _ we did this morning.47.Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything.48.The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park.49.Tomorrow is Toms birthday.Have you got any idea _ t
44、he party is to be held?50.The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.五、状语从句【知识要点】状语从句分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、比较状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语和让步状语从句。1、时间状语从句常用的连接词有：when(ever), while, as, until, since, once, as soon as, immediately, till, before, after, hardly when, no so
45、onerthan, scarcely when, the second/minute/, every/each time。When he came into the room, his father was watching TV.He will not believe anyone until he sees it with his own eyes.He ran out as soon as he heard his mothers voice.We have lived here for 10 years since we settled down here.2、地点状语从句常用的连接词
46、有：where(ever), anywhere, everywhere。Where there is a will, there is a way.3、原因状语从句常用的连接词有：because, for, as, since, now that, seeing that, in that, considering that, given that, as much as, so much as。He was absent for work yesterday because he was ill.Since everyone are present, lets begin.4、结果状语从句常用的连接词有：so that, such that, that。This is so interesting a book that we all like reading it.This is such an interesti
