1、Unit 2 Morals and Virtuesmoral mrl adj.道德的;道义上的 n.品行;道德;寓意 The moral of 的道德教训的道德教训/寓意寓意morally adv.道德上;有道德地;确实地immoral adj.不道德的;邪恶的morality n.U 道德;道德准则；品行 这个故事的寓意是：一个人必须要诚实。这个故事的寓意是：一个人必须要诚实。The moral of the story is that one must be honest.dilemma /dlem/n.进退两难的境地进退两难的境地;困境困境moral dilemma /mrl dlem/
2、道德困境道德困境dilemma dlemn.进退两难的境地;困境 be in a dilemma 处于困境中处于困境中 Face the dilemma about/of 面对面对困境困境 be faced with a dilemma:面临面临左右为难的困境左右为难的困境 他们试图摆脱这个困境。They try to get out of the dilemma.be faced with不表示被动意义，仅表示主语的一种状态。作状语、定语或补语时，要用过去分词短语faced with。完成句子糟糕的天气使我们进退两难是继续前进呢，还是打道回府？The bad weather puts us
3、shall we move on or go back?他认为他们会陷入两难的尴尬境地。He thinks that they .in a dilemmamay face an awkward dilemmafaint fent v.昏倒;晕厥 adj.不清楚的;微弱的 a faint smile 淡淡一笑淡淡一笑 a faint light 微弱的光微弱的光 A faint hope 一丝希望一丝希望 faint memory 模糊的记忆模糊的记忆她的病还有一点点希望可以治愈。There is still a faint hope that she may be cured.They hav
4、e a faint chance of winning the war.几率小=have a slim chance ofillustrate lstretv.(举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图 illustration n.图解；图示；示例 An illustrated textbook 有插图的课本有插图的课本教材原文 Did you hear that James helped an old woman who fell down while crossing the street？你听说詹姆斯帮助一个过马路时摔倒的老太太了吗？句式分析while crossing the stre
5、et是“连词分词短语”结构，是状语从句while she was crossing the street的省略形式。当由when，while，before，after，unless，as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，省略从句中的主语和be动词。省略后从句的形式：连词形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词。While playing with his children outdoors，the father felt very happy.当这位父亲和孩子们在户外玩耍时，他感到非常幸福。Though(it was)cold，he still
6、 wore a shirt.天气虽然冷，他还是(只)穿了一件衬衫。即学即练完成句子他不会去那儿，除非得到邀请。He wont go there .如果可能的话，我会早点儿来。Ill come early .unless(he is)invitedif(it is)possibleMOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES万婴之母“Life is _珍贵的.To a person _没有什么比.更珍贵 their life,and if they _托付 me with that life,how could I refuse that trust,saying Im cold,
7、hungry,or tired?”These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman,and what _ 帮助她度过 a life of hard choices.否定否定+比较级比较级=最高级最高级biographynothing is more precious thanentrustpreciouscarried her throughcarry sb.through sth.帮助某人渡过难关帮助某人渡过难关carry on doing/with.继续做carry out 执
8、行carry sth through 成功地完成；顺利实现His determination carried him through the ordeal.他靠坚强的信心渡过了难关。In my opinion,the plan should be carried out immediately.依我看来，那项计划应该立刻实施。即学即练单句语法填空After his father died,Tom carried on the business.In spite of great efforts,we failed to carry our plans.It was your help that
9、 carried me the hardest time in the foreign country.withoutthroughAs a five-year-old girl,Lin Qiaozhi was _深深影响 by her mothers death.At age 18,instead of _ 走上传统的婚姻之路。like _大多数的 girls,she chose to study medicine.“Why should girls learn so much?Finding a good husband should be their final goal!”her br
10、other _抱怨,thinking _ the _.高昂的学费 She _回复,“Id rather stay single to study all my life!”deeply affectedfollowing the traditional path of marriagecomplainedrespondedthe majority ofofhigh tuition fees marriage n.结婚；婚姻结婚；婚姻marry v.(和某人和某人)结婚；娶；嫁结婚；娶；嫁 marry sb married adj.已婚的；结婚的已婚的；结婚的 be married(to sb)
11、（与（与结婚）【表状态】结婚）【表状态】get married(to sb)(与与结婚）结婚）【表动作【表动作】uShe was a very strict Christian who was married to her job.u the perfect marriage of rice and milku_（marry)for 14 years,they show great devotion and loyalty to each other.例：Many people have expectations of what marriage will be like.许多人对婚姻生活抱有
12、憧憬。许多人对婚姻生活抱有憧憬。Marriedmajority /mdrti/n.大部分大部分;大多数大多数_ _ adj.主要的；多数的主要的；多数的 vi.主修主修_ n少数民族；少数派少数民族；少数派 _ _ adj.次要的；少数的次要的；少数的minoritymajorminor即学即练(1)单句语法填空She once (majority)in philosophy at Harvard.(2)完成句子每学期仅有少数学生获得奖学金。the scholarship every term.majoredOnly a/the minority of students receiveDont
13、 complain about life,it only shows your incompetence.The strong never complain about life.不要抱怨生活，那只能说明你的无能。不要抱怨生活，那只能说明你的无能。强者从来不抱怨生活强者从来不抱怨生活。阿尔伯特阿尔伯特爱因斯坦爱因斯坦阿尔伯特爱因斯坦（Albert Einstein,1879 1955）,世界十大杰出物理学家之一，现代物理学的开创者、集大成者和奠基人。作为20世纪犹太裔理论物理学家，爱因斯坦创立了相对论现代物理学的两大支柱之一（另一个是量子力学），其质能方程E=mc2 著称于世，并因为“对理论物
14、理的贡献，特别是发现了光电效应”的规律而获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。complaincomplain /kmplen/vi.&vt.抱怨抱怨;发牢骚发牢骚_n抱怨complaint complain(to sb.)that.抱怨complain(to sb.)about/of sth.(向某人)抱怨某事make a complaint against/about.对投诉Lots of people have complained about the noise.很多人抱怨过噪音。Im going to complain to the manager about this.我要就这件事向经理投
15、诉。即学即练单句语法填空He phoned a newspaper reporter to complain the reporters story.If the service was so bad,why didnt you complain the manager?Id like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my (complain).about/oftocomplaintrespond /rspnd/vt.回答回答;回复回复 vi.做出反应做出反应response /rspns/n.反应反应;回答回答;回复回复r
16、espond to答复；对做出反应in response to 对做出反应make a/no response to 对做出/不做出回应Millions of people gave freely in response to the appeal for the victims of the earthquake.为响应救济地震灾民的呼吁，几百万人慷慨相助。即学即练单句语法填空I prefer to respond e-mails that I receive right when I get to work.I am writing in (respond)to the position
17、as a volunteer advertised on the Internet.toresponse Eight years later,Lin _从.毕业 Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)with the _文海奖学金,the highest prize given to graduates.She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a _住院医师in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.Within six months,sh
18、e was named a chief resident physician,a position that usually took four years to achieve.After working for a few years,she was sent to study in Europe and then,in1939,in the US.She greatly _使印象深刻 her American colleagues,who invited her to stay.Dr Lin,however,_拒绝邀请.She wanted to serve the women and
19、children at home.graduated from the Students Union 学生会学生会resident physicianWehai Scholarship impressedrejected the offerIn 1941,Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be 任命的；委派的director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital,but just a few months later,the department was closed because
20、 of the war.Thinking of all the people still in need of help,Dr Lin opened _一个私人诊所.She _收费 very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.At times she was even seen riding a donkey to _遥远的 villages to _提供医疗照顾.a private clinicappointedchargedfarawayprovide medical careappoi
21、nt /pnt/vt.任命任命;委派委派_ n约会；任命appointment(1)appoint sb.as/to be.任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事(2)have/make an appointment with sb.与某人有约keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约(3)appointed adj.约定的；指定的We should meet at the appointed time.即学即练单句语法填空My patient broke that important (appoint).I have an appointm
22、ent Dr.Smith，but I need to change it.A nurse was appointed (attend陪同)her during her illness.appointmentwithto attendcharge td n.费用；价钱；主管；负责费用；价钱；主管；负责 vi./vt.收费；控诉；充电收费；控诉；充电(1)take charge of.掌管/负责(sb)be in charge of.控制/管理(sth)be in/under the charge of.受的管理，由负责free of charge(for free)免费(2)charge sb.
23、some money for sth.为某物向某人收取费用charge sb.with(doing)sth.accuse sb.of(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某事即学即练一句多译他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。The programme cant be him because it is beyond his ability.He cant the programme because it is beyond his ability.He cant be the programme because it is beyond his ability.in the charge
24、 oftake charge ofin charge ofThe new Peoples Republic of China _见证 Dr Lin Qiaozhi _发挥重要角色.In 1954,she was elected to the first National Peoples Congress and,over the next several decades,she held many important positions.Her heart,however,was elsewhere.She was more interested in _照顾病人,_发布医学研究 on car
25、e for women and children,and training the next _一代 of doctors.“The OB-GYN department cares for two lives,”She told new staff in her department.“As doctors,we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.sawplaying a key roleelect sb to be/as 选举某人为选举某人为 election n.选举选举tending
26、patientspublishing medical researchgenerationtend /tend/vt.照顾照顾;照料照料 vi.倾向倾向tend to do sth.易于做某事易于做某事;往往发生某事往往发生某事_n倾向；偏好tendency tend(to)sb./sth.照看某人/某物have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向We tend to get cold winters and warm,dry summers in this part of the country.在这个国家的这个地区，冬天往往很冷，夏天温暖干燥。For years sh
27、e tended him in his painful illness.多年来他一直受到病痛的折磨，都是她在照料。即学即练单句语法填空While I hate to admit it，people always tend (judge)a person by his or her appearance initially最初地.There is a slow (tend)that“the beat culture”is popular with the youths in China.to judgetendencyThough Lin Qiaozhi never married,she _作
28、为.而著名 the“mother of ten thousand babies”,having _接生 over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.Dr Lin did not _退休 until the day she died,22 April 1983.Since she had no children of her own,she left her _存款 to a kindergarten and a _ 基金for new doctors.And even as she _,弥留之际 her final thoughts were for others:“
29、Im ready to go,”she said.“Dont try to rescue me any more.Dont waste the medicine any more.”was known asdeliveredretiresavingsfundlay dyingbe known for 因因.而著名而著名retire from.从从.退休退休/as 作为作为.退休退休scared /sked/adj.害怕的害怕的;对对感到惊慌感到惊慌scare /ske(r)/vt.惊吓惊吓;使害怕使害怕 vi.受惊吓受惊吓be scared to death 吓得要死吓得要死be scared
30、 of(doing)sth.害怕某物害怕某物 be scared to do sth.害怕做某事害怕做某事scary skeri 恐怖的恐怖的;吓人的吓人的sacre off/away 吓跑；吓走吓跑；吓走即学即练(1)单句语法填空Im (scare)of telling her what really happened.People are scared use the buses late at night.(2)完成句子最令我害怕的主语从句是我要在一个陌生的地方学习。is that Im going to study in a strange place.scaredtoWhat sca
31、res me mostreplace vt.接替；取代；更换这家工厂用机器人取代了大多数工人。The factory replaced most of its workers with robots.拓展in place of in place 在适当的位置；恰当的 replace sth.take the place of即学即练(1)单句语法填空Most of workers in this factory (replace)by/with robots so far到目前为止现在完成时标志.Now that these basics were place，I was ready to g
32、o all out to carry out the plan.have been replacedinImportant sentence1.“Life is precious.To a person nothing is more precious than their life,and if they entrust me with that life,how could I refuse that trust,saying Im cold,hungry,or tired?”(Para.1)“生命诚可贵。生命诚可贵。对一个人来说，对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更没有什么比他们的生命更
33、加珍贵了。加珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？”否定词否定词与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义。与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义。Life is the most precious to a person.解析解析“否定词比较级”表达最高级含义(1)“否定词比较级”结构中常用的否定词有no,not,never,nothing,nobody，hardly等（2）多种表达方法：否定词形容词/副词比较级（than）没有比没有比更更在我生命中没有人比你更重要了。在我生命中没有人比你更重要了。
34、There is _ in my life.我从来没听过比她更好的声音。我从来没听过比她更好的声音。I have never heard a better voice than her.我找不到更臭的食物了。我找不到更臭的食物了。I cannot find any smellier food.没有什么更便宜了。没有什么更便宜了。There is nothing cheaper.no person more important than you（2）多种表达方法：否定词so/as形容词/副词原级as 没有没有和和一样一样Nothing is so easy as sleeping.没有东西是和睡
35、觉一样简单的。No one is so deaf as those who wont listen.没有人像这些不听劝的人一样聋。I have never seen a person performs as excitedly as he does.我从来没有见过和他一样表演激动的人。（2）多种表达方法：比较级thanany other名词单数 比其他比其他.更更.any of the other名词复数 anything/anyone elese 其他任何事情/任何人她比她班上的任何一个同学都要活泼。她比她班上的任何一个同学都要活泼。(活泼的活泼的 lively)She is more li
36、vely than any other student in her class.She is more lively than any of the other students in her class.She is more lively than anyone else.即学即练(1)单句语法填空I have never heard a (good)voice than hers.It has more fresh water any of the other countries in the world.(2)完成句子汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。Tom is _ in his clas
37、s.实践最为重要。Nothing is practice.betterthanmore intelligent than any other studentas/so important as(more important than)They came back from the park,_all the way.(一路欢声笑语）一路欢声笑语）The students entered the lecture hall,_.(跟随他们的老师）跟随他们的老师）following their teacher(s)talking and laughing现在分词做伴随状语现在分词做伴随状语1.“Li
38、fe is precious.To a person nothing is more precious than their life,and if they entrust me with that life,how could I refuse that trust,saying Im cold,hungry,or tired?”(Para.1)“生命诚可贵。生命诚可贵。对一个人来说，对一个人来说，有什么比他们的生命更加有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？什么呢？你冷？你
39、饿？你困？”画画线部分在句中做什么成分线部分在句中做什么成分？Important sentences句式分析句中saying Im cold，hungry，or tired是现在分词短语作状语。(1)现在分词(短语)作状语，若现在分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，则用doing；若现在分词所表示的动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前，强调先后顺序时，则用having done。(2)这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或表示谓语动词所表示的动作发生时的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。即学即练单句语法填空 (walk)slowly across the gras
40、s，he pointed the gun at the target and fired.(hear)the news，they all jumped with joy.They would be able to reply to our signals，(use)similar methods.All night long I lay awake，(think)of the problem.WalkingHearingusingthinkingHer husband died ten years ago，(leave)her with three children to look after
41、.(fail)for ten times，she had to change her way of doing the experiment.leavingHaving failed(先失败)英语英语中表示中表示第几个做某事的人第几个做某事的人时时，常用，常用to do作作后置后置定语定语，即，即 主语主语+谓语谓语+the first/second/last.+to do sth.(主动做主动做)She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN depar
42、tment of the PUMC Hospital.(Para.3)她她随即随即成为成为北京北京协和医院妇产科协和医院妇产科聘任的聘任的第一位第一位女住院医师。女住院医师。In 1941,Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.(Para.4)1941年，林年，林医生医生成为成为北京协和医院妇产科的北京协和医院妇产科的首位首位中国籍女主任。中国籍女主任。Important sentence(同步同步P44)
43、主语主语+谓语谓语+the first/second/last.+to be done sth.（被动做）（被动做）即学即练单句语法填空Television companies are racing to be the first (screen)his life story.She was the first girl in our school (admit)to Tsinghua University.to screento be admittedImportant sentence(同步同步P43)教材原文 The new Peoples Republic of China saw D
44、r Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role新中国见证了林巧稚医生发挥的关键作用。(2)感官动词see，watch，observe，hear，notice等的宾语补足语有以下形式(以see为例)：see sb.do sth.看见某人做了某事see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事see sb./sth.done看见某人/某物被They knew her very well.They had seen her grow up from childhood.他们很了解她，(因为)他们是看着她长大的。The suspect was seen entering the
45、building.有人看见犯罪嫌疑人进入了大楼。Back from his two-year medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.李医生在非洲提供了两年的医疗服务，他回来后看到家里的母亲得到了很好的照顾十分高兴。即学即练单句语法填空I saw him (leave)a few minutes ago.I saw him (play)football when I came to his school.I often see the boy (blame)by his father for his carelessness.leaveplayingblamedThank You
