1、adverbial clause状语从句：状语从句：一、定义一、定义二、分类：（一）时间状语从句（二、分类：（一）时间状语从句（.时）时）（二）地点状语从句（在（二）地点状语从句（在.)（三）原因状语从句（因为（三）原因状语从句（因为.所以）所以）（四）条件状语从句（四）条件状语从句（如果（如果.)（五）让步状语从句（五）让步状语从句（虽然（虽然.但是）但是）（六）目的状语从句（为了（六）目的状语从句（为了.）（七）结果状语从句（所以）（七）结果状语从句（所以）（八）方式状语从句（就好像（八）方式状语从句（就好像.）（九）比较状语从句（比（九）比较状语从句（比.）状语从句：状语从句：一、一、定
2、义定义 状语从句是副词性从句，修饰主句的动词、形容词状语从句是副词性从句，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词，担任状语。或副词，担任状语。I worked in the company.I worked in the company last year.I worked in the company after I graduated from Peking University.（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句引导词：when/while/as当.时 as 随着，一边.一边 since自从 before 在.之前 after 在.之后 till/until直到 not.until直到.才 as
3、 soon as no sooner.than.一.就:hardly(scarcely).when.directly/immediately/instantly whenever,every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time,all the time.（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句1.引导词：when/while/as When I came in,he was reading.There was a knock at the door while Jim was listening the music.As time go
4、es on,it is getting colder and colder.对比从句动词备注when瞬间，延续当.时，有突然的意思 while延续当.时，有时表示对比as延续随着，一边.一边 （一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句2.引导词：since自从，往往对现在产生了影响。（完成时）He has studied hard since he came to the school.自.以来，已经有多长时间 It is/has been+段时间+since从句（一般过去时)It was+段时间+since从句（过去完成时)It is/has been ten years since they m
5、et each other.It was ten years since they had met each other.（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句3.引导词:before 在.之前 after 在.之后 I will do it before I forgot it.We will start after the teacher comes.It is/will be+时间段+before 从句 还有.久才能 It is ten years before we meet each other.It will be two weeks before we become profess
6、ional players.4.引导词:till/until直到 not.until直到.才 until，not until(主句部分倒装）可位于句首，till不可以 The students did ont stop talking until the teacher came in.Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句5.引导词：as soon as no sooner.than.一.就:hardly(scarcely).when.directly/immediately
7、/instantly 时态：未发生：主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时 已发生：主句一般将来时，从句现在完成时I will give the book to him as soon as I see him.（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句5.引导词：I will write a letter as soon as I get there.As soon as I went in,my sister cried out with pleasure.He had no sooner returned than he bought a house.No sooner had he returned
8、 than he bought a house.对比时态位于句首as soon as 具体分析陈述语序，不倒装no sooner（主）.than.（从）主句过去完成从句一般过去主句部分倒装 hardly(scarcely).（主）when.（从）（一）时间状语从句（一）时间状语从句6.其他引导词：whenever,every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time,all the time.（二）地点状语从句（二）地点状语从句引导词：where/whereverI will take you wherever I go.Where th
9、ere is a will,there is a way.She found her laptop where she lost it.（三）原因状语从句（三）原因状语从句引导词：because,since,as,for now that,seeing that,considering that,in that1.because直接原因，用于回答why的问句2.since一般表示已知的，显然的原因（既然）3.as附带的原因，重点在主句4.for 一般放在后面，对主句进行补充说明 He felt disappointed because he wasnt invited to the party
10、.Since everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.As he didnt know much English,he looked up the words in the dictionary.The story must be true,for I read it in the newspaper.(四四)条件状语从句条件状语从句引导词：if如果，unless除非，as/so long as只要，in case万一 on condition that,supposing,provide 如果，假如1.时态：条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”主句为一般将
11、来时、祈使句、包含情态动词，从句为一般现在时。We shall go there tomorrow if it doesnt rain.Please tell me if you want to leave.You can get great grades if you study hard.(四四)条件状语从句条件状语从句2.if 可能实现 不可能实现：if 虚拟语气if从句主句与现在事实相反if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去现实相反if+主语+had 过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+
12、have 过去分词与将来事实相反1.if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)2.if+主语+were to do3.if+主语+should do主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形(四四)条件状语从句条件状语从句if从句主句与现在事实相反if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去现实相反if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+have 过去分词与将来事实相反1.if+主语+过去式（be动词用were)2.if+主语+were to do3.i
13、f+主语+should do主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形If I were thinner,I could wear those jeans.(现在）If I had slept earlier,I wouldnt have been late.（过去）If Jimmy arrived tomorrow,we could finish it together.（将来）(四四)条件状语从句条件状语从句If I hadnt met Lucy last weekend,I would have gone shopping by myself.Had I not m
14、et Lucy last weekend,I would have went shopping by myself.(五五)让步状语从句让步状语从句引导词：though/although/as/while虽然,even if/even though即使,no matter+疑问词=疑问词ever/whether.(or not)无论.1.though/although虽然:不能与but连用，可与still/yet连用 Though I believe in you,I still need to think it carefully.Though I believe in you,but I
15、need to think it carefully.2.even if/even though即使,even if往往是假设性的，所以可以用于虚拟语气，与if虚拟语气用法类似。(五五)让步状语从句让步状语从句3.as（必）/though 部分倒装adj./adv./n./v.+as/though+主语+谓语Though I am ugly,I am gentle.ugly as/though I am,I am gentle.Though he is a child,he knows a lot.a Child as/though he is,he knows a lot.名词放在as前，不
16、能有冠词Though he might try,he couldnt finish the plan.Try as/though he might,he couldnt finish the plan.动词放在as前，必须是实义动词(六六)目的状语从句目的状语从句引导词：so that/in order that为了，for fear that/lest/in case以免以防目的状语从句的谓语常含有情态动词may,might,should,could,will,would.为了：so that（句首/句中）+从句从句 in order that（句中）+从句从句 They worked ha
17、rder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time.They worked harder than usual in order to finish the work ahead of time.to（句首/句中）+动词原形动词原形in order to（句首/句中）+动词原形动词原形so as to（句中）+动词原形动词原形(七七)结果状语从句结果状语从句引导词：so that结果，所以 so/such.that如此.以至于 too.to太.而不能 enough.to.足够1.so that目的状语从句
18、？谓语常含有情态动词 结果状语从句？前常有，We turned up the radio,so that everyone heard the news.We will tell you the truth so that you can jugde for yourself.(七七)结果状语从句结果状语从句2.so/such.that如此.以至于 so+adj./adv.such+(a/an)n.It is such a wonderful song that everyone likes it.It is so wonderful a song that everyone likes it
19、.3.too.to太.而不能 enough.to.足够Tom is too young to go to school.Tom isnt enough old to go to school.(八八)方式状语从句方式状语从句引导词：as,as.so.,按照，正如 by,with，like as if,as though好像1.as,as.so.,按照，正如Always do to the others as you would be done by.As water is to fish,so air is to man.2.as if,as though好像 陈述事实 不能完成，与事实相反：
20、虚拟语气I feel as if I have a fever.(八八)方式状语从句方式状语从句2.as if,as though好像：虚拟语气He looks as if he were a billionaire.(现在）He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in America.（过去）He studies English so hard as if he would go to the USA.（将来）表示虚拟的时间as if/though 方式状语从句现在一般过去时(be动词用were)过去过去完成时（h
21、ad done)将来would/might/could+动词原形(九九)比较状语从句比较状语从句1.原级比较：as.(adj./adv.)as the same as.(n./prep.或相关短语）和.一样2.比较级+than.比.3.the+比较级,the+比较级 越.越.-状语从句中 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,从句中通常省略。由when,while,as,until,once,before等引导的时间状语从句(he was)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,从句中通常省略。由where,wher
22、ever 引导的地点状语从句 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,从句中通常省略。由as,as if,as though引导的方式状语从句 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,从句中通常省略。由if,unless等引导的条件状语从句注意：在含有were,had,should的虚拟条件从句中if 可省略,但需把were,had,should 提到句首如果我是一只鸟的话,我将在天空中翱翔。If I were a bird,I would fly high in the sky.要不是你帮忙的话,我会受很多苦。If
23、it had not been for your help,I would have suffered a lot.万一它坏掉的话,由我们自己出资修理。If it should break down,we would fix it at our own expense.当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句的主语是it，且又含有be动词时,从句中通常省略。由though,although,even if,even though等引导的让步状语从句由as/so.as，than引导的比较状语从句中有多种成分可以省略。I have always lived more in the future
24、 than(I have lived)in the present.我总是生活在对未来的想象中,而不是当下。Fred doesnt calculate so accurately as Arthur(does).弗雷德计算得不如阿瑟那么准确。They were as anxious as he was(anxious).他们像他一样焦急。状语从句状语从句课堂练习1.Some people enjoy themselves they stay.A.which B.wherever C.however D.where2.you take a taxi,youll still miss your t
25、rain.A.Even if B.Even C.If D.As long as3.They stayed away from the window anyone should see them.A.so that B.so long as C.lest D.provided that4.Try she might,Sue couldnt get the door open.A.if B.when C.since D.As5.Aman escaped from prison last night.It wasnt long the guards discovered what had happe
26、ned.A.until B.before C.since D.when6.I havent seen Ann for long that Ive forgotten what she looks like.A.such B.very C.so D.too 7.Medicine should not be kept it is approachable to children.A.when B.where C.which D.that8.a)It will be years we meet again.b)Its ten years I came to this town.c)Its ten y
27、ears ago I came to this town.A.when B.that C.before D.since9.After you finish reading,be sure to place the book it used to be.A.immediately B.where C.when D.though22.As is reported,it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.A.when B.before C.after D.since23.I will pay a visit to my old friend she comes back from abroad.A.the time when B.the moment when C.the minute D.on the minute24.You may put up the over coat you like.A.when B.how C.where D.though
