1、The Attributive Clause定语从句1.定语从句：在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。4.分类：限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,that,aswhere,when,why关系词通常有下列三个作用：关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.A.引导
2、定语从句；引导定语从句；B.B.代替先行词；代替先行词；C.C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。在定语从句中担当一个成分。The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.The man is a policeman.Who is shaking hands with my father?The man is shaking hands with my father.定语从句的关系词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语，宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语，宾语，表语),whose(定语)that(主语，宾语),which(主语
3、，宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)关系代词可指代从句中的成分whowhomwhichthatwhose人主语、宾语人宾语物主语、宾语人、物主语、宾语、表语人、物定语(1)who,whom,that,whose 用法区别用法区别 who 作定语从句的主语或宾语作定语从句的主语或宾语.There is a girl who wants to see you.There is a girl.The girl wants to see you.分解分解作主语作主语He wants to find the kid who he met yesterda
4、y.He wants to find the kid.He met the kid yesterday.分解分解作宾语作宾语 whom 作定语从句的宾语作定语从句的宾语 The old man whom you saw yesterday is a thinker.The old man is a thinker.You saw the old man yesterday.分解分解作宾语作宾语 that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语可以作定语从句的主语和宾语(既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物 ).The old man whom/(that)you saw yesterday is a thin
5、ker.可省略可省略 There is a girl who/that wants to see you.The meeting(that)you have missed yesterday was very important.whose 作定语从句的定语作定语从句的定语 (whose表示表示“所属所属”关系关系，既可以，既可以指指人，也可以人，也可以指物指物).This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.分解分解This is the scientist.The scientists name is know
6、n all over the country.作定语作定语I like the room window faces the south.whose其实就是先行词的所有格whoseI like the book(which/that)you bought yesterday.This is a truck which/that is made in China.(2)which,that 的用法（指物）的用法（指物）which 作定语从句的主语或宾语作定语从句的主语或宾语.可省略可省略作主语作主语作宾语作宾语定语从句只能用that不能用which的情况（6种）(1)(1)当当先行词为先行词为so
7、mething,everything,nothing,anything，all,none,little,few等等不定代词不定代词或被或被 不定代词不定代词修饰时。修饰时。(2)(2)当先行词有当先行词有the only、the very、the last等限定词等限定词修饰时修饰时。Ive read all the books that you lend me.Everything that we saw in this film was true.This is the only problem that remains to be settled.allEverythingthe onl
8、y These articles are the very ones that should be read.the very(3)(3)先行词是先行词是序数词序数词/最高级形容词最高级形容词时，或先行词时，或先行词被序数词，最被序数词，最高级形容词修饰时高级形容词修饰时(4)(4)先行词先行词同时包括人和物同时包括人和物时时 Shanghai is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited.This is the first film that I have seen since I came here.the most beautif
9、ulthe first(5)(5)避免重复避免重复 主句以主句以therethere、herehere、疑问词、疑问词who或或which开头时 两个定语从句，其中一个用两个定语从句，其中一个用which另一个用另一个用thatWhichWhowhichThere(6)(6)先行词先行词在主句中在主句中作表语作表语,关系词关系词在从句中也在从句中也作表语作表语分解分解Shanghai is no longer the city.It used to be the city.作表语作表语作表语作表语小试牛刀1.The boy and the dog are in the picture are
10、very lovely.2.She is the only person know the truth.3.In spite of all has been said,quite a lot of people are still uncertain about the prices of housing in China.4.It is the tallest building Daming has seen ever since he came here.thatthatthatthat5.Who is the student was late for school today?6.The
11、 first museum he visited in China was the History Museum.7.She said she would do anything could help her mother recover from the disease.that that that 定语从句不能用that的情况（5种）（1 1）当先行词为）当先行词为those,one,ones,anyone,nobody，somebody,someone,everybody等等指人的不定代词指人的不定代词时，用时，用who。The one who knows me well is Tom.
12、（2 2）主句为主句为there be+sb.句型句型，用，用who.There is a man who wants to see you.（3 3）介词后面（指物：）介词后面（指物：介词介词+which;指人：指人：介词介词+whom)I like the house in _ I live now.比较：比较：I like the house_I live in now.The boy to _ you were talking a moment ago is called Jack.比较：比较：The boy _ you were talking to a moment ago is
13、called Jack.whichwhom(whom/who/that)(which/that)注意：不是所有的动词词组都能拆He is the man that/who/whom/we are looking for.He is the man for whom we are looking.一般look的词组都不能拆！要观察句子的动词是否能与先行词直接连用，会不会漏掉介词！I like the chair that he sits.XXon(4)(4)非限制性定语从句中，非限制性定语从句中，引导词不能用引导词不能用that;I have passed the mid-term exam,w
14、hich makes my mother very excited.(5)(5)当先行词是前面当先行词是前面整个句子整个句子的时候，的时候，只能用只能用which;My sister has won the first prize,_ is good news.whichas 引导限制性定语从句，作关系代词，既可指人又可指物,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。常用于下列结构:such+名词+as,意为像一样的；像之类的”;such(+代词+as)意为“像一样的；像之类的”；the same(+名词+)as,意为“和一样的”。1.He is such a man as is always ready
15、to help others.2.I have the same book as you(have).我有一本和你的一样的书。3.Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected.那些对世界作出巨大贡献的人应受到极大的尊重。as 引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为整个主句或主句中的一部分,意为“正如”;指整个句子时，从句可位于句首、句尾或句中。as is well-known/known to all as is expected/reported/announced as has been said before as is mentioned above Shakespeare is a famous writer,as everybody knows.=As everybody knows,Shakespeare is a famous writer.=Shakespeare,as everybody knows,is a famous writer.
