1、1/12 1sculpt v雕刻，雕塑sculpture n雕刻品，雕像 2oppose v反对opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的 3behave v. 举止behavior n举止，行为 4confuse v使困惑confusing adj.令人困惑的confused adj.困惑的 confusion n. 困惑 5alarm n警报器；闹钟alarmed adj.警觉的 6reflect v显示，反映reflection n显示，反映 7create v创造creative adj.创造(性)的creativity n创造性，创造力 8visible adj.看得
2、见的，可见的invisible adj.看不见的 unique adj.极好的，难得的，不同寻常的；特别的；独一无二的 Each persons fingerprints are unique. 独一无二的 This is a unique opportunity to study these creatures. 难得的 One reason is that they have a unique learning style. 特别的 Words And Phrases 知识要点 1 have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难/麻烦 (教材原句 P14) Have
3、you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English? 你有没有问过自己，为什么人们常常觉得学习英语很困难？ 例 1 Many parents frankly admit that they have trouble bringing up their children. 许多家长坦诚，他们在抚养子女的问题上有困难。 例 2 I can speak a little Chinese，but I have trouble reading and writing 2/12 Chinese characters.
4、 我会说一点汉语，但是在阅读和书写汉字方面我有困难。 翻译 他没有告诉我他解决这个问题有多难。 He didnt tell me what trouble he had working out the problem. 知识拓展 in trouble 处于困境中 out of trouble 摆脱困境 get into trouble 陷入困境 get sb.into/out of trouble 使某人陷入/摆脱困境 take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳做某事；费神做某事 have trouble with sth. 做某事有困难/麻烦 即学即练 单句语法填空 I
5、f you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to lend a hand. Whenever we have trouble with our studies，our teachers always help us patiently. Thanks for the trouble you have taken to help (help) us. What worries me is that I am really having trouble collecting (collect) useful information. 知识要点 2 opp
6、osing adj. (观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的 (教材原句 P15) If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”，why are “hardly” and “softly”not an opposing pair? 如果“hard”(坚硬的)是“soft”(柔软的)的反义词，为什么“hardly”(几乎 不)和“softly”(柔软地)却不是一对反义词呢？ 例 1 My sister and I have opposing views on raising children. 我的姐姐与我对于养育儿女持有相反的观点。 例 2 Throughout the n
7、egotiations Tom and Jack took opposing views. 整个谈判过程中，汤姆和杰克持的观点是对立的。 知识拓展 (1)opposite adj.相反的，迥然不同的；对面的 prep.在对面 adv.在对面 n. 对立面，对立的人(或物) 3/12 be opposite to 与相反，在对面 just the opposite 正好相反 (2)oppose v. 反对，抵制 oppose (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事 (3)opposition n. U(强烈的)反对，反抗 (4)opposed adj. 强烈反对；(意见、看法等)截然不同 be
8、 opposed to sth. 反对某事 即学即练 用 oppose 的适当形式填空 The couple was looking forward to an overseas wedding but had to drop the idea after facing opposition from parents. Not everybody agree to the plan.Some support it，while I am one of those who are opposed to it. The twins have opposing attitudes towards li
9、fe.Thus， one is living happily， and the other is just the opposite. 知识要点 3 behavio(u)r n行为，举止；表现方式 (教材原句 P15) If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions， why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same? 如果 harmless actions(无害的行为)是 harmful actions(有害的行为)的反义词， 为什么 shameless behaviors(无耻
10、的行为)和 shameful behaviors(可耻的行为)是同 义词呢？ 例 1 His behavior in school is beginning to improve.他在学校的表现开 始改善。 例 2 It is necessary to reward children for their good behavior. 对孩子们的良好行为给予奖励是有必要的。 翻译 汤姆因为在课堂上的恶劣行为被惩罚了。 Tom was punished for his bad behavior in class. 知识拓展 behave v 表现；表现得体，有礼貌 behave well/badl
11、y 举止得当/不得当 behave oneself 守规矩，行为检点 4/12 即学即练 单句语法填空 My cousin Jim didnt behave himself (he) at the party and thus left a bad impression on the guests. The boy behaved (behave) well at the banquet(宴会)and everyone praised his proper behavior.( behave) As a teacher，you shouldnt look down upon those stu
12、dents who behave badly (bad) in school.What you should do is help and love them. 小片段填空 Everyone here behaves very politely and tourists are deeply impressed with their elegant behavior.(behave) 知识要点 4 confusing adj.令人困惑的，难以理解的，不清楚的 (教材原句 P15) Even the smallest words can be confusing. 即使最简单的词也可能让人感到困
13、惑。 例 1 The film is so confusing that I cant understand it.这部电影如此令人 困惑以至于我看不懂。 例 2 The instructions on the box are confusing. 盒子上的使用说明令人费解。 翻译 对来自这三个地区的人们来说，这也许令人困惑。 This may be confusing for people from these three regions. 知识拓展 (1)confuse vt. 使迷惑，使糊涂；混淆 confuse A with/and B 把 A 和 B 混淆 (2)confused a
14、dj. 困惑的，糊涂的(常用来修饰人或人的 表情、声音等) be confused about. 对感到困惑 (3)confusion n. 困惑；困窘；混乱局面 in confusion 困惑地；困窘地 即学即练 单句语法填空 Be careful not to confuse “abroad”with/and“aboard”The two words are very similar. 5/12 He looked at me in confusion (confuse) and did not answer the question. When you are confused abou
15、t some words in reading，you can refer to the dictionary. 小片段填空 They confused me by asking so many confusing questions.I was totally confused，standing there in confusion and not knowing what to do next.(confuse) 知识要点 5 (教材原句 P15) You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a
16、house can burn up as it burns down，in which you fill in a form by filling it out，and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off! 你也一定对一门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中，当一座房子“被 烧毁”(burns down)时它就“烧毁”(burn up)了；你通过“填写它”(filling it out) 的方式“填写表格”(fill in a form)；闹钟只有在它响起(goes off)时才被听到！ (1)burn up 烧毁；烧尽 例 1 A
17、erobic exercise gets the heart pumping and helps you to burn up the fat. 有氧运动加速心脏跳动，有助于消耗更多脂肪。 例 2 Most of the woodland has now been burnt up. 现在大多数林地被烧光了。 翻译 快走比慢跑消耗更多的热量。 Brisk walking burns up more calories than slow jogging. 知识拓展 burn down 烧毁，烧掉(多指建筑物被烧塌) burn sth.off 烧掉某物 burn (sth.) out 烧坏；燃尽
18、burn.to the ground 把彻底烧毁 即学即练 单句语法填空 The bushfire actually helped to burn off a lot of dead undergrowth. The fire had burnt out before the fire engines arrived. The great fire burned the teaching building to the ground. She was worried that the house might burn up/down while they were away. 6/12 (2)
19、alarm nU惊恐，惊慌；C警报器，警报；闹钟 vt.使担心，使害怕， 使惊恐 例 1 Set the alarm for 6 oclock，or you will be late for the flight tomorrow. 把闹钟定在 6 点钟，否则你明天会误了航班。 例 2 The captain knew there was a fault in an engine but he didnt want to alarm the passengers. 船长知道有一台发动机出了故障，不过他不想惊动乘客。 翻译 我敲了所有的门让大家警觉。 I knocked on all the d
20、oors to raise/sound the alarm. 知识拓展 (1)in alarm 惊慌地(常作方式状语) raise/sound the alarm 发出警报 (2)alarming adj. 使人惊恐的，令人惊慌的 (3)alarmed adj. 担心，害怕 be/feel alarmed by/at sth. 因某事而担心/害怕 即学即练 单句语法填空 The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming(alarm)rate，which should arouse the governments attention. Hearing
21、 a loud noise outside his door，he jumped up in alarm. People were alarmed at/by a series of campus fires in recent years.In each of these accidents，many deaths were reported. 知识要点 6 reflect v显示，表明；反射；反映，映出(影像)；沉思，认真 思考 (教材原句 P15) English was invented by people， not computers， and it reflects the cre
22、ativity of the human race. 英语是由人而不是电脑发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。 例 1 The literature of a period reflects its values. 某一时期的文学可反映出该时期的价值观。 例 2 She could see her face reflected in the cars windshield. 7/12 她看到自己的脸映照在汽车玻璃上。 翻译 山脚下，阳光照在湖面上，使它在富饶乡村(景色)的映衬下，如钻 石般闪耀璀璨。 At the foot of the mountains，the sunshine reflects
23、 on the lake，making it shine like diamonds against the rich countryside. 知识拓展 (1)reflect sb./sth.in sth. 在里映出 reflect on/upon. 认真思考 (2)reflection n. 反射；映像；沉思 即学即练 单句语法填空 Our school motto reflects (reflect) the importance we place on good manners， hard work and success. The lake is calm and clear，and
24、 one of the things that are reflected in the water is the famous tower. I think you should stop for a moment and reflect on/upon your success and failure. What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection(reflect)and a sign of respect fo
25、r what the last speaker has said. 知识要点 7 wind up 给(机械)上发条；摇动(把手等)；使(活动、会议等)结 束 (教材原句 P15) And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，but when I wind up this passage，it ends. 那也是为什么当我给手表 wind up(上紧)发条时，它开始走，但是当我 wind up(结束)这篇文章时，它就到结尾了。 例 1 The President is about to wind up his visit to China.
26、 总统即将结束对中国的访问。 例 2 After he got into the car，he started winding the window up. 上了车以后，他开始摇上车窗。 知识拓展 8/12 wind ones way 蜿蜒前进 wind down 放松一下 wind up doing 最终做；最终落得 即学即练 单句语法填空 I find it difficult to wind down after a day at work. I wound up doing (do) the job just to keep my customers happy. The Great
27、Wall winds its (it) way from west to east，through valleys，over mountains，across deserts until at last it reaches the sea. Sentence Patterns 重点句式 1 neither.nor.既不也不 (教材原句 P14) Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. pineapple(菠萝)里既没有 pine(松树)也没有 apple(苹果)。 句式分析：neither.nor.既不也不，连接句中两个并列的句子成分， 当
28、连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。 例 1 Neither was my wife nor my parents able to persuade my daughter to change her mind. 我妻子和我父母没能说服我女儿改变主意。 例 2 Neither has he done it，nor will he do it. 他没有做过这事，他以后也不会做这事。 造句 理论没有实践不行，实践没有理论也不行。 Neither could theory do without practice，nor could practice do without theory. 知识拓展
29、(1)可以单独使用 neither 作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。 (2)neither 或 nor 表示“一个人没有做某事， 另一个人也没做同一类事”时， 可用 neither 或 nor 的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither / Nor助 动词/情态动词/be 动词主语。 翻译 他们俩都不喜欢足球。 Neither of them likes football. 昨天他们没去公园，我们也没去。 9/12 They didnt go to the park yesterday.Neither/ Nor did we. 重点句式 2 get sb.doing 使某人一直做或者处
30、于某状态 (教材原句 P14) This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn. 这让我不禁思考，英语学起来怎么会是一门疯狂的语言。 句式分析：get sb.doing 使某人一直做或者处于某状态，宾语与宾补之间为 主动关系，且宾补动作一直在进行。 例 1 He tried to get the machine running. 他尽力让机器转着。 例 2 Who can get the water running? 谁能让水流着？ 造句 我们一启动加热器，汽车就开始预热。 Once we got the he
31、ater going，the car started to warm up. 知识拓展 (1)get sb.to do sth. 使某人做某事 (2)get sth.done 使某事被做 翻译 医生将让那位病人戒烟。 The doctor will get the patient to stop smoking. 你最好去理发。 Youd better go and get your hair cut. 即学即练 单句语法填空 I managed to get the car moving(move) If you can get them to talk(talk)，your problem
32、 is solved. I got that broken window replaced(replace) at last. 重点句式 3 That/This is why.那/这就是的原因。 (教材原句 P15) That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out，they are invisible. 那就是为什么星星出来(out)时， 它们可以被看到(visible)， 但是当灯熄灭(out) 后，它们不能被看到(invisible)。 句式分析：That/This is w
33、hy.意为“那/这就是的原因”，why 引导表语 10/12 从句，表示结果。 例 1 Thats why more and more foreigners are interested in learning Chinese. 那就是越来越多的外国人对学汉语感兴趣的原因。 例 2 Thats why I insist the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice. 那就是我坚持认为长江之行是更好的选择的原因。 造句 那就是为什么鱼类喜欢浅水而不是深水的原因，因为前者更温暖 些。 That is why fish prefer
34、 shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. 知识拓展 (1)This/That/It is because.这/那是因为(because 引导表语从句，表示原 因) (2)The reason why.is/was that.的原因是(why 引导定语从句并在从 句中作状语；that 引导表语从句，表示原因) 翻译 Maybe its because we have seldom sat down and exchanged our feelings and thoughts. 那可能是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。
35、The reason why he wasnt admitted into a key university was that his grades were too low. 他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。 即学即练 一句多译 他从一棵很高的树上摔下来。那就是他弄伤腿的原因。 He fell from a tall tree.Thats why he hurt his leg. He hurt his leg.Thats because he fell from a tall tree. The reason why he hurt his leg was that he fel
36、l from a tall tree. 教材 高考 11/12 1.That is why when the stars are out， they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible. (2018 浙江卷)This is why there is a saying that if you want something done， ask a busy person to do it. 2.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. (2019 全国卷) Witho
37、ut motivation， you can neither set a goal nor reach it. 3.English was invented by people， not computers ， and it reflects the creativity of the human race. (2019 全国卷) But that changed when a system of high- tech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley b
38、elow. 4.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down，in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off！ (2018 全国卷) Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out！ 5.Have y
39、ou ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English？ (2018 天津卷)If your awareness is as sharp as it could be，youll have no trouble answering these questions. .单句语法填空 1She is satisfied with the childrens good behavior (behave) 2His writing is so confusing (confuse) that it is difficu
40、lt to make out what it is he wants to express. 3Your clothes are often a reflection (reflect) of your personality. 4Though they are twins，they have opposing (oppose) ideas about it. 5As a teacher，we should encourage a students creativity(create) 6The mountains are invisible (visible) because of the
41、clouds. 7Her sculpture (sculpt) will be on show at the museum until the end of this month. 8Alarmed (alarm) by the noise，the birds flew away. 12/12 9Ive got a cold；that is why I wouldnt like to have a meal. 10My duty was to get the four of us studying (study) the subject. .选词填空 look out of， what abo
42、ut， speaking of.， go off， for example， burn up， have trouble in，fill in，wind up，in ones free time 1Do you know how much energy you will burn up during the relay race? 2Look out of the window! Its snowing. 3If we all agree，lets wind up the discussion. 4. Speaking of bicycle，some people think it has o
43、utdated in many big cities. 5Please fill in this form，giving your name，age and address. 6We often have trouble in using neutral pens because of its limited ink and other inconvenience. 7Prices have risen sharply.The price of vegetables，for example，has risen by over 10%. 8The gun went off and the bul
44、let went flying over his head. 9I play tennis in my free time.What about you? 10What about going out for a walk after supper? .课文语法填空 Have you ever asked 1.yourself (you) why people often have trouble 2.learning (learn) English? I hadnt， until one day my five- year- old son asked me 3.whether there
45、was ham in a hamburger or not.This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language 4.to learn (learn) Even the smallest words can be 5. confusing (confuse)You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in 6.which a house can burn up as it burns down，and in which an alarm 7.is heard
46、(hear) once it goes off! English was invented by people，not computers，and it reflects the 8.creativity (create) of the human race.That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the 9.lights (light) are out， they are invisible.And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，10.but when I wind up this passage，it ends.
