1、1/5 定语从句() 一、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句 观察例句 Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？还记得你加入我们俱 乐部的那一天吗？ In the dark street，there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。 归纳用法 在“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中， 关系代词只可用 whom 或 which， 不可用 that。 即时训练 1 单句语法填空 1The university in whic
2、h my brother once studied is very famous. 2This is the man from whom I learned a lot in my life. 3September 30th is the day by which you must pay your bill. 4Here comes Tom，for whom I have been waiting an hour or so. 5This is the school of which we are greatly proud. 二、关系代词前介词的选用 观察例句 This is the ho
3、use in which the inventor lived. 这就是那位发明家住过的房子。 He is a person of whom everyone has heard. 他是一个大家都听说过的人。 He has a book in his hand the cover of which is missing. 他手拿一本缺了封面的书。 There are sixty students in our class，twenty of whom are girls. 我们班有六十名学生，其中二十名是女生。 The factory produces half a million pairs
4、 of shoes every year,80% of which are sold abroad. 2/5 这家工厂每年生产 50 万双鞋子，其中的 80%销往国外。 There are two rooms，the smaller of which is my study room. 有两个房间，较小的那个是我的书房。 归纳用法 介词的选择可以总结为：“一先、二动、三意义、四特殊”。 1一先，即先看先行词，从先行词入手。介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。 (比如先行词表示时间，常和 on，in，by 搭配；表示地点，常与 on，in，at 搭配； 表示原因，与 for 搭配；表示方式，常与 in
5、，by，with 搭配) 2二动，即看从句中的谓语动词。根据从句中谓语动词与介词的固定搭配 选择合适的介词。 3三意义：通过判断主句表达的全部意义来确定合适的介词。 4四特殊：介词 of 常用于表示部分与整体的关系或所属关系。 表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词 neither，either，some，any 等数词(含 基数词，序数词，分数和百分数)；数词名词；the最高级/比较级，以及表示 数目或数量的词语 many，most，few，several，enough，half，a quarter。 名师点津 像 listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention
6、 to，take care of 等固定动词短 语， 在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开， 关系代词除用 whom 或 which 外， 也可以用 who 或 that。 This is the person whom/who/that you are looking for. 这就是你在找的那个人。 即时训练 2 介词填空 1The English play in which my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. 2Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaki
7、ng hands? 3Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends. 4 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5： 30 p m.by which many have got home. 5Two girls came to see the car，neither of whom likes it. 3/5 .用“介词关系代词”填空 1Wind power is an ancient sour
8、ce of energy to which we may return in the near future. 2The newly- built caf ，the walls of which are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，specially after hard work. 3This is the teacher from whom Ive learnt a lot. 4Gun control is a subject about which Americans have argued for a lo
9、ng time. 5The policeman with whom Mr.Henry is talking is a friend of mine. 6He built a telescope through which he could study the stars. 7My father is the first person to whom I will turn for help when I meet difficulties. 8Is she the girl from whom you borrowed the dress yesterday evening? 9I will
10、never forget the day on which I was admitted to a famous university. 10Would you be kind enough to help the boy for whom Chinese is really hard to learn? .用“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句完成句子 1学生们应该积极参加那些能够让他们获得社会经验的社区活动。 Students should take an active part in the community activities from which they can gain socia
11、l experience. 2这就是救了我儿子的警察。 This is the policeman by whom my son was saved. 3这是我两年前住过的房子。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 4在我的第一堂化学课上，我知道了这个事实：这种无色气体被称作氧气， 没有它我们无法生存。 In my first chemistry class I knew the fact that this kind of colorless gas is called oxygen，without which we cant
12、live. 5历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。 History is the subject in our school in which every student is interested. .语法填空 4/5 This is the River Thames.It is almost 346 kilometres long，and is the second 1. (long) river in Great Britain.It flows through London，and its this part of the river 2. most tourists see. B
13、ut theres more to the Thames than a trip down the river.The Romans 3. (build) a settlement on the River Thames，and over the 4. (century) it grew into the City of London，with 5. huge port.Ships from around the world brought food，goods and people 6. the capital. But by the 1980s，most of the docks had
14、closed and the area became run- down.A lot of money has been invested in this huge riverside area.And today it is 7. (know) as “Docklands”The old waterhouses are now 8. (attract) apartments.There are new office buildings，shopping centres and leisure facilities， too.People live and work by the river
15、9. (happy) People also enjoy 10. (live) on the water! This is a houseboat on the Thames. 【语篇解读】 泰晤士河长近 346 公里，是英国第二长河。起初罗马人在泰 晤士河畔建造了一个定居点，几个世纪后它发展成为伦敦市。 1longest 考查形容词的比较等级。句意：它的长度将近 346 公里，是英 国第二长河。根据句意可知此处应用最高级。 2that/which 考查定语从句。先行词为 river，定语从句中关系代词作 see 的宾语，因此用 that 或 which。 3 built 考查动词的时态。 句
16、意： 罗马人在泰晤士河上建造了一个定居点。 根据句意可知此处叙述过去发生的动作，因此用一般过去时。 4centuries 考查名词的复数形式。句意：在几个世纪期间，它发展成伦 敦市。century 为可数名词，根据句意可知应用复数形式。 5a 考查冠词。伦敦有一个巨大的港口。此处表示“数量一”的概念， 且 huge 的第一个音素是辅音，因此用不定冠词 a。 6to 考查介词。句意：来自世界各地的轮船为首都带来了食物、商品和 人员。bring.to.把带到。 7known 考查非谓语动词。be known as 作为而出名。 8attractive 考查词性转换。此处作定语修饰名词 apartments，故用形容 5/5 词形式。 9happily 考查词性转换。句意：人们快乐地在河边生活和工作着。此处 作状语，应用副词形式。 10living 考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。
