1、2025年高考英语备战2022年高考英语试题（全国乙卷 ）阅读理解全文翻译人2022年高考英语全国乙卷阅读理解A篇原题再现AHenry Raeburn（1756-1823）The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the
2、first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.Lecture SeriesScottish National Portrait（肖像画）Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.An Introduction to RaeburnSunday 26 Oct., 15.00DUNCAN THOMSONR
3、aeburns English ContemporariesThursday 30 Oct., 13.10JUDY EGERTONCharacters and Characterisation inRaeburns PortraitsThursday 6 Nov., 13.10NICHOLAS PHILLIPSONRaeburn and Artists Training in the18th CenturyThursday 13 Nov., 13.10MARTIN POSTLEExhibition TimesMonday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17
4、.45Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January.Admission4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of f2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to
5、 and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.21. What is the right time for attending Raeburns English Contemporaries?A. Sun. 26 Oct. B. Thurs. 30 Oct. C. Thurs. 6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov.22. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A. 4. B.
6、8.C. 12. D. 16.23. How can full-time students get group discounts?A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools.C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them.【词汇精讲】1.熟词生义1. major熟义：n.主修课程；专业课生义：adj.主要的；重要的；大的原文：Selected from collections throughout
7、 the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.译文：这是从世界各地的收藏品中挑选出来的，是四十多年来首次举办的他的作品的大型展览。分析：在本句中意为“very large or important(主要的；重要的；大的)”。2. present熟义：n.礼物；礼品v.把交给；颁发；授予生义：v.上演；公演；推出原文：Scottish National Portrait（肖像画）Gallery presents a series of lectures for the
8、 general public.译文：苏格兰国家肖像馆为公众推出了一系列的讲座。分析：在本句中意为“to produce a show, play, broadcast, etc. for the public (上演；公演；推出)”。2.高频核心词汇Exhibition /eksb()n/ n.展览，展出；表现，展示celebrate /selbret/v.庆祝，庆贺select /slekt/v.选择，挑选Education /eduken/n.（尤指学校）教育；培养，训练Collection /klekn/n.收藏品，收集物；募捐introduction/ntrdkn /n.采用；介绍，
9、引见admit /dmt/v. 准许进入admission/dm()n/ n.允许进入;承认，供认contemporary /kntemprri/ adj.当代的，现代的；同时期的，同时代的accompany /kmpni/v.陪伴，陪同entrance/entrns/ n.入口，进口；进入discount /dskant/ n.减价，折扣3.课标派生词masterpieces /mstpis/n.代表作，杰作loved /lvd/ adj.恋爱的；受珍爱的* love /lv/v.爱恋（某人）；关爱characterisation /krktrazen/n.（英）特性描述；性格化* char
10、acter/krkt(r)/ n.性格，品质；特色full-time /fl tam/adj.专职的；全日制的；全部时间的including/nklud/prep.包括，包含* include /nklud/v.包含；把列为一部分4.课标外词汇portraits /ptret/n.（尤指只刻画脸、头和肩部的）肖像，照片5.核心词块is available to可被利用或得到的up to多达；一直到；相当于；忙于，a series of一系列的；一连串的【长难句分析】原句：A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to
11、all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organized groups with teachers.分析：本文为主系表结构的简单句。主语是A special low entrance charge of 2 per person；两个介宾短语 up to and including those at first degree level, in organized groups with teachers作为后置定语修饰名词education。译文：所有接受全日制教育的学生
12、，包括那些有老师的有组织的有第一学位的学生，都可以使用特别的低的每人2英镑的入场费。【整体理解】体裁：应用文 主题：人与社会 画展语篇导读：本文主要介绍了苏格兰最受人喜爱的画家亨利雷本的作品展。【段意梳理】第一段：简介画家亨利雷本。第二段：介绍展览内容。第三段：介绍展览时间。第四、五段：介绍入场费用。【答案及解析】21.B【解析】细节理解题。本题询问 What is the right time for attendingRaeburns English Contemporaries?什么时候去参观雷伯恩的英国同时代人最合适?根据题干中的关键词Raeburns English Contempo
13、raries可找到第二段表格,由Thursday30 Oct.13.10可知，在十月30号周四能看到Raeburns English Contemporaries，故选B。22. B【解析】细节理解题。本题询问How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission? 一对带着两个12岁以下孩子的夫妇要付多少钱才能入场? 根据题干中的关键词 admission 可还原到第四段小标题下面4.Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted fre
14、e.，4。由成人陪同的12岁以下儿童免费入场可知，一对带着两个12岁以下孩子的夫妇要付8元，故选B。23. C【解析】细节理解题。本题询问How can full-time students get group discounts?全日制学生如何获得团体折扣? 根据题干中的关键词full-time students可还原到最后一段“A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree l
15、evel, in organized groups with teachers.”所有接受全日制教育的学生，包括那些有老师的有组织的有第一学位的学生，都可以使用特别的低的每人2英镑的入场费，故选C。【参考译文】展览这次展览是为了庆祝苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利-雷本爵士的生活和工作而举办的，展出了约60幅杰作。该展览从世界各地的藏品中选出，是四十多年来首次举办的他的作品的大型展览。讲座系列苏格兰国家肖像馆为公众举办了一系列的讲座。这些讲座在演讲室举行。讲座免费入场。雷伯恩简介10月26日（星期日），15.00邓肯-汤姆森（DUNCAN THOMSON)雷伯恩的英国同时代人10月30日星期四，13:
16、10朱迪-艾格顿(JUDY EGERTON)雷伯恩的肖像画的人物和角色描述11月6日星期四，13:10尼古拉斯-菲利普森雷伯恩和艺术家们的在18世纪的培训11月13日星期四，13:10马丁-波斯特展览时间周一至周六10.00-17.45周日12.00-17.45最后进入展览的时间 17.15. 没有重新入场的机会。闭馆时间：12月24日至26日和1月1日。票价4英镑。12岁以下儿童在成人陪同下可免费入场。学校和学院所有接受全日制教育的人，包括具有本科学士学位的人，在教师的组织下，可以享受每人2英镑的特殊低价门票。21. 参加Raeburns English Contemporaries的合适时
17、间是什么？A. 星期日。10月26日B. 星期四。10月30日星期四C. 11月6日星期四D. 11月13日星期四22. 一对有两个12岁以下孩子的夫妇要付多少钱的门票？A. 4英镑。B. 8英镑。C. 12英镑。D. 16英镑。23. 全日制学生如何获得团体折扣？A. 他们应该在星期天的上午去。B. 他们应该来自艺术学校。C. 他们必须由老师带领。D. 他们必须带着身份证。2022年高考英语全国乙卷阅读理解B篇原题再现BIn 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.Dorothy Woodruff
18、 and Rosamond Underwoodtraveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their
19、 stay in Elkhead is the subject ofNothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the Westby Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter.Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had un
20、dertaken.They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring,
21、 the snow was replaced by mud over ice.In Wickendens book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed（牵涉）drilling through the Rockies, ofte
22、n in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn.Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism（坚忍）of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: Whe
23、n the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.24. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?A. To teach in a school.
24、B. To study American history.C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.25. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?A. They enjoyed much respect.B. They had a room with a bathtub.C. They lived with the local kids.D. They suffered severe hardships.26. Which part of Wickendens writing is hair
25、-raising?A. The extreme climate of Auburn.B. The living conditions in Elkhead.C. The railroad building in the Rockies.D. The natural beauty of the West.27. What is the text?A. A news report.B. A book review.C. A childrens story.D. A diary entry.【重难点词】1.wealthy adj 派生词 富有的；2.3.settlement n 派生词 定居点；4.
26、5.schoolhouse n 合成词（尤指旧时乡村学校的）校舍；6.7.instruct v 学术词 教授，指导；8.9.unexpected adj 派生词 未料到的；10.11.society n 熟词生义 上流社会；12.13.undertake v 合成词 学术词 承担，从事；14.15.privacy n 派生 词 隐私；16.17.feminism n 女权主义，女权运动；18.19.influence v 名词动词化 影 响；20.21.hair-raising adj 合成词 令人寒毛直竖的，惊险的；22.23.concern v 涉及， 与有关；24.25.blinding
27、 adj 分词形容词 刺眼的， 雪亮的；26.27.sweep n 熟词生义 连绵弯曲的地带；28.29.rosy adj 派生词 玫瑰色的；30.31.glow n 稳定柔和的光；32.【重难点词块】1.nothing daunted 无所畏惧，毫不气馁；2.3.move in with sb 搬来 和某人一起居住；4.5.a blanket of snow 厚厚的一层雪；6.7.expand on / upon sth 详述，充分叙述；8.9.do sightseeing 观光，游览；10.11.living conditions 生活条件12.【答案与解析】24. A 事实细节题 根据第
28、一段中的 traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. 可知，两人去落基山脉是为 了到一个只有一间教室的学校教书，所以选项 A 正确。25. D 推理判断题 根据第三段 had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. 以及 In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice
29、. 可知，两个女孩支教的地方生活条件异常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。所以选项 D 正确。26. C 事实细节题 根据关键词 hair-raising 定位到第四段 A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. 书中讲述在刺眼的暴风 雪中打孔钻穿落基山脉是令人毛骨悚然的部分，所以选项 C 正确。27. B 推理判断题 第一段结尾表明两人支教的故事是 Dorothy Wicken
30、den 所著的 Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West 这本书的主题，第四段讲述了书里描述的内容以及结局，最后一段 更是直接指出 Dorothy Wickenden 是一位出色的讲故事的人，解释了她的写 作动机并引用了书中一段精彩的文字。由此可知，本文是一篇书评，所以选 项 B 正确。【参考译文】1916 年，两个来自纽约州奥本市的好朋友多萝西伍德拉夫（Dorothy Woodruff）和罗莎蒙德安德伍德（Rosamond Underwood）两个来自富裕家庭的女孩前往落基山脉的一个定
31、居点，在一所只有一个房间的校舍里教书。女孩上的是史密斯学院。他们穿着昂贵的衣服。因此，让她们搬到科罗拉多州的埃尔克黑德去指导那些用绳子把鞋子绑在一起的孩子们是一个惊喜。她们在埃尔克黑德的逗留是无所畏惧：西方两个社会女孩的意外教育的主题，多萝西威肯登 (Dorothy Wickenden) 是杂志编辑，也是多萝西伍德拉夫 (Dorothy Woodruff) 的孙女。那她们为什么去了？好吧，她们想做一些有用的事情。然而，很快，她们就意识到了她们所做的事情。她们搬进了当地的一个家庭，哈里森一家，和她们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上盖着一层雪。几个早晨，罗莎蒙德和多萝西会到达校舍，发
32、现孩子们因寒冷而哭泣。在春天，雪被寒冷的泥水所取代。在 Wickenden 的书中，她扩展了西方的历史以及女权主义，这当然影响了女孩们去 Elkhead 的决定。一个令人毛骨悚然的部分涉及铁路的建设，这需要（牵涉）在落基山脉中钻探，通常是在令人眼花缭乱的暴风雪中。这本书以罗莎蒙德和多萝西返回奥本而告终。威肯登是一个非常善于讲故事的人。大地的扫荡和人民的坚忍，让她写出了优美的文字。这是一张多萝西伍德拉夫 (Dorothy Woodruff) 骑着马从山顶向下看的照片：“当太阳从山后滑落时，它的四周散发出玫瑰色的光芒。然后一轮满月升起。动物：狐狸、土狼、老鼠和各种野兔，它们在冬天变白了。”24.
33、Dorothy 和 Rosamond 为什么要去落基山脉？A. 在学校任教。B. 研究美国历史。C. 写一本书。 D. 观光。25. 我们可以从第 3 段中了解到关于女孩的哪些信息？A. 他们很受尊重。 B. 他们有一个带浴缸的房间。C. 他们和当地的孩子住在一起。D. 他们遭受了严重的苦难。26. Wickenden 写作的哪一部分令人毛骨悚然？A. 奥本的极端气候。B. Elkhead 的生活条件。C. 落基山脉的铁路大楼。D. 西方的自然美景。27. 文章是什么？A. 新闻报道。 B. 书评。C. 儿童故事。 D. 日记条目。2022年高考英语全国乙卷阅读理解C篇原题再现CCan a s
34、mall group of drones（无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying todays eyes in the sky technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and inf
35、rastructure（基础设施）worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and swi
36、tching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient（高效）across the board.That includes huge savings inmaintenancecosts and better protection of railway personn
37、el safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews ef
38、forts.By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail dont need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a n
39、ew concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any
40、problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.B. Drones ability to work at high altitudes.C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones reliable performance
41、in remote areas.29. What does maintenance underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Personnel safety.B. Assistance from drones.C. Inspection and repair.D. Construction of infrastructure.30. What function is expected of the rail drones?A. To provide early warning.B. To make trains run automatically.C. To
42、 earn profits for the crews.D. To accelerate transportation.31. Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. What Faults Can Be Detected with DronesB. How Production of Drones Can Be ExpandedC. What Difficulty Drone Development Will FaceD. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways【重难点词】relia
43、bility n 派生词 学术词 可靠性；worldwide adv 合成词 在全世界；precisely adv 精确地，确切地（近 exactly）；inspect v 学术词 检查（近 examine）；regularly adv 派生词 经常；saving n 节省，节约；personnel n 全体人员；alone adv 熟词生义 仅仅，单，只；approximately adv 学术词 大约， 大概（近 about）；higher-value adj 合成词 更高价值的；detect v 学术词 检测，探测；switch n 熟词生义（铁路的） 道岔，转辙器；overhead a
44、dv 在头顶上方，在空中；program v 编写程序；autonomously adv 派生词 自主地；sensor n 传感器；AI 人工智能（artificial intelligence）；co-pilot n（飞 机的）副驾驶员；signal v 名词动词化 发信号，示意；fast-moving adj 合成词 快速行驶的；altitude n 海拔（高 度），高处；automatically adv 派生词 学术词 自动地【重难点词块】railway operators 铁路运营商，铁路部门；apply sth to (doing) sth 把某物应用于（做）某事；rail / r
45、ailway tracks 铁路轨道；high-tension electrical lines 高压电线；railway lines 铁路线；on-time performance 准点 率；cut costs 降低成本；across the board 整体，全面；It is calculated that . 据计算；perform the task 执行任务；power lines 电 线；earn profits 获利【答案与解析】28. A 事实细节题 根据第二段前两句可知，无人机已经被用于检查高压电 线。他们在铁路方面完全可以做同样的事情，比如检查铁路线以及铁轨和铁 路道岔的位置
46、是否有问题等，使无人机在铁路线上的应用成为可能。29. C 词义猜测题 根据第三段第二句 sending maintenance staff to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. 可知 maintenance 是“维护，保 养”的意思，C 项 Inspection and repair 与句中的 inspect and repair 对应。30. A 事实细节题 根据最后一段第一句 detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. 以及最后一句 they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving t
