1、高考英语常考词根构词法1.pose/pon表示“摆放、放置”expose=ex(向外)-pose（放），摆放在外面（让人看到）1. a)Hesmiledsuddenly,exposingasetofamazinglywhiteteeth.2. b)Wpose=com(共同，一起)-pose（放）1. a)Mozart(莫扎特)composedhislastoperashortlybeforehedied.2. b)Alllivingthingsarecomposedofcells.propose=pro-,向前，-pos,放置1. a)Heproposedtothegirlandtheypla
2、nnedtogetmarriedthenextyear.2. b)Sheproposedapossiblesolutiontotheproblem.postpone=post（后）-pone（放）事情往后放一放1. a)Wellhavetopostponethemeetinguntilnextweekbecauseoftheterribleweather.2. b)Hedecidedtopostponetheprogramuntilthefollowingday.oppose=op（表对立面）-pose,摆放在对面1. a)MorepeoplefavourasingleEuropeancurr
3、encythanopposeit.2. b)Wateristheopposingforcetofire.opposite=op-对面+-posit-放置+-e1. a)Hersecondhusbandwastheexactoppositeofherfirst.2. b)Theresabusstopoppositethehouse.position-pose,摆放+tion名词后缀1. a)Heleftacareerinteachingtotakeupapositioninacompany.2. b)Yourpositiononaparticularmatterisyourattitudetoi
4、t.preposition=pre-前+-posit-放置+-ion名词词尾Pleasecompletethefollowingsentences,usingprepositions.2.press表示“压”depress=de(向下)-press(压)，往下压1. a)Therecession(经济衰退)hasdepressedthehousingmarket.2. b)Lpress=com(共同；一起)-press(压)，一起压下去1. a)Herlipscompressedintoathinline.2. b)Allthosethreebooksarecompressedintooneb
5、ook.impress=im(进去；里面)-press(压)，往里压-压进去-印入头脑1. a)Herwordsimpressedthemselvesonmymemory.2. b)Whatimpressedhimmostwastheirspeed.express=ex(向外)-press表示“压”,往外压1. a)Coconutmilkisexpressedfromcoconuts.2. b)PerhapsIhavenotexpressedmyselfverywell.suppress=sup(向下)-press表示“压”，往下压1. a)Shewasunabletosuppresshera
6、nger.2. b)Thenewgovernmentquicklysuppressedtherebellion(反叛).3.ject表示“扔；投”project=pro(前)-ject(扔；投)，向前扔；把一个事情往前抛，做好规划，1. a)Theprojectshouldbecompletedwithinayear.reject=re(往回；向后)-ject(扔；投)，往回扔Alloursuggestionswererejected.object=ob(相反；对着)-ject(扔；投)，反着扔；对着目标扔Herobjectinlifeistobecomeatravelwriter.Aloto
7、fpeopleobjecttothebookbecauseofthebadcover.subject=sub(向下)-ject(扔；投)，向下扔1. a)Weneedthesubjectsbetweentheagesof18and25fortheexperiment.2. b)Hissubjectsregardedhimasagreatandwisemonarch(君主).inject=in(向里)-ject(扔；投)，向里扔1. a)Shehasbeeninjectingherselfwithinsulin（胰岛素）sincetheageof16.2. b)Injectsomefuninto
8、thepartybyencouragingyourgueststodance.4.spect表示“看”prospect=pro(向前)-spect(看)，向前看Theprospectsfortheimmediatefuturearegood.Sheacceptedtheprospectofheroperation.expect=ex(往外)-spect(看)，往外看Economicgrowthisexpectedtoaverage2%nextyear.Youcantexpecttolearnaforeignlanguageinafewmonths.inspect=in向内+spect看，进去看
9、Publichealthofficialscametoinspectourschoolyesterday.Theteacherwalkedaroundinspectingtheirwork.respect=re(再次；重新)-spect(看)，反复看Ihavethegreatestrespectforyourbrother.FrenchdiffersfromEnglishinthisrespect.suspect=su向下+spect看,在下面偷偷看Hesthepolicessuspectinthiscase.Policesuspecttheremaybealinkbetweenthetwom
10、urders.spectator=spect看+ator表示人Thestadiumholds75000spectators.specialspec(=spect)看外观，形状，形象;-ial形容词后缀，的;容易被看”出的，外观明显的，形状特别醒目的Everyanxiouspersonwillhavehisorherownspecialproblems.5.gress-/cess/ceed表示“走”progress=pro(前)-gress(走)，向前走Astheyearsprogressed,webecamethebestoffriends.Themountainwassteepandourp
11、rogresswasslow.regress=re(往后；往回)-gress(走)，往回走Suchcountriesarenotdevelopingatall,butregressing.Theresultsshowedthatthegrasslandregressed45.9%.aggress=a(朝，向)-gress(走)，径直朝谁走去In1873,JapansentitsarmytoaggressandoccupyChinasLiuqiuIslands.congress=con(一起)-gress(走)，一群人走到一起准备去开会TheDemocrats(民主党)willprobablyl
12、osecontrolofCongress.process=pro向前+cess（走），向前走的（历程），过程，进行Comingoffthedrugwasalongandpainfulprocessforhim.Oursalesinformationisprocessedbycomputer.access=ac加强+cess行走，一再向前走success=suc下+cess(走)，从下面走到上面Whosthelikelysuccessortohimaspartyleader?Youcanonlyachievesuccessthroughhardwork.succeed=suc下+ceed(走)W
13、hosucceededKennedyasPresident?Theonlywaytosucceedinbusinessthesedaysistokeepatit.ancestoran=ante+cest=cess+or走在前面的人proceed（=pro-向前+-ceed-行走）Workisproceedingslowly.Sheclimbedthestepsandproceededalongtheupstairshallway.6.tract=draw，表示“拉，拖”attract=a(朝，向)-tract(拉)，去拉Wehavetorenewoureffortstoattractyoung
14、players.Filmswithbigstarsalwaysattractgreatattention.distract=dis-表示“away”-tract(拉)，把注意力拉开Youredistractingmefrommywork.Thenoiseinthestreetdistractedme.extract=ex(向外)-tract(拉),把什么拉出去，拔出ReadthisextractfromaninformationbookletYoudbetterextractthetooth.subtract=sub向下+tract(拉),从下面抽走6subtractedfrom9is3.Su
15、btracttenfromsevenandtheanswerisminusthree.contract=con(一起)-tract(拉)，一起拉Whenairisheated,itexpandsandwhenairiscooled,itcontracts.Ihadnochoicebuttosignthecontract.tractor=tract(拉)+or7.port，表示carry，拿，带，运，名词“港口”import=in/m(向里)-port(运)，运到国内就ThecountryhastoimportmostofitsrawmaterialsfromChina.export=ex(向外
16、)-port(运)，运到国外Exportingisnecessaryforoureconomicsurvival.TourismisBritainssinglebiggestinvisibleexporttransport=trans(转移)-port(运),Thegoodsweredamagedduringtransport.Theseedsaretransportedbythewind.report=re(往后；往回，重复)-port(运)，把消息带回来Wewillstudythereportcarefullybeforemakingadecision.Thestormisreported
17、tohavekilledfivepeople.support=sup(向下)-port(拿，持)，在下面拿着支撑Theplanwascanceledbecauseoflackofsupport.portable=port(拿，持)+able可的Ialwayscarryaportablecomputerwithme.passport=pass+port允许通过港口8.vis/vid表示“看”revise=re(重新；再次)-vis(看),再看几遍Withtheexamcoming,Ihavetoreviseformath.Thedictionaryhasbeencompletelyrevised
18、.previse=pre(在前)-vis(看)supervise=super(上)-vis(看),上级在上面看着你visit=vis+it边看边行走visual=vis-看+-ual.的，Thebuildingmakesavisualimpact.visible=vis看+-ible能.的Shemadeavisibleefforttocontrolheranger.invisible=in(否定)+vis看+-ible能.的advice=ad+vice就是“依我看”Whydidntyoufollowmyadvice?evident=e(外面)-vid(看)-ent(形容词后缀)，在外面就能看到
19、的Itwasevidentthatshehadoncebeenabeauty.9.graph=write、records写，记录graph=chartThegraphshowshowhousepriceshaverisensincethe1980s.telegraph=tele(远距离传送)-graph(写)TelegraphwasinventedbySamuelMorsein1844.Theseislandsareconnectedbytelegraph.biography=bio（生命）-graph(记录)，记录生命autobiography，auto表示“自己”，一部关于自己的传记Thi
20、sbiographywaswrittenbyafamousauthor.geography=geo（地球的）-graph(记录)Istillhaventdonemygeographyhomework.photograph=photo表示“光、影”-graph(记录)Thatphotographdoesntlooklikeheratall.paragraph=词根中的“para”表示“旁边”，“graph”表示“写，划线”Youtranslatesentencebysentence,paragraphbyparagraph.autograph=auto表示“自己”-graph(写),亲笔签名He
21、wentbackstageandaskedforWangjunkaisautograph.calligraphy(calli来源于女神Callisto卡利斯托是一位拥有着绝世美貌的女神，它表示美丽的。graph是写的意思，字面意思就是美丽的书写)VariousactivitieswillbearrangedtoexperiencetraditionalChineseculture,suchaspaper-cutting,Pekingoperaandcalligraphy.10.fer=bring,carry,表示“带来，拿来”infer=in(向里)-fer(拿)Iinferredfromwh
22、atshesaidthatyouhavenotbeenwellprefer=pre（在.之前），在之前拿或者提前拿Iwouldpreferitifyoudidnttellanyone.refer=re（又、再）-fer(拿)，再次拿起、再次引人注意Writersoftenrefertoadictionary.Inhisspeech,hereferredtoarecenttriptoCanada.offer=of-对面+-fer-携带带到面前Iftheyoffermethejob,Illtakeit.Illdothecookingfortheparty,heoffered.suffer=su（在
23、下方），-fer(拿)，一个人跪下来，手中还托着沉重的东西，这人这样做岂不是很受罪吗？“AslongasIamhere,Iwontletthechildsuffer,”shesaid.Hisgradesarestartingtosufferbecausehespendstoomuchtimeoncomputergames.transfer=trans“越过、转动”+fer，带着东西越过某地区到另外地方。Transfertoanewcity,searchingforanewjobShetransferredtoanewschool.conference=con(一起)-fer(拿)，一起拿。Sh
24、esuggestedParisasagoodplacefortheconference.11.tend=stretch:伸展tent=-tent-延伸能伸开或张开的东西Theyputuptheirtentsandsettleddownforthenight.attend=a(加强）+tend伸展,有东西把你拉过去了Youmustattendtoyourstudies.Thousandsofpeopleattendedthefuneral(葬礼).attention=a(加强）+tend伸展，+tion名词后缀，伸脖子去听别人讲extend=ex出+tend伸展Theshowhasbeenext
25、endedforanothersixweeks.Carefulmaintenancecanextendthelifeofyourcar.intend=in向内+tend伸展，表示在心里，在脑子里的一种伸展SheintendstodoAlevelsandgotouniversity.pretend=pre前+tend伸展，在面前展示,做样子IpretendednottocarebutIwasscreaminginside.tender=-tend-延伸+-erThemeatwastenderandjuicy.HeresatenderNewYearkiss.tension=ten伸展+sion表名
26、词,伸展到极点Thetensionbetweenthetwocountriesislikelytoremain.12.Serv=serve,keep,表示“服务,保持”conserve=con(com:表示强调)+serv(keep)+evt.保存Thegovernmentmusttakeeffectivemeasurestoconservethewildlife.Conserveresources,actfrommefirst.conservative=con(com:表示强调)+serv(keep)+iveadj/n.词尾.Herstyleofdresswasneverconservati
27、ve.preserve=pre(before)+serv(keep)+e-提前保存-保存;保护Ishereally60?Heswellpreserved.Wewilldoeverythingtopreservepeace.reserve=re(重新)+serv(keep)+e-keepback-保留;预定，Adoubleroomhadbeenreservedforhim.SomeArabiancountriesarefamousfortheiroilreserves.reservoirrezrvwrn.Thereservoirwaslowafterthelongdrought(干旱).dese
28、rve=de加强+serv服务保持+e服务到位有资格获得回报Youdeservearestafterallthathardwork.observe=ob(infrontof/before)+serv(keeporprotect)+e,观察以保证其安全ArethereanyclassesIcouldobserve?DotheyobserveChristmas?desert=de否定+ser看管，丢在一旁不管不顾Theheatinthedesertwasextreme.Dontdesertmeinmyhourofneeddessert=同上，停止正餐服务Thisdessertcanbeserved
29、straightfromthefridge.servant=serv+ant(人)n.Theytreattheirmotherlikeaservant.13.sist=stand(站立)assist=a（表示“to”或者加强语气）+词根sist=stand(站立)，“站在(某人)的旁边”，别人有困难的时候，你没有远离他，而是站在他的旁边Wearelookingforpeoplewhowouldbewillingtoassistinthegroupswork.assistant=a（表示“to”或者加强语气）+词根sist+ant(人)n.resist=re-表示“反方向的、相对的”，+词根si
30、st=stand(站立)，面对面站着Studentsshouldresistthetemptation（诱惑）tofocusonexamsalone.consist=con-表示“一起”(together)。consist字面义“站在一块”Breakfastconsistedofdrybreadandacupoftea.insist=in强调+sist=stand(站立),一直站着Ididntreallywanttogobutheinsisted.persist=per-表示“thoroughly”，意思是贯穿、到底、从头到尾。persist字面义从头到尾立在那（站到底的）Contactyou
31、rdoctorifthecough（咳嗽）persists.14.sid=sit坐下resident=前缀re表示往回+词根sid表示坐，后缀ent表示名词，人Theresidentsdidntwantanewfactoryintheirbackyard.residence=resid(e)住;居留+-ence性质;状态10DowningStreetistheBritishPrimeMinistersofficialresidence.preside=pre前面+side在前面坐TheyaskedifIwouldpresideatthemeeting.president=pre表示前面，词根s
32、id=sit表示坐。后缀ent表示名词代表人，坐在最前面的人IwillserveaspresidentofShanghaiFilmAcademy.possess=pos+sess(tosit)-abletositdowntocontrol有能力居住并处于控制地位Eachfamilypossessesatleastthreemilkcows.assess=as-朝,向,加强+sess坐+tositnearajudgeinacourt在法庭上靠近法官就坐,古代指帮助法官作估算Wearetryingtoassesshowwellthesystemworks.situate=词根sid=sit表示坐+
33、ate动词后缀，表达坐落在某个地方Thehotelisbeautifullysituatedinaquietspotneartheriver.situation=situat(e)使位于+-ion行为,状态表示位置Thesituationisnotgoodbutweliveinhopethatitwillimprove.consider=con共同+sider坐坐在一起数星星Weneedtoconsiderhowthelawmightbereformed.15.fact,fac,fect,fic词根的含义.do,make做，作fact(行动的结果-事实)factory=fact作，制作，-or
34、y名词后缀，表示场所，地点；“制作的场所”manufacture=manu手，fact作，制作；“用手制作”，古时生产用手操作Theequipmentisofourownmanufacture.facilitate=facil(e)容易的+-it-+-ate做,造成Thenewairportwillfacilitatethedevelopmentoftourism.facility=facile容易做的+ity名词后缀Studentsshouldtakefulladvantageoftheuniversitysfacilities.factor=fact做,制作+-or人/物促使人做的东西Th
35、ereareanumberoffactorsthatcontributedtothephenomenon.beneficial=有益的bene,好fic,做，同fact.Usingcomputershasabeneficialeffectonchildrenslearning.benefaction=bene表示“好”或“善”+fact+tionWearegratefultothebenefaction.perfect=per全部+fect全部做完infect=in进入+fact做进去Anyonewithabadcoldmayinfectthepeoplearoundhim.affect=af
36、-朝,向,去+fect做Thediseaseaffectsfully30percentofthepopulation.Iwasdeeplyaffectedbythefilm.efficient=ef-出来,从.向外+fic-做,制作+-i-+-ent.的（做事）Aswegetolder,ourbodiesbecomelessefficientatburningupcalories.fiction=fict+ion表名词造出的故事Howdoweseparatefactfromfiction?sacrifice=.sacri神圣+fic做，制作+e甘愿做神圣的事Hesacrificedhimsel
37、fandsosavedhiscountry.16.pend=hang.悬挂/toweigh称量/=pay支出（其中“悬挂”是最基本含义，天平就是通过悬挂物体来测重的，古罗马时期用天平来“称量”黄金，又拿黄金来“支付”交易，所以这个表示“悬挂”的词根就引申出了“称量和付钱”的含义。）depend=de-下，pend悬挂;挂在他物下面”依附于另一物体”Thesuccessorfailureoftheplandependsonyou.independent=in否定+dependentHehasgotawell-paidjobandcanbeeconomicallyindependent.suspe
38、nd=sus=sub下，pend悬1. a)Thehamsweresuspendedfromtheceiling.2. b)Productionhasbeensuspendedwhilesafetychecksarecarriedout.expend消费,花费ex出+pend花费花钱出去Thenewly-marriedcoupleexpendedtoomuchmoneyontheirhouse.expensive昂贵的spends-为ex-的缩形，pend花费花钱，花费，消耗(时间)pension=pens:pay支出+sion1. a)Youwillgetyourpensionwhenyou
39、reach65.appendix=appendv.附加+-ix1. a)Thisbookhastwoappendixes.2. b)Hehadtohavehisappendixoutinthehospital.17.ven=come:词根的含义.来adventure=ad加强+ven+tureItoldthemofmyadventureattheNorthPole.avenue=a加强+ven来+ue让人们可以走来走去n.TheFifthAvenueisafamousshoppingcenterinnewYork.convenience=con共同+ven来+ience表状态全部能来没有障碍I
40、twasagreatconveniencetohavetheschoolsonear.convention=con共同+vent来+ion表名词大家来到一起Itsjustasocialconventionthatmendontwearskirts.conventional=con共同+vent来+ion表名词+al形容词词尾Shesveryconventionalinherviews.event=e出+vent来出来的是？Theelectionwasthemaineventof2004.eventful=event事件+ful的;发生许多事情的1992wasaneventfulyear.The
41、flightisuneventful.(2023年新高考2卷)eventually=e出+vent来+al+ly形容词后缀（事情总会到来的）Theeventualoutcomewasexactlythesameashehadpredicted.Theywereeventuallyrescuedbyhelicopter.invent=in-在内,进入,使+vent来计上心来Ourforefatherswerethefirsttoinventgunpowder.Whatexcusedidheinventthistime?prevent=pre预先+vent来预先来到抢先一步Wearetakings
42、tepstopreventpollution.Theaccidentcouldhavebeenprevented.18.viv=live词根的含义.生命vivid=viv-生命+-idHegaveavividaccountofhislifeasafighter.survive=sur-超过+viv生命+-eManybirdsdidntsurvivetheseverewinter.survivor=sur-超过+-viv-活+-or人Firefighterssearchedthebuildingsforsurvivors.survival=sur-超过+-viv-活+-al名词后缀Nowaday
43、sapremature（早产）babyhasaverygoodchanceofsurvival.revive=re再+viv+e复活Theeconomyisbeginningtorevive.revival=re再+viv+alThesignsofaneconomicrevivalareonlyjustbeginning.vital=vit生命+-al.的Thepoliceplayavitalroleinoursociety.vitaminn维生素（vit+a+min素生命要素维生素）19.dict,dic词根的含义.say言，说predict=pre-.前的+dict说,断言Noonecou
44、ldhavepredictedthefinaloutcome.dictation=dictat(e)口述+-ion行为,状态WehaveadictationeveryEnglishclass.benediction=bene好+dict说+ion说好话ItllsoonbeNewYear.Icanofferyousomebenedictionexpression.dictionary=dict说,断言+-ion行为,状态+-ary场所,地点Thisdictionaryisalsoavailableinelectronicform.contradict=contra反+dict反说Theresul
45、tseemstocontradictthestudyreportedlastyear.Shedoesntliketocontradictherhusbandinpublic.dedicate=de加强+dic说+ate再说努力献身Hededicatedhislifetohelpingthepoor.indicate=in进入+dicate说进去Aredskyatnightoftenindicatesfineweatherthenextday.addict=ad一再+dict说说了还说SheisaTVaddictandwatchesasmuchasshecan.20.it词根的含义.go行走ex
46、it=ex-出，外，it行走；“走出”,“向外走”Thereisafireexitoneachfloorofthebuilding.Astheactorsexitedthestagethelightswenton.initial=in-入，it走，-ial形容词后缀，的。还记得头文字d吗？英文片名就是InitialD，取Drift（漂移）首字母。Myinitialreactionwastosaynotohim.initiate=in-入，it走，-iate动词后缀Theywantedtoinitiateadiscussiononeconomics.ambition=前缀amb=both或around，表“二者或周围”，词根it表示“走”，整个词表示“到处走”。EvenwhenIwasyoungIneverhadanya
