1、 - 1 - 山东省 2021 年高考地市名校模拟示范卷 英英 语语 (时间：100 分钟，满分：120 分) 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2020 泰安市 6 月高考全真模拟题) If you hear the word “castle” or the word “palace”，you may picture the same kind of building for both： large， made of stones, proba
2、bly with a tower.And， of course， youre not entirely wrong，as those are features of both palaces and castles. So then why bother to visit one royal building in the United KingdomBuckingham Palace and another in the same countryWindsor Castle？It turns out that there is a difference， and you can find i
3、t pretty plainly in these two popular buildings. The Case for Castles Castles were residences for royalty.But they were also intended as defensive seats.Say youre a king who has taken a particular area over.Now you have to hold it.So you build a castle and staff it with soldiers to defend your conqu
4、ered territory and ensure it remains part of your kingdom. Castles were built throughout Europe and the Middle East primarily for the protection of the king and his people.Some common features of castles include： thick walls and heavy gates to keep invaders out protective low walls for archers to sh
5、oot with cover high towers for keeping a lookout for the surrounding lands gatehouses for admitting allies instead of allowing enemies into the castle The Place for Palaces Palaces，on the contrary，had no defensive purposes.They were first meant for showing off the great victory of the war.Palaces we
6、re where the spoils(战利品) of war might be displayed， along with grand architecture， massive banquet halls，golden table settings and maybe even hundreds of luxuriously decorated rooms. - 2 - While kings certainly took up residence in palaces as well as castles，nonmilitary royals might also have lived
7、in(or still live in) palaces.Ministers could live in castles to show the power of their riches rather than their nonexistent military power.The term comes from Palatine Hill in Rome. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了城堡和宫殿的不同之处。 1Which of the following is one feature of castles? ALow towers surrounding castles.
8、BDefensive low walls for shooting. CGatehouses allowing enemies into the castle. DThick walls and heavy gates to lock invaders in. B 考查细节理解。根据 The Case for Castles 部分的“protective low walls for archers to shoot with cover”可知，用来射击的防御性低墙是城堡的特点之一。 2Why were palaces first built? ATo accommodate ordinary
9、soldiers. BTo defend the kings conquered territory. CTo show off the art of royal painting. DTo display huge success of the war. D 考查细节理解。根据 The Place for Palaces 部分的“They were first meant for showing off the great victory of the war.Palaces were where the spoils(战利品) of war might be displayed”可知，最初
10、建立宫殿是为了炫耀战争的胜利。 3What is the main purpose of the text? ATo list the reasons for kings living in palaces. BTo make a comparison between castles and palaces. CTo talk about the value of castles in modern times. DTo show palaces are more popular than castles. B 考查写作目的。 根据第二段最后一句“It turns out that there
11、 is a difference， and you can find it pretty plainly in these two popular buildings”以及下文中对城堡和 宫殿的特点的介绍可知，本文是为了对比城堡和宫殿。 B (2020 滨州市名校联合第三次质检) After I left the Shenandoah Valley，my next Job was in Rocky Mount，North - 3 - Carolina.I made $22， 500 a yearand this was 2005.The two other fellow workers， al
12、so my best friends there，Travis and Jeff，were in their mid20s too.Honestly，wed come to Rocky Mount to leave Rocky Mount.We complained about our shop and admired The Charlotte Observer.We spent our time talking about what life must be like with a“real” career.What resources they had！Those who covered
13、 only one team didnt have to proofread(校阅)If we could just get to one of those places！Then we could go somewhere else! Travis，Jeff，and I came together over our desire to part ways.We ate dinner together， went out to cover our games， and came back to help send the final pages to the printer by our 1：
14、30 am.deadline.On the best nights，wed grab the news editors and copy editors and play golf in the parking lot.We all left there within a year，as intended.Travis finally landed a wonderful job covering the Pittsburgh Pirates.Jeff became well- known in the country working in NASCAR.Now hes got his own
15、 media company thats doing quite well. Last week，Jeff and I went to a Charlotte Knights game，and he said something about Rocky Mount that I wont forget.“I didnt appreciate it then，yet honestly，when I look back，the fast pace，tough tasks and leisure activities probably made up the best time Ive ever h
16、ad in my career.Now with many achievements，I wonder whether its satisfying，and what is success on earth？”His words left me at a loss.What a broad question！Maybe it isnt measured in achievements，or“being happy with who you are” Individual attainments can bring community attainments.But all these dont
17、 leave you feeling successful， right？Maybe its just a smaller calculation， something more like what Jeff prefers.Or its having the means to be grateful at the precise moment you have something to be grateful for. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主题语境是“人与自我”。作者通 过对自己和朋友在 Rocky Mount 的工作的回顾，说明他们在若干年后对当时工作 的态度的转变，从而引
18、发作者对于成功的思考。 4Why did the author and his friends want to leave Rocky Mount? AAll of them were too busy there. BTheir salary was much too low. CThey had no available resource. - 4 - DThey couldnt make more friends. A 考查细节理解。由第一段的“We complained about our shop and admired.What resources they had！Those w
19、ho covered only one team didnt have to proofread(校阅)If we could just get to one of those places！Then we could go somewhere else”可知，作者和他的朋友羡慕其他公司的安逸生活，觉得自己的工 作过于忙碌，没有时间去别处。 5What did the author do in Rocky Mount? AA writer. BA reporter. CAn editor. DA player. B 考查推理判断。结合第一段的“Those who covered only on
20、e team didnt have to proofread(校阅)”和第二段的“cover our games，and came back to help send the final pages to the printer” “wed grab the news editors and copy editors”可推断， 作者是一位新闻记者，故选 B 项。 6What did Jeff think of the life in Rocky Mount when he and the author met again? AIt was successful. BIt was difficu
21、lt. CIt was rewarding. DIt was relaxing. C 考查细节理解。由第三段的“when I look back，the fast pace，tough tasks and leisure activities probably made up the best time Ive ever had in my career”可知， Jeff 怀念在 Rocky Mount 时的快节奏生活、艰巨的工作任务以及休闲娱乐活动，把 它们看作是最好的时光，由此可知 Jeff 认为那时的生活是很值得的、很有意义的。 rewarding“值得做的，有益的”。 7What do
22、es the author want to convey in the last paragraph? AWays of making real achievements. BHis attitude towards success. CReasons for Jeffs being dissatisfied. DImportance of being grateful. B 考查段落大意。 根据第三段的 “and what is success on earth”“His words left me at a loss”“Maybe it isnt measured in achieveme
23、nts， or being happy with who you are ” “Maybe its just a smaller calculation，something more like.you have something - 5 - to be grateful for”等信息可知，最后一段作者在谈论自己对成功的看法。 C (2020 济宁市高考模拟考试) It is not uncommon for humangenerated fireslit to clear the land out for farmingin the Amazon rainforest to get out
24、 of control.However， this year， the number of wildfires has been extraordinarily high.Brazils National Institute for Space Research(INPE)has recorded over 73，000 fires in the worlds largest tropical rainforest between January and August 2019，2，500 of which are currently active.This is the highest nu
25、mber observed since the agency began keeping records in 2013. Brazil， which is home to 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest， has been the hardest hit.The thick smoke from the fires currently covers half of the country and can be seen clearly from space.The fires have recently also spilled over into t
26、he neighboring country of Bolivia，where they have thus far torched over 113，000 acres，including forests and grasslands in Chiquitania，a popular nature reserve. The areas dry season，which spans from August to November，is undoubtedly a factor in the unusually high number of fires. “However， there is n
27、othing abnormal about the climate this year or the rainfall in the Amazon region，which is just a little below average， ”INPE researcher Alberto Setzer told Reuters.“Starting a fire is the work of humans.” While all wildfires are harmful to the environment，the ones in the Amazon can be particularly s
28、o.Often referred to as the“lungs of the planet” ，the tropical rainforest generates more than 20% of the worlds oxygen.It also sucks up about a quarter of the 2.4 billion metric tons of carbon that global forests absorb each year.The rainforest is， therefore，crucial in regulating global climate.If th
29、e Amazon disappears or is reduced in size greatly，it could change weather patterns everywhere，impacting everything from how much food farms can produce to the availability of clean drinking water. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。2019 年 1 月至 8 月，亚马孙热带雨林发 生了 73 000 多起火灾，可能会对全球气候造成严重影响。 8What do we know about the Amaz
30、on wildfires in 2019? AMost of them are still on. BThey caused many deaths. - 6 - CTheir numbers reached the lowest. DThey affected more than one country. D 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Brazil.the hardest hit”“The fires have recently also spilled over into the neighboring country of Bolivia，where they have thus f
31、ar torched over 113，000 acres，including forests and grasslands in Chiquitania，a popular nature reserve”可知，2019 年亚马孙热带雨林大火影响了不止一个国家。 9What accounted for the start of the wildfires according to Alberto Setzer? AHuman activities. BThe high temperature. CStrong winds. DThe dry season. A 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“S
32、tarting a fire is the work of humans”可 知，Alberto Setzer 认为人类活动引起了火灾。 10Whats the main idea of the last paragraph? AThe severity of the Amazon wildfires. BThe significance of the Amazon rainforest. CThe potential effects of the Amazon wildfires. DThe best ways to battle the Amazon wildfires. C 考查段落大意
33、。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“While all wildfires are harmful to the environment.particularly so”“If the Amazon disappears.change weather patterns everywhere，impacting everything from how much food farms can produce to the availability of clean drinking water”可知，本段主要介绍亚马孙热带 雨林大火的潜在影响。 11What can be a suitable titl
34、e for the text? AThe Amazon Rainforest：the Lungs of the Planet BBrazil：the Hardest Hit of the Amazon Wildfires CThe Amazon Wildfires Spread Across South America DRecord Amazon Wildfires Could Accelerate Climate Change D 考查标题判断。阅读全文内容可知，文章首段提到 2019 年 1 月至 8 月， 亚马孙热带雨林发生超过 73 000 起火灾，创有记录以来的新高，接着简要陈述了
35、 - 7 - 火灾波及的范围及原因，最后一段讲到亚马孙热带雨林对调节全球气候至关重要 以及大火对气候的潜在影响，故 D 项作文章标题最佳。 D (2020 潍坊市 6 月高考模拟考试) If you read the news about honeybee survival，its all very confusing. The Hoover Institutions Dr.Henry Miller notes， “The reality is that honeybee populations are not declining.According to the U N. Food and
36、Agriculture Organization(FAO)statistics，the worlds honeybee population rose to 80 million colonies(群落) in 2011 from 50 million in 1960.”Meanwhile，Jennifer Sass of the Natural Resources Defense Council points out.“The number of managed honeybee colonies in the US. has dropped from 4 million hives(蜂群)
37、in 1970 to 2.5 million today.” Surprisingly，both of these claims are correct.Miller points to the “global” commercial honeybee hive count，which has grown considerably.Sass points to domestic colony numbers only，which have in fact declined. Far more bees are farmed for making honey than for pollinati
38、on( 传 粉 ) services.Since more honey is now made overseas than it was in the past，more hives are kept overseas，and fewer in the United States and Europe.And the global number of commercial hives and the amount of honey they produce have grown to meet the demands of an expanding world population.Such
39、shifts offer no evidence of a honeybee hive“crisis”They simply represent the market forces of supply and demand. The FAO data also clarifies that national or even regional declines in the size of the managed honeybee population cannot prove claims of a global pollinator decline or a pollination cris
40、is.However，it emphasizes that solutions to those problems must be motivated locally，rather than globally. Solutions will follow only if we take a nonsubjective look at the issues， so we can address them appropriately rather than have a crisis mentality.As I highlight in a recent post for The Hill，a
41、big part of the solution lies at the very local level：with the beekeepers，farmers，and communities that surround them. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。有人说蜜蜂的数量在下降，也有人说蜜 蜂的数量在上升。两种说法都是正确的，这是为什么呢？本文给出了解释。 - 8 - 12What makes the news confusing? AVarious species. BDifferent effects. CComplicated statistics. DContradicto
42、ry conclusions. D 考查细节理解。 根据第二段的“According to the U N.Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) statistics ， the worlds honeybee population rose to 80 million.Jennifer Sass of the Natural Resources Defense Council.has dropped from 4 million hives(蜂群) in 1970 to 2.5 million today”可知，FAO 的数据表明蜜蜂的数量 在上升，而
43、 Jennifer Sass 的数据表明美国的蜂群数量在下降，两种结论是相互矛盾 的，故选 D。contradictory“互相矛盾的，对立的”。 13What contributes to the growth of commercial hives? AThe claims of the FAO. BThe shift of honey export. CThe increasing demands for honey. DThe more services of pollination. C 考查细节理解。 根据第四段的“Far more bees are farmed for maki
44、ng honey than for pollination(传粉) services”可知， 多养殖蜜蜂更多地是为了获取蜂蜜； “And the global number of commercial hives.grown to meet the demands of an expanding world population”表明全球商业性蜂群数量已经增加，以满足不断增加的世界人口 的需求。结合以上两句话可知，人们对蜂蜜需求的日益增长引起了商业性蜂群数 量的增加，故选 C。 14Whats the authors attitude to the honeybee population is
45、sue? ASupportive. BObjective. CConfused. DDoubtful. B 考查观点态度。结合全文可知，作者在介绍蜜蜂数量的问题时，都是在 客观地陈述两种对立的观点及两种观点形成的依据。 根据最后一段中的“Solutions will follow only if we take a non- subjective look at the issues”也可知，作者认为客观 地看待蜜蜂数量这个问题才能找到解决办法，故选 B。objective“客观的”。 15What would be the best title for the text? - 9 - AHo
46、neybee Crisis Solved or Nor? BHoneybee Population Declining or Not? CHoneybee Market Global or Local? DHoneybee Research Global or Local? B 考查标题判断。综合全文可知，本文主要讨论的是蜜蜂数量是上升还是 下降的问题，关键词是 population，故选 B。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。 (2020 菏泽市高三 6 月强化训练) Wha
47、ts the last thing you posted on your blog？ Have you posted one today？Do you know what youre telling the web world，and furthermore，your online community？Its important to consider how to get the result you expect with these announcements.Most people look for communication or small talk，not just be hea
48、rd. 16 Make the purpose of your post clear. 17 For example，if youre taking a vacation abroad，you want suggestions from experienced friends.Try something like， “ Come to China for the first time.Anyone has hotel or restaurant recommendations？”instead of just posting your photos there. Dont talk too m
49、uch.Too much information on the World Wide Web is tasteless.When you share too much，people stop asking questions. 18 An Internet interaction，with the same depth as a facetoface conversation，should be the goal. Apply normal small talk principles and rules.Primarily， avoid controversial(有争议 的) topics，such as politics
