1、 十年高考真题分类汇编（十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019） 英英 语语 专题专题 25 语法填空语法填空 (2014全国卷全国卷 I) Are you facing a situation that looking impossible to fix? In 1969, the pollution is terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 (be)imaginable that it could be ever be cleaned up. The rive was so polluted that
2、 it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now year late, this rive is one of63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But river wasnt changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off an
3、d now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such impossible situation, dont you want a quick fix
4、 and something to change immediately. While there are 68 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience) (2014全国卷全国卷) One morning , I was waiting at the bus stop , wor
5、ried about 61 (be ) late for school .There were many people waiting at the bus stop , 62 some of them looked very anxious and63 (disappoint) .When the bus finally came , we all hurried on board .I got a place next 64 the window , so I had a good view of the sidewalk .A boy on a bike 65 (catch)my att
6、ention .he was riding beside the bus and waving his arms . I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver , but he refused 66 (stop ) until we reached the next stop .Still , the boy kept 67 (ride) . He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting .Finally , when we came to the next st
7、op , the boy ran up to the door of the bus . I heard an excited conversation .Then the driver stoop up and asked, “ 68 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ?” A woman on the bus shouted , “Oh dear “ It is 69 （I）”. She pushed her way to the driver and to the little boy .Everyone on the bus began t
8、alking about what the boy had done .And the passengers 70 （sudden）became friendly to one another . (2015全国卷全国卷 I) Yangshuo, China It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just be fore dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours 62 , Id been at home in Hong Kong, with 63_(it) choking smog. Here,
9、 the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65 (painting). Instead, I d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guili
10、n, its only an hour away 66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68 (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destin
11、ation for people in Asia. Abercrombie 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo India
12、ns figured out exactly 70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【解析】 试题分析：土坯房比现在的房子好在冬暖夏凉。现代的建筑师都很羡慕这样的房子 不用空调就能很好地调 节室内的温度，不过关键是这房子的墙的厚度。 61.built 动词 build 和定语 The adobe dwellings 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用其过去分词 built 和后面的 by 一起做定语。 62.the 形容词最高级 most modern 前加 the。 63.ability
13、代词 their 后接名词，所以用 able 的名词形式 ability. 64.using 介词 without 后接动名词 use 去掉字母 e 再加-ing。 65.slowly 用 slow 的副词形式 slowly 修饰动词 give out. 66.to cool 形容词加 enough 后接不定式。 67.at at the same time 是固定词组。 68.goes 根据上下文，此处用一般现在时态。这种循环日复一日。 69.natural 形容词做定语修饰名词 architects。 70.how 根据句意，应用 how 修饰形容词 thick，连接宾语从句。 (2016
14、全国新课标 I) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的 正确形式。 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_61_(attract). So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps
15、 pay for research, I_62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be _63_(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back _64_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _65_ I w
16、as the first Western TV reporter_66_ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include _67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. On my rece
17、nt visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few _69_( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, _70_ other is with mum-she never suspects. 【解析】61. attraction 62. was allowed 63. officially 64. to 65.
18、 when 66. permitted 67. introducing 68. its 69. days 70. the 试题分析:本文是- -篇记叙文。 讲述了作者作为特邀人员在四川成都的大熊猫基地的所见所闻。 61. ataction 考查名词。 形容词 top 后面跟名词形式。 62. was allowveld 考查时态和语态。 根据句意可知作者是被允许走近这些动物， be allowed to do sth被允许做某事”。 63. oicialt 考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。64.10 考查介词。 固定短语: go back to“回到”。 65. when 考查定语从句。后面是非
19、限制性定语从句，从句缺少状语，因为先行词是时间，故 填 when。 66. permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰的名词和 permit 之间是被动关系，用过去分词。 67. introducing 考查动名词。 介词后面应该用动名词形式。 68. its 考查代词。 修饰名词用形容词性的物主代词，故填 its。 69. days 考查名词复数。Few 修饰复数名词。 70. the 考查冠词。固定短语：one the other“一个另一个”。 (2016全国新课标 III) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的 正确形式。 In much of Asia,es
20、pecially the so-calledrice bowl cultures of China,Japan,Korea, 41 Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might
21、42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create)special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time, 45 thepopulation
22、 grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the 48 (develo
23、p)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be)too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat 50 their hands. 【解析】41.and 42.be made 43.to create 44.using 45.as/when 46.gradually 47.
24、who 48.development 49.were 50.with 41. .and 考查并列连词。这里列举了- -些亚洲的国家，它们是并列关系，故填 and。 42. be made 考查固定词组。sth be made of 精美的筷子可能非由金或银制成的筷子莫属.某物 由.制成，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填 be made 43.to create 考查不定式作目的状语。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起 来,以创造出特殊风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的，故填 to create。 44. using 考查现在分词作伴随状语。人们可能使用大锅煮食物用树枝把锅移开, use 的
25、逻辑主 语是 people,两者是主动关系,用现在分词表示伴随状况，故填 using。 45. aswben 考查时间状语从句。句意:随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以 煮得快一点，这里是时间状语从句，wben 意为.时候”，后跟长动作或短动作，故填 as/ wben。 46.gradually 考查副词。副词修饰动词或形容词，这里修饰动词短语 turned into，应该用副词， 故填 gradually。 47.who 考查非限制性定语从句。剧中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Confucius 孔子，定语从句缺少主语，且指人，故填 who。 48.developm
26、ent 考查词性转换。the名词of，意为“的”，这里指“筷子的发展”，故填 development。 49.were 考查时态。根据句意可知，这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用，believed 后跟一个宾语从句，and 连接了两个并列的谓语，主语 knives 是复数，根据时态一致的原则，这 里用一般过去时，故填 were。 50.with 考查介词。句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法用手拿，with表示 具体工具的名词，故填 with。 (2016四川) 阅读下面材料， 在空白处填入适当的内容 （1 个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。 The giant panda 41
27、 (love) by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists 42 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very 43 (care)mother.For 25days,she never left her baby,not even to find something 44 (eat)!She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby c
28、onstantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural 45 (enemy)that would try to eat the little comforting pats.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 46 it cried,she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats,The mother continued to care for the
29、 young panda 47 more than two years.By that time,the panda no longer needed 48 (it)mother for food.However,it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest.Then,after two and a half years,the mother 49 (drive)the young panda away.It was time for her to have a new baby,50 it was also time f
30、or the young panda to be independent. 【解析】41.is loved 42.recently 43.caring/careful 44.to eat 45.enemies 46. When/If 47.for 48.its 49.drove 50.and 试题分析:本文讲的是妈妈熊猫和她的孩子的故事。 41.is loved 句意:大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢。根据句意可知用-般现在时态的被动语态, The giant panda 是单数第三人称形式，故填 is loved . 42.recently 副词修饰动词，故填 recenty。 43.caring/c
31、areful 此处是现在分词或形容词作定语，放在名词前面，故填 caring/careful。 44.to eat 句意：甚至不去找吃的东西。此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语， 故 填 to eat。 45.enemies 句意：任何气味都可能吸引自然界的敌人。自然界的敌人不止一个，应该用复数 形式，故填 enemies。 46.When/If 句意：如果或当它哭的时候，她会前后摇动。故填 When/If。 47.for 句意：妈妈继续照顾小熊猫两年多。此处表示一段时间，故填 for。 48.its 句意：小熊猫不再需要它妈妈的食物。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填 its。 49.d
32、rove 句意：然后，两年半后妈妈让小熊猫离开。根据句意可知用一般过去时态，故填 drove。 50.and 句意：现在是她该有一个小宝宝的时间了，同时也是小熊猫该独立的时间了。此处 表示并列，是一个并列句，故填 and。 (2017新课标新课标) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medi
33、cal community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to re
34、cover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast fo
35、od 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes.
36、Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 【解析】 62. effects 考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前 文的 some 可知“副作用 side effect”有很多，故填 effects。 63. to process 考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物 require 表示“要求”， require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.
37、”，表示 “某人被要求做某事”。故填 to process。 64. are removed 考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉 分析可知 fat，salt 和 move 之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填 are removed。 65. a 考查冠词。固定短语 as a result 表示“结果”，句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物 去弥补损失的东西。故填 a。 66. worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填 worse。 67. is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中充满了脂肪和盐。fast food 的意思是“快餐”，
38、表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填 is。 68. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪 和盐。根据前文中的 by 可知此处应该填名词，所以填 eat 的动名词形式。故填 eating。 (2017全国卷全国卷) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allo
39、wed people to avoid terrible _61_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _62_ word. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, _63_(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over_64_ top. When all those had been done
40、, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines _65_(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been_66_(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using_67_ every day
41、. Later, engineers _68_(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the _69_ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most _70_(success) of these new lines,
42、 and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 64.the 考查名词，top 是名词，前要用冠词，故填 the. 65.were used 考查被动语态，根据句意：蒸汽发动机“被用于”拉货物，故填 were used. 66.fairly 考查副词，这里 fair 是形容词，pleasant 也是形容词，所以需要将 fair 变为副词来 修饰形容词，故填 fairly. 67.it 考查代词
43、，这里用 it 指代前句的 railway,故填 it. 68.managed 考查动词，本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填 managed. 69.introduction 考查词性转换，空格前是 the,后面应该是名词，故填名词 introduction. 70.successful 考查形容词，空格前是 most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填 successful. (2017全国卷全国卷) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and
44、full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (real)Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York. Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel earning a milli
45、on dollars in the new year. Her father Peter44,want her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate). She has turned down several 67 (invitati
46、on) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I dont
47、 want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model my more. 【解析】本文是一篇人物类记叙文，介绍了 Sarah Thomas 在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的 选择，她认为在青少年时期学业要放在首位。 61. resting 考查非谓语动词。 固定短语：spend time doing sth 62. a 考
48、查冠词。 model 是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 “一个”，故填 a。 63. was told 考查动词。 根据句意判断谓语动词应该用一般过去时的被动形式， 主语 Sarah 是第三人称单数，故填 was told。 (2017浙江浙江) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer
