1、Part 2 Using language 基础过关练 .单词拼写 1.The height of the bicycle seat is (可调节的)so anyone can ride it, whether they are tall or short. 2.When crossing the narrow bridge, it is difficult for people to keep their (平衡). 3.In (响应)to the call of the motherland, a lot of graduates volunteer to work in the wes
2、t. 4.It is a high-paid job but it (需要)making frequent business trips. 5.Let me check on the computer to see if there is any room (可用的). .单句语法填空 1.To support her children, she got a job as a babysitter for children with mothers too busy (look) after their own children. 2.For 25 days, she never left h
3、er baby, not even to find something (eat)! 3.The researchers said genes werent the only factor (affect) peoples tastes. 4.The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 5.Tom hurried to the cinema, only (tell) the film had been cancelled. 6.When it was time for them (leave)
4、, the elderly people thanked them for their kindness. 7.Smith Farm is now offering people the chance (do) their daily yoga with goats. 8.Finding a target, it moves quietly through the grass until it is close enough (know) it can get its reward. 9.The boss left his office in a hurry because he had so
5、me urgent business (attend) to. 10.The first person (arrive) was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. .请写出下列句中黑体词的词性和词义 1.The chart shows the rapid growth in the companys sales during the past year. (词性: 词义: ) 2.They topped both the US singles and album charts at
6、the same time. (词性: 词义: ) 3.The scientists carefully charted changes in rainfall of this area in the past ten years. (词性: 词义: ) 4.The exhibition gives those promising young artists an opportunity to display their work. (词性: 词义: ) 5.I have rarely seen her display any sign of emotion. (词性: 词义: ) 6.The
7、 details of todays flights are displayed on the monitor. (词性: 词义: ) 7.The machine helps doctors monitor patients changes in the blood pressure and the heart rate. (词性: 词义: ) 8.Since I came into the university, I have always been monitor of my class. (词性: 词义: ) 9.Any foreigner who has tried to learn
8、Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand. (词性: 词义: ) 10.The pet dog can recognize its masters voice, and obey his commands. (词性: 词义: ) 11.In order to protect the traditional skills from disappearing, the local government has built a museum where masters ca
9、n show their craft. (词性: 词义: ) .完成句子 1.她太小了不能理解它。 She is too young it. 2.足球已经成为人们最好的交流方式之一。 Football has become one of the best ways for people . 3.我急匆匆地赶到车站为我的朋友送行,结果却被告知她已经离开了。 I hurried to the station to see my friend off, only she had left. 4.她是第一位在奥运会上赢得金牌的女性。 She was the first woman the gold m
10、edal in the Olympic Games. 5.有人照顾这些孩子们吗? Is there anyone the children? 6.显然,笑的能力是与生俱来的。 It is clear that the ability is inborn. 7.我足够幸运赶上了最后一班公共汽车。 I was lucky enough the last bus. 能力提升练 .阅读理解 A Being highly successful in any field is pretty rare. It takes a combination of natural talent, luck, dete
11、rmination, and plenty of outside support for someone to make it big in sports, entertainment, or business. But what if competing is all that matters to you, whether you are likely to succeed or not? This was the goal of Michael Edwards, and that he reached that goal was an amazing achievement. Born
12、in the U.K. in 1963, Michael was an enthusiastic downhill skier whose dream was to compete for Britain in world- class competitions. He would have liked to represent his country in the 1984 Winter Olympics, but there were a large number of downhill competitors, and Edwards didnt qualify. Seeing his
13、chance elsewhere, he switched to ski jumping. Ski jumping didnt cost nearly as much, and there was almost no competition for a place on the Britain team. But a number of hurdles(障碍)could have meant the end of Edwards dream. He weighed more than most competitors, which put him at a disadvantage. He h
14、ad no financial support for his training. Poor eyesight meant that he had to wear glasses under his goggles (护目镜)not a good thing when they steamed up at high altitudes. But he couldnt let any of these discourage him. He saw himself as a true lover of the sport who simply wanted the chance to compet
15、e. Winning wasnt the point. Having the opportunity to try was all he cared about. And nothing could stop him from trying. In the end, Edwards took 55th place in the 1987 World Championships. He then went on to the Calgary Olympics in 1988, where he finished last in both of his events. Many athletes
16、would have been embarrassed at this result, but he is proud of his achievement to this day. His determination to fight against all the difficulties made him a global hero, and in 2016, the inspiring film Eddie the Eagle was made about his life. 1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A.To add
17、some background information. B.To uncover the secret of success. C.To expect an answer from readers. D.To introduce the topic. 2.Why did Michael Edwards choose ski jumping? A.It took less skill. B.The equipment was cheaper. C.There was little competition. D.It was easy to win the championship. 3.Aft
18、er the Calgary Olympics, Edwards . A.felt he had reached his goal B.was embarrassed at his results C.switched to film making D.was glad it was over 4.What made Michael Edwards outstanding? A.His determination to overcome the obstacles. B.His enthusiasm for the sport. C.His attitude towards the Olymp
19、ics. D.His ability to overcome physical disabilities. B You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, youre not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy(奖杯)? If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. Sh
20、es a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesnt have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, and the one who contributes most to the team spirit, as well as
21、 those who play the best. “The trophy has to stand for something,” Dweck told TFK. “If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best
22、. Others say that theres no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved. “I think we should encourage kids participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “
23、A trophy is one way to encourage kids efforts.” Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved player with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation,” Barish told TFK. “
24、Playing sports also teaches kids the importance of teamwork and exercise.” There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. Theyll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For no
25、w, he thinks theres nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone. 5.According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy? A.Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team. B.David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny
26、. C.Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals. D.Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game. 6.Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with? A.There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone. B.Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded. C.Kids sh
27、ould be given trophies for trying their best. D.It is necessary to encourage kids participation in sports. 7.The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means“ ”. A.honor B.choose C.value D.stress 8.What is the best title of the passage? A.Who deserves a trophy? B.All kids deserve a t
28、rophy C.What does a trophy deserve? D.The best player deserves a trophy .语法填空 Running a few kilometers each day is good 1 our health. However, new research says running too much could be bad for us. Running long distances 2 (regular) for many years could make our life 3 (short), not longer. A resear
29、cher said too much running can create problems inside your heart, 4 can lead to heart disease. He wrote that running too much for many years took away the good things from exercise. He 5 (add) that the risk of heart disease could be 6 same as someone who never exercised. Researchers said men who ran
30、 marathons for 25 years had 62% more 7 (problem) in their heart than men who did little or no exercise. Another man said he felt 8 (cheat). He started running marathons in 1967.He used 9 (run) 60 kilometers every week. He said, “The doctor advised 10 (exercise) frequently rather than overdoing thing
31、s.” 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Part 2 Using language 基础过关练 .1.adjustable 2.balance 3.response 4.involves 5.available .1.to look 考查不定式作结果状语。句意:为了抚养孩子,她找了份保姆的工作,照顾因为母亲太忙不能被照顾的孩子。 too.to.意为“太不能”,故本空应用不定式作结果状语。 【链接】不定式(短语)作结果状语,常表示出乎意料的结果,常用于下列结构中:only to;enough.to(足够 做);too.to.(太而不能);so/such.as to.
32、(如此以至于);现在分词(短语)作结果状语表示情理之中 或自然而然的结果。 2.to eat 考查不定式作定语。句意:25 天来,它从来没有离开过它的孩子,甚至没有找点吃的东西!本空修饰不定代词 something,故应用不定式作后置定语。 3.to affect 考查动词不定式作定语。句意:研究人员说,基因并不是影响人们口味的唯一因素。本空修饰名词 factor,且 factor前有 the only,故本空应用动词不定式作定语。 4.to be completed 考查动词不定式作定语。句意:明年即将竣工的机场将有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。本空修饰名 词 airport,动词 comple
33、te和被修饰词 airport 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,且本空表示动作还没发生,故应用动词不定式的 被动形式作后置定语。 5.to be told 考查不定式作结果状语。句意:汤姆急匆匆地赶到电影院,结果却被告知电影已被取消了。根据句意可知, 本空表示“意料之外”的结果,且动词 tell 和句子主语 Tom 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故本空应用不定式的被动形式作结 果状语。 6.to leave 考查不定式作定语。句意: 当他们该离开的时候,老人们感谢他们的好意。its time for sb. to do sth.意为“到 某人做某事的时间了”,不定式在句中作定语修饰抽象名词 time。 7.
34、to do 考查不定式作定语。句意:史密斯农场现在提供给人们和山羊一起做每日瑜伽的机会。本空修饰抽象名词 chance,故应用不定式作后置定语。chance to do sth.意为“做某事的机会”。 【链接】被修饰词是抽象名词时,常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有:ability、chance、wish、excuse、promise、 attempt、way等。 8.to know 考查不定式作结果状语。句意:一找到目标,它会悄悄地在草丛中移动,直到它离目标足够近,知道自己能得 到回报(猎物)。enough to do sth.意为“足够做某事”,故本空应用不定式作结果状语。 9.to at
35、tend 考查动词不定式作定语。句意:老板匆匆忙忙地离开了办公室,因为他有急事要去处理。本空在句中作定 语,修饰名词 business,且本空动作还未发生,故应用动词不定式作后置定语。 【链接】不定式作定语通常放在被修饰词之后,表示将来的动作,若该不定式是不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。 10.to arrive 考查动词不定式作定语。句意:第一个到达的是来自哥伦比亚的 Tony Garcia,紧随其后的是来自英国的 Julia Smith。本空修饰名词 person,被修饰词前有序数词 first 修饰,故本空应用动词不定式作后置定语。 【链接】序数词、形容词最高级、the last、the
36、 only等后或被这些词修饰的名词或代词后,常用不定式作定语。 .1.名词;图表 句意:这张图表显示了该公司过去一年的销售额的快速增长。 2.名词;每周流行唱片排行榜 句意:他们同时登上了美国单曲和专辑每周流行唱片排行榜的榜首。 3.动词;记录,跟踪 句意:科学家们仔细地记录了过去十年该地区降雨量的变化。 4.动词;展示 句意:这次展览给了那些有前途的年轻艺术家展示他们的作品的机会。 5.动词;显露,表现 句意:我难得见到她将喜怒形于色。 6.名词;显示屏,显示器 句意:今天航班的详细情况都列在显示屏上。 7.动词;监测 句意:这台机器帮助医生监测病人的血压和心率的变化。 8.名词;班长 句意
37、:自从我进入大学以来,就一直是我班上的班长。 9.动词;掌握 句意:任何一个尝试过学汉语的外国人都能知道,掌握说汉语和听懂汉语所需的声调有多难。 10.名词;主人 句意:宠物狗能认出主人的嗓音,并服从他的命令。 11.名词;大师,能手 句意:为了保护传统技艺免于消失,当地政府建造了一座博物馆,大师们在那里可以展示他们的技艺。 .1.to understand 2.to communicate 3.to be told 4.to win 5.to take care of 6.to smile 7.to catch 能力提升练 .A 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一位叫 Edwards的英国
38、跳台滑雪运动员的事迹。他热爱运动,认为比赛的目的 是重在参与,而不仅仅是赢得比赛。 1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中 But what if competing is all that matters to you, whether you are likely to succeed or not? This was the goal of Michael Edwards, and that he reached that goal was an amazing achievement.可知,本段中作者通过提 问、回答,引出本文的话题人物。 2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Ski jumpi
39、ng didnt cost nearly as much, and there was almost no competition for a place on the Britain team.可知,跳台滑雪没花那么多钱,在英国队中几乎没有竞争,而 1984年冬奥会高山滑雪运动中竞争对手 很多,以致他没有合格,故选 C。 3.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 but he is proud of his achievement to this day可知,他至今对自己的成就感到自豪。 4.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 His determination to fight against al
40、l the difficulties made him a global hero 可知,他战 胜一切困难的决心使他成为全球英雄。 原句 But what if competing is all that matters to you, whether you are likely to succeed or not? 分析 本句为主从复合句。其中定语从句 that matters to you 修饰 all;whether you are likely to succeed or not 为让步状 语从句。 句意 但如果不论你是否有可能成功,比赛对你来说是最重要的会怎么办呢? 【高频词汇】
41、1.rare adj.稀少的 2.determination n.决心 3.make it big取得成功,出名 4.achievement n.成就 5.represent v.代表 6.qualify v.取得资格(或学历),合格,使具备资格 7.switch v.(使)改变,转变 n.开关 8.put sb.at a disadvantage 使某人处于 不利地位 9.altitude n.海拔 B 语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。如果孩子参加体育比赛,那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢?文章就这个问题给出 了两种不同的看法。 5.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中 She suggests trop
42、hies go to the most improved player, and the one who contributes most to the team spirit, as well as those who play the best.可知,Carol Dweck 认为,进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现 最佳的运动员都应获奖。C 项符合题意,故选 C 项。 6.D 细节理解题。根据第五段中“I think we should encourage kids participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology
43、professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids efforts.” 可知,Kenneth Barish 认为,我们应该鼓励孩子参加体育活动,颁发奖杯就是一种激励方式,故选 D项。 7.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句 Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved player with a trophy, we are teachin
44、g kids the wrong lesson. 及后句 We are sending the message that winning is everything. 可知,Barish 认为,当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候,我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信 号:获胜就是一切。因此画线词组 single out 意为“挑出”,故选 B项。 8.A 主旨大意题。本文的第一段为导语,导入讨论的话题。第二、三段陈述了 Carol Dweck 的主要观点:反对参与者 人人获奖。第四段至第七段陈述 Kenneth Barish 的观点,即赞成参与者人人获奖。由此推知,A 项 Wh
45、o deserves a trophy?(谁应该获得奖杯?)为最佳标题。 原句 She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, and the one who contributes most to the team spirit, as well as those who play the best. 分析 本句为主从复合句。其中 trophies go.the best 为宾语从句,作动词 suggests 的宾语;定语从句 who contributes most to the team spirit 修饰 the one;定语
46、从句 who play the best 修饰代词 those。 句意 她建议奖杯应该颁给最有进步的球员、对团队精神贡献最大的球员,以及那些发挥最好的球员。 【高频词汇】 1.deserve v.应得,值得 2.be up to sb.由某人决定 3.stand for代表 4.regardless of 不管 5.participation n.参与,参加 .语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,研究表明适量运动对身体有益,但过量运动对身体却有害处。 1.for 考查介词。句意:每天跑几公里对我们的健康有好处。be good for.意为“对有好处”,故本空应填介词 for。 2.regularly
47、考查副词。句意:经常长距离跑很多年会使我们的寿命更短,而不是更长。本空修饰动名词短语,故应用副 词 regularly“经常地”。 3.shorter 考查比较级。句意参考上题。根据空后 longer可知,本空应用形容词比较级 shorter。 4.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:一位研究人员说,过多的跑步会在你的心脏内造成问题,这可能会导致心脏病。 本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰 problems inside your heart,本空在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词 which。 5.added 考查时态。句意:他补充说,心脏病的风险可能与从未锻炼过的人一样。本空描述过去的动
48、作,故应用一般过 去时。 6.the 考查冠词。句意参考上题。the same as“与一致”。 7.problems 考查名词复数。句意:研究人员说,那些跑了 25年马拉松的人,他们的心脏问题比那些很少或不运动的人 多 62%。根据空前 more可知,本空应用名词复数形式。 8.cheated 考查过去分词。句意:另一个人说他感觉被骗了。分析句子结构可知,设空处作表语,且由句意可知表被动, 故应用 cheat 的过去分词形式。 9.to run 考查动词不定式。句意:他过去往往每周跑 60公里。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”,故本空应用不定 式 to run 作宾语。 10.exercising 考查动名词。句意:他说:“医生建议经常锻炼而不是过度锻炼。”advise doing sth.意为“建议做某事”,故 本空应用动名词 exercising作宾语。
