1、1/10 阅读 reading 2 中的材料，选出最佳选项 1What is the text mainly about? AThe cats being lost and found in the terrible storm. BThe authors experience and optimistic attitude in the storm. CThe stars looking more beautiful and attractive after the storm. DThe authors habit of watching the stars after the storm
2、. 2What do we learn about the authors family? AThe authors cat and the roof were blown away. BMom was successful to run out of the room. CThey went out by boat on the “street river” DIt became unsafe for them to stay at home. 3What matters for the whole family in Moms eyes? AStaying together and bei
3、ng safe. BWatching the stars with no lights. CStaying away from home for a few days. DHaving clothes on their backs. 答案 13 BDA Words and Phrases 知识要点1 reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的 (教材 P65) So，for accurate and reliable predictions，its best to check an official，scientific report. 所以，对于精确可靠的预测而言，最好是去检查一下官方的科学
4、报告。 例 1 He is a reliable man and you definitely can believe his words. 他是个可靠的人，你绝对可以相信他的话。 例 2 According to the reliable information，we will have three days off from tomorrow. 2/10 据可靠消息，我们明天起放三天假。 造句 我们的消息来源可靠。 Our information comes from a reliable source. 知识拓展 rely v 依靠，信赖 rely on 依靠，依赖；信赖 rely on
5、 it that. 相信；指望 即学即练 单句语法填空 He likes to do well and to be seen as reliable(rely) You can rely on it that it will rain this weekend. 小片段填空 Many parents feel some teachers in the kindergarten are not reliable and they cant rely on them to look after their children.We cant rely on it that a kindergarte
6、n whose purpose is to earn money will benefit your children a lot. 很多家长感觉这所幼儿园的老师不值得信赖， 他们不能信赖他们来照顾自己 的孩子。我们不能指望一所以赚钱为目的的幼儿园能对你的孩子有多少好处。 知识要点2 rescue v&n.营救，解救；援救 (教材 P65) Amongst all the international heavy rescue teams，the China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was the first internatio
7、nal heavy rescue team to arrive. 在所有的国际重型救援中，中国国际重型搜救和救援队是第一个到达的。 例 1 They were eventually rescued by helicopter. 他们最后被直升机救走了。 例 2 She had despaired of ever being rescued alive. 她那时对获救生还已经绝望了。 造句 我们那时已经放弃了获救的希望。 We had given up hope of rescue/being rescued. 归纳拓展 rescue sb./sth.from 从营救某人/某物；使某人/某物免于
8、 come to ones rescue 营救某人 3/10 即学即练 单句语法填空 The 23yearolds screams alerted a passerby who went to her (she) rescue. You rescued me from an embarrassing situation. 知识要点3 claim v(战争、事故等)夺去生命；声称 (教材 P66) Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time，they destroyed buildings and fo
9、rests，and claimed over 256 lives. 由于短时间内异常严重的降雪，他们摧毁了建筑物和森林，夺走了 256 条生 命。 例 1 The civil war claimed several lives of Chinese members of UN Peacekeeping Force. 内战夺去了几个联合国维和部队中国成员的生命。 例 2 He claims that he was not given a fair chance of competition. 他声称他未得到公正的竞争机会。 造句 那次撞车事故导致三人死亡，包括两个成年人和一个孩子。 The ca
10、r crash claimed three lives including two adults and a child. 归纳拓展 claim to have done 声称做过某事 claim to be 声称 It is claimed that 据称，听说 即学即练 单句语法填空 I am a newcomer and dont claim to be (be) an expert. The tourist claimed to have seen (see)the monster in the lake. 小片段填空 Someone called the police and cla
11、imed to be a doctor and claimed to have known the traffic accident three days ago.And he said the accident actually claimed five lives in all but the driver refused to admit. 有人打电话报警，声称自己是个医生，并且声称自己了解三天前那场交通事 故。并且他说事故事实上造成五人死亡但是司机拒绝承认。 知识要点4 threaten v威胁到，危及 (教材 P66) It led to a severe food crisis a
12、nd threatened the livelihoods of more 4/10 than 9.5 million people. 它导致了严重的粮食危机，并威胁到 950 多万人的生计。 例 1 He said that elder boy had threatened to beat him on his way home. 他说那个大一点的男孩已经威胁过他了，要在回家的路上揍他。 例 2 The thief threatened the old man with a knife. 这个抢劫犯用刀子威胁老人。 造句 她依然记得自己昨天被威胁的场景。 She still remember
13、 her being threatened yesterday. 归纳拓展 threat n 威胁，可能带来危险的人(事) threatened adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的 threatening adj. (行为)威胁的 即学即练 单句语法填空 The use of nuclear weapons is a horrible threat (threaten) to the human beings. He didnt feel threatened (threat) at the news of her succeeding in finishing the work. 小片段填空
14、It is said that several older students in that school threatened the younger ones to give them money or they would be punished.The threat led to many students not going to school.The parents felt the safety of their children threatened and they asked the school to punished the threatening behaviors
15、in the school. 据说那所学校的几个年长点的学生威胁年龄小的学生给他们钱否则他们就 会受到惩罚。这样的威胁导致很多学生不去上学。家长们觉得他们孩子的安全受 到了威胁，要求校方惩罚学校里的威胁人的行为。 知识要点5 otherwise adv.& conj.否则，要不然 (教材 P68) There was water everywhere，but we couldnt drink any of it otherwise wed get really sick. 到处都是水，但是我们一滴也不能喝，否则我们就会真的得病。 例 1 He must work really hard， ot
16、herwise， he will soon be abandoned by his company and his fans. 他必须非常努力地工作，不然他很快就会被公司和歌迷遗弃。 5/10 例 2 I need your answer by six oclock tonightotherwise well leave you out of it! 我必须在今晚六点前得到你的答复，否则我们就把你排除在外！ 造句 抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。 Seize the chance，otherwise youll regret it. 归纳拓展 otherwise adv. 在其他方面，不同地，用
17、别的方法 or otherwise 或相反，或其他情况 but otherwise 但在别的方面却 即学即练 单句语法填空 Over 7，000 riders on Beijing subways were fined for putting feet on the seats or otherwise taking up too much space. She is not very clever，but otherwise shes a nice girl. Sentence Patterns 重点句式1 be doing.when 正在做这时 (教材 P68) I was sitting
18、 in my room with my cat， Smartie， on my lap， when the roof just flew off. 我正坐在房间里，我的猫思马蒂坐在我大腿上，这时屋顶飞走了。 句式分析： 本句为一个并列句， when 是并列连词， 意为“ 正在这时/那时”， 相当于 and at that time，本句核心句型为：was/were doing.when“当时，正 在那时”。 例 1 They were talking about him when he came in. 他们正在谈论他，正在那时他走了进来。 例 2 We were doing our home
19、work when the lights went off. 我们正在做作业时，灯突然灭了。 造句 我正在家里学习，这时我的手机响了。 I was studying at home when my cellphone rang. 归纳拓展 when 作并列连词常用于下列句型中： (1)sb.was about to do sth.when. sb.was on the point of doing sth.when.某人 6/10 正要干某事，就在这时 (2)be just going to do sth.when.正要这时 (3)sb.had (just) done sth.when.某人刚
20、干完某事，就在这时 翻译 I was about to go out when it began to rain.(正要出门) He had just finished his homework when his mom asked him to help.(刚完成 作业) 即学即练 单句语法填空 He was about to raise (raise) his hand when class was over. He had just sent (send) an email on the Internet when his computer broke down. 重点句式2 the m
21、oment 引导时间状语从句 (教材 P69) He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.暴风雨刚一来袭， 他 就已经消失了。 句式分析：该句是由 the moment 连接的复合句。the moment 意思是： 一 就 例 1 He rushed out the classroom the moment he saw his mother. 他一看到妈妈就从教室里冲了出来。 例 2 The moment I arrived at the station I found my friend waiting there. 我一到车站就看到我朋友在那
22、里等我。 造句 一想起去打篮球，我就觉得激动。 I feel excited the moment I think of playing basketball. 归纳拓展 the moment 在句中为名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一 就”。用作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有： (1)every time，any time，next time，the first time，the last time，by the time， the day 等。 (2)the instant，the minute 意为“一就”相当于 as soon as。 翻译 I think of the
23、happy time we spent together every time I see these photos.(每 7/10 次) The first time you take part in a race，it is very normal to feel tense.(第一次) 即学即练 单句语法填空 Next time you come (come) to London，do come to pay me a visit. The first time I came (come) to that town，I was deeply impressed. 重点句式3 before
24、 在之前 (教材 P69) Although it was only a few days before we were rescued， it felt like months. 尽管仅仅过了几天我们就得救了，但是感觉像过了几个月。 句式分析：该句是一个 although 连接的让步状语从句。其中从句中的 before 引导时间状语从句，句型为“It be 过去时间段 before 从句(一般过去 时)”过时间才 例 1 It was nearly a day before he realized his mistakes and said sorry to his friend. 将近一天
25、之后，他才意识到他的错误并向他的朋友道歉。 例 2 It was some time before we knew the truth of the accident. 过了一段时间后，我们才了解了事故的真相。 造句 这种状况或许要过很多年才能得到改善。 It may be many years before the situation improves. 归纳拓展 含 before 的常用句式有： (1)It wont be long before.“用不了多久就会”(before 从句用一般现在 时) (2)It wasnt long before.“没过多久就”(before 从句用一般
26、过去时) (3)It will be一段时间before.“要过若干时间之后才”(before 从句 用一般现在时) 即学即练 单句语法填空 She and her family hid away for nearly twentyfive months before they were discovered. John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job. 8/10 主旨大意题 提分技巧：快速确定文章大意。没有明显的主题句的文章或段落要通过归纳 要点抓大意。主题句位于文章或段落中间类型的文章要从段落中抓大意。主题
27、句 出现在开头的文章，如说明文、议论文、科技文献和新闻报道，要从首句中抓大 意。 段落中出现表示转折的词语(如 however， but， in fact， on the contrary， in contrast 等)时，其后的句子很可能是主题句。首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可 能就是主题句。作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语， 一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。 典例 (2018 全国卷 阅读理解 C 节选) Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times t
28、here has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter- gatherers，small，tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10， 000 years ago， when the world had just five to ten million peo
29、ple， they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them. Soon afterwards， many of those people started settling down to become farmers， and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries， trade， industrialisation， the development of the nation- state and the spread of
30、universal compulsory education，especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades，all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present，the world has about 6，800 languages.The distributi
31、on of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages， often spoken by many people， while hot， wet zones have lots， often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages； the Americas about 1， 000； Africa 2， 400； and Asia and the Pacifi
32、c perhaps 3， 200， of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 9/10 Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction (消 亡)，
33、with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick， at random， Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers)， Chiapaneco in Mexico (150)， Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one，with a questionmark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 31What is the main
34、 idea of the text? ANew languages will be created. BPeoples lifestyles are reflected in languages. CHuman development results in fewer languages. DGeography determines language evolution. C 第一段说明语言已有几千年的历史， 但有一些语言正在消失； 第二段说 明随着人类社会的发展，语言变得更少；第三段说明语言的分布是不均匀的；第 四段介绍了超过 400 种语言正面临消亡的威胁。 整篇文章主要说明的是由于人类
35、社会的发展导致了语言变得越来越少。故选 C。 即学即练 请快速确定这篇文章节选的主旨大意。 (2017 浙江卷 阅读理解 A 节选) Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camels hair.There
36、 were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush. . In 1747， when Benjamin was nine years old， Mr.Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamins parents if he m
37、ight take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit. In the city， Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape (风景) painting.William Williams， a wellknown painter， came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on
38、 painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little， having been a poor student.But he later said， “Those two books were my 10/10 companions by day，and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introducti
39、on to classical paintings.The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist. 21What is the text mainly about？( ) ABenjamins visit to Philadelphia. BWilliams influence on Benjamin. CThe beginning of Benjamins life as an artist. DThe friendship between Benjamin and Pennington. C 根据第一段第一句“Benjamin West，the father of American painting， showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.”以及选文第二段第一 句“In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old”和最后一段，并结合全文可知， 本文主要讲述了艺术家本杰明韦斯特少年时代的艺术启蒙。
