1、1/16 单元综合检测(五) .阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) A NEW YORKA massive winter storm paralyzed much of the U S.East Coast on Thursday and Friday， dumping as much as 46 centimeters of snow from the Carolinas to Maine.It also caused flooding on the streets of Boston due to swelling storm tides，forced th
2、e cancellation of nearly 5，000 flights and closed businesses，offices and schools. Some meteorologists(气象学家) classified the storm as a “bomb cyclone” for its sharp drop in atmospheric pressure would be followed immediately by a blast of cold air that could break records in more than two dozen cities
3、and bring wind chills as low as40 C during the weekend. From Baltimore， Maryland， to Caribou in Maine， efforts were underway to clear roadways of ice and snow as wind chill temperatures were to plunge during the day， reaching40 C in some parts after sundown，according to the National Weather Service.
4、 Utility companies across the East worked to repair downed power lines early on Friday as about 21，000 customers remained without electricity，down from almost 80，000 the day before，and issued warnings that temperatures may become dangerously low. “If the temperature in your home begins to fall，we re
5、commend taking shelter elsewhere until service can be restored.You can find warming centers by contacting local authorities， ” National Grid power company， which serves Massachusetts， said on Twitter. Airlines canceled 4，000 flights on Thursday and hundreds more on Friday， according to FlightA，an on
6、line tracking service. Mayor Bill de Blasio said it could feel like30 C on Friday and Saturday nights with the wind chill.“This is a serious，serious storm，and may be the most severe in 2018， ” he said at a news conference. 2/16 New York Governor Andrew Cuomo declared a state of emergency for the sou
7、thern part of the state，while New Jersey Governor Chris Christie declared a state of emergency for several counties. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。大规模的暴风雪于周四和周五袭击了 美国东海岸，给当地的生产和生活造成了严重影响。 1Which of the following is NOT the consequence of the massive winter storm? ABreakdown of the US.coast. BFlooding in Boston.
8、CCancellation of nearly 5，000 flights. DClosure in business，offices，and schools. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，受暴风雪的影响，波士顿暴发了 洪水，近 5 000 架航班被迫取消，企业、办公楼和学校也被迫关闭。只有 A 项没 有提到，故选 A。 2Why did some meteorologists classify this winter storm as “bomb cyclone”？ ABecause it will cause changeable atmospheric pressure. BB
9、ecause the scale of this storm could break records in lots of cities. CBecause of the deadly and destructive effects of this storm. DBecause of the extremely cold air and the wind chills in this storm. D 细节理解题。 根据第二段可知， 一些气象专家将此类风暴归为“炸弹气 旋”的原因是气压的急剧下降，而随后还会有一股冷空气到来，打破了 20 多座 城市的记录，导致周末时气温低至40 C。故选 D
10、。 3Which of the following best explains the underlined word “plunge” in Para.3? Adecline steadily Bdrop dramatically Cfluctuate violently Dfall moderately B 词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，一些地区的风寒温度在日落后会降到 40 C。据此可知，画线词的含义为“突然下降”，故选 B。 4About the rescue work，which of the following statements is INCORRECT? APeople wer
11、e making great efforts to rid roadways of ice and snow. BAbout 101 thousand people were left without electricity on Thursday. CResidents can stay in warming centers until heating service is restored. 3/16 DAviation service hasnt been brought back to normal yet until Friday. B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，人们正在加紧清理路
12、面上的冰雪，故排 除 A 项；根据第五段前两句可知，在供暖服务恢复之前，居民可以住在供暖中 心，故排除 C 项；根据第六段可知，航班服务仍然没有恢复正常，故排除 D 项。 根据第四段内容可知，周五早些时候，电力公司都在努力修复被击落的电线，当 时大约有 21 000 家没有电，比前一天的差不多 80 000 家减少了，故可知周四没 有电的不是 101 000 家。故选 B。 B Whats life like on a deserted island? Senator Jeff Flake of Arizona decided to find out. The adventurous sena
13、tor took a vacation from Capitol Hill and went on a four- day Robinson Crusoe style holiday with his two teenage sons to a remote， deserted island in the North Pacific Ocean. The senator and his sons，15yearold Tanner and 13yearold Dallin，traveled 5，200 miles from Phoenix，Arizona to the island of Big
14、garenn.They didnt carry any food or water. The island is part of the Marshall Islands.It offered no basic supplies，so the Flakes had to catch and cook their own food and purify their water.Their diet was made up of coconuts，crabs and fish.They caught the crab and fish themselves and cooked the food
15、over an open fire started with a magnifying glass (放大镜) The Flakes brought along a lobster trap (龙虾夹) in the hope of having some delicious treats，but lost it within the first few hours after it was attacked by a shark.They also carried two pumps to remove salt from ocean water.It took them hours eac
16、h night to pump for just a few gallons of fresh water. One of the most memorable moments of the trip，the father said，was when he and his 15yearold son were almost caught by sharks after spearing (叉起) a fish in the ocean. Still，it was quite an enjoyable holiday for them.“For a dad it was a wonderful
17、thing.No video games around，no television，no disturbance，no texting， ” Flake recalled. 5Why did the Flakes go to the island of Biggarenn? 4/16 ATo meet Robinson Crusoe. BTo spear the shark for food. CTo spend a special vacation. DTo swim in the North Pacific Ocean. 6What can we learn from the passag
18、e? AThe Flakes could easily find a fire on the island. BThe Flakes caught lobsters for food on the island. CThe Flakes found basic things that they needed on the island. DThe Flakes took much trouble to get drinkable water on the island. 7According to the passage，the Flakes holiday is _ Aadventurous
19、 but interesting Bexciting but painful Cmeaningless but enjoyable Dboring but memorable 【语篇解读】 文章讲述了 Jeff Flake 带领自己的两个儿子亲身体验了一次 荒岛冒险。 5C 细节理解题。根据文章第 2 段可知，他带领两个儿子去孤岛探险是 为了度过一个特殊的假期。 6D 推理判断题。根据文章第 5 段中的“It took them hours each night to pump for just a few gallons of fresh water.”可知， Flake 和两个儿子为了得到
20、能喝的 水需要费很大的劲。 7A 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第 2 段可知，他们差点儿被鲨鱼吃了， 这说明非常惊险。 再根据最后一段中的“Still， it was quite an enjoyable holiday for them.”可知，他们的假期过得惊险而有趣。 C During the 15th century，spices(香料)from India were very popular in Europe， however，the only way to travel from Europe to India was over land.This was a long and ex
21、pensive trip.The King of Portugal realized if he could find a way to get to India by sailing on the ocean，he would become rich by trading spices in Europe.An explorer(探险家)by the name of Bartolomeu Dias had discovered the Cape of Good 5/16 Hope at the tip of Africa.It was thought that there may be a
22、way around the Cape and to the northeast towards India.However，many were skeptical and thought that the Indian Ocean did not connect with the Atlantic Ocean. Vasco da Gama，who was born in 1460s to a wealthy Portuguese family in Sines，was given a fleet of ships by the king and told to discover a sea
23、route(路 线)around Africa to India.He was also told to look for other trading possibilities along the way. Vasco da Gama left on his first voyage(航行)from Lisbon，Portugal，with four ships and 170 men on July 8，1497.Gama and his men rounded the southern tip of Africa at the Cape of Good Hope on November
24、22.They then headed north up the coast of Africa.They stopped at trading ports along the way including Mombasa and Malindi.At Malindi (about 120km northeast of Mombasa)， they picked up a local pilot who knew the direction to India.With the help of a monsoon wind they were able to cross the Indian Oc
25、ean and arrive in Calicut，India in less than a month (on May 20， 1498) At Calicut， Vasco ran into serious trouble when trying to trade.He had brought little of value in his ships.This made the local traders doubtful of him and very soon he had to leave.The voyage back was disastrous.Around half of h
26、is men died from scurvy(坏血病)as the trip back took much longer because of the winds not blowing in his favor.However，when he returned home，he was still a hero.He had found the much needed trade route to India. 【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文，文章介绍了葡萄牙探险家达 伽马第一次航 行到印度的原因及过程。 8What does the underlined word“skeptical”in P
27、aragraph 1 mean? AWorried. BDoubtful. CHopeful. DSupportive. B 词义猜测题。 由第一段中的“there may be a way.towards India”和划线词 后的“the Indian Ocean did not connect with the Atlantic Ocean”可知， 因为许多人认 为印度洋与大西洋不相连， 所以他们对绕过好望角而到达印度的路线这一想法持 怀疑态度。 9What was the main purpose of Vasco da Gamas first voyage to India? ATo
28、 take control of India. 6/16 BTo control the spice trade. CTo find a trade route to India. DTo bring back spices from India. C 细节理解题。第一段解释了葡萄牙国王派遣达 伽马出行的原因“find a way to get to India.trading spices in Europe”，再由第二段中的“told to discover a sea route around Africa to India”可知，达 伽马第一次航行到印度的目的是寻找一 条贸易路线。 1
29、0Which is the correct route of Gamas first voyage to India? ASinesthe Cape of Good HopeMombasaMalindiCalicut. BSinesthe Cape of Good HopeMalindiMombasaCalicut. CLisbonthe Cape of Good HopeMalindiMombasaCalicut. DLisbonthe Cape of Good HopeMombasaMalindiCalicut. D 细节理解题。由第三段描述达 伽马第一次从欧洲航海到印度的路线 “left
30、 on his first voyage (航行) from Lisbon.rounded.at the Cape of Good Hope.At Malindi (about 120km northeast of Mombasa).cross the Indian Ocean and arrive in Calicut”可知答案。 11What happened to Gama and his men when they stayed at Calicut? ATheir trading was wellreceived. BHalf of them got a serious illnes
31、s. CThey missed the best time to go back home. DThey were considered unwelcome by the local traders. D 推理判断题。由第三段中的“He had brought little of value.doubtful of him”可知，到达 Calicut 之后，由于船上有价值的东西太少，因此达 伽马和他的 船员们在那里不受当地商人的欢迎。 D The early life of the green sea turtle (海龟) is full of danger.Only one in 1，00
32、0 baby sea turtles survive to adulthood (成年)From its home in the sand，it breaks its egg with an egg tooth.Its mother is not there to help it.Instead，it is greeted by crabs， coyotes，and dogs waiting to eat it for dinner.To survive，the baby turtle must hide in the sand until night.Then，it moves slowly
33、 to the sea. 7/16 The small turtle must swim hard to reach the ocean waters.In the sea， it tries hard to find food.It must also keep itself from being food for fish. As dangerous as the sea turtles life is in the natural world，its most dangerous enemies are humans.The rubbish left by humans in the o
34、cean causes problems for the small green sea turtle.A little turtle might eat a piece of plastic (塑料) in the sea.It might also eat oil on the oceans surface.Young turtles also get caught in fishing nets.There are laws against hunting sea turtles.Still，many are hunted，both for their meat and for thei
35、r shells (壳)All of these dangers must be prevented. Sea turtles that do survive to grow into adulthood go through many changes.For example，adult green sea turtles weigh about 500 pounds.They stop eating jellyfish and other meat and eat only plants.And they may plan a trip to go back home again.A mot
36、her sea turtle goes back to the beach where she was born.This is the only place where she will lay eggs.Even if it has been forty years since she was a baby，she always knows her way back home. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。海龟的成活非常不易，从出生到成年， 它们需要面对各种各样的危险。 12Why do baby turtles move to the sea at night? AThey disl
37、ike sunshine. BThey need to avoid enemies. CThey can find food easily then. DThey prefer lower temperatures. B 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Instead，it is greeted by crabs.eat it for dinner.”可知，刚出生的小海龟选择在夜间爬向大海是为了避免天敌的袭击。 13What does the author think of the young turtles in Paragraph 3? APitiful. BCareless. CInteres
38、ting. DCourageous. A 推理判断题。 作者在第三段描述了人类给海龟带来的严重威胁， 表达了 对小海龟的深切同情。 14What can we learn about sea turtles? AThey mainly feed on fish and meat. BThey can live for around forty years. 8/16 CThey always produce eggs at their birthplaces. DThey visit their beach homes several times a year. C 细节理解题。由最后一段中的
39、“This is the only place where she will lay eggs.”可知，雌性海龟只在她的出生地产卵。 15What is the text mainly about? AThe homes of green sea turtles. BHow sea turtles find their food. CThe dangers faced by sea turtles. DHow young turtles become adults. C 主旨大意题。 通读全文可知， 本文主要介绍了海龟从小到大面临的各种 危险。 .阅读七选五(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，
40、满分 12.5 分) Red Cross Apps Guide Survivalists through Natural Disasters Red Cross has several apps that will help you in a natural disaster. 16 Emergency App For an allinone reference for any catastrophe，the Emergency App is the answer. 17 Users can also customize their alerts according to their area
41、s and locations of their loved ones so that they can monitor activity in multiple places. Earthquake App 18 And the number of high magnitude earthquakes nearly doubled last year.With the Earthquake App，youll receive realtime alerts and notifications and learn how to respond in this natural disaster
42、while keeping your family and home safe from any further threats. Hurricane App This is a musthave for people in hurricane areas. 19 Much like the Earthquake App，it will supply you with details for staying safe in this circumstance. Shelter Finder App In case your emergency shelter wasnt built to wi
43、thstand whatever disaster came your way，the Shelter Finder App uses data from the National Shelter System and maps out the secured shelters across the country.Other than the address，the app also supplies you with details such as the agency running the shelter，capacity and current 9/16 population of
44、the shelter，among others. 20 AThe global earthquake rate is rising. BEach app is available on iOS and Android devices. CIt contains information on over 35 different types of emergency situations. DThese details are updated within every thirty minutes，so youll always stay posted. ETrack storms and th
45、e condition in your area so that you can take the proper precautions. FThe modern survivalist knows your smart phone is the best tool to keep you on your feet. GFor other apps specific to a natural disaster，the Red Cross also has apps for floods，tornadoes，and wildfires. 【语篇解读】 如何应对自然灾害呢？本文介绍了一些红十字会自
46、然灾害客 户端，它们会对你有所帮助。 16 B 设空处前面句子说到“红十字会有几个应用程序会在自然灾害中帮 助你”。 选项 B 意为“每个应用程序都可在 iOS 和 Android 设备上使用”， 符合 语境。 17C 由设空前的内容可知选项 C 符合语境，意为“它包含了关于超过 35 种不同类型的紧急情况的信息”。 18A 该段主要介绍“地震应用程序”，选项 A 意为“全球地震发生率 正在上升”，其中的关键词“earthquake”与段落主题相符。由此可见，选项 A 符 合语境。 19E 选项 E 中的关键信息“storms”与段落标题以及设空处前面句子中的 关键线索词“hurricane”
47、相符。由此可见，选项 E 符合语境。 20D 选项 D 中的“These details”与上文中提到的“with details such as.” 相呼应。由此可见，选项 D 符合语境。 .完形填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) On August 26 ， 1999 ， New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm.Unfortunately，this happened during the morning rush hour.Many people who were going to work were 21 to
48、 go home.Some battled to call a taxi or to 10/16 get on a bus.Still others faced the 22 bravely，walking miles to get to work.I 23 to be one of people on the way to work that morning.I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most 24 had stopped.After making my way 25 crowds of people，I finally found a subway line that was 26 Unluckily，there were so many people waiting to 27 the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the 28 So I took the train going in the opposite direction，and then switched back to the downtown train.Finally， after what seemed like forever， th
