1、Section B Using language .知识体系图解 重点词汇 1. v.持续;延伸 2. n.职责;使命 3. n.疾病,病 4. n.残疾,残障 5. n.地区,地方 6. adj.敏感的,容易生气的 7. adj.慷慨的,大方的 8. v.迟疑,犹豫 extend mission disease disability territory sensitive generous hesitate 9.cancer n. 10.royal adj. 11.institution n. 12.assistance n. 13.registration n. 14.confirmati
2、on n. 癌症 王室的,皇家的 机构,团体 帮助,援助 登记,注册 证实,证明 重点短语 1.take up 2.not only.but also 3.hesitate to do sth e up with 5.cheer sb up e across 7.play a role in 接受,占据;继续;从事 不但而且 做某事很犹豫 提出,想出 使某人振作起来 偶然遇见 在中起作用 8.尽管,虽然 9.记笔记 10.参加,参与 11.稍微;有几分 12.幽默感 13.适合于 14.照顾;照看 in spite of take notes be involved in kind of se
3、nse of humour be suitable for take care of 重点句式 1.we need to not only donate money but also get new ideas. 2.I think the support which is needed includes new technology for recycling water and education on how to use and save water. .释义匹配 1.mission A.the act of recording names and details on an offi
4、cial list 2.sensitive B.easily upset or offended by events or things that people say 3.hesitate C.to pause before saying or doing something because you are nervous or not sure 4.registration D.an important job that involves travelling somewhere,done by a member of the air force, army etc,or by a spa
5、cecraft 5.confirmation E.a statement,document etc that says that something is definitely true 答案 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.E .完成句子 1.The book (一个农民写的) is very popular. 2. (受伤的工人) are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 3.The window (被那个顽皮的男孩打破 的) is being repaired. 4.The children (昨天在医院检 查的) were
6、seriously ill. 5.The boy (受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student. 6.Most of the artists (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa. 7. (受到鼓舞的学生)worked harder than ever before. written by a farmer The injured workers broken by that naughty boy examined at the hospital yesterday punished severely by the teacher
7、invited to the party The inspired students 重点词汇 1.Since 1953,UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world.(教材P17) 自1953年以来,儿童基金会从事了一项长期任务,帮助发展中国家 的儿童 【词汇精讲】句中的take up意为“开始从事”,是及物动词短语。此 外,还可表示“占用;占据;拿起”。 Im sorry to have taken up so much of your time. 对不起,我占用了你这么多时
8、间。 They took up arms to fight against the enemy. 他们拿起武器反抗敌军。 【词汇拓展】 take away拿走;带走;夺走 take back退回;撤回 take down记下;拆卸 take in吸收;理解;欺骗 take off脱下;起飞;休假;(事业)腾飞;匆忙离去 take on呈现;雇用 take out取出;拔掉;带出去 take over接管;接任 Many animals died because we have taken away their shelter and food. 许多动物死去了,因为我们夺走了它们的庇护所和食物
9、。 If I buy something that he doesnt like,Ill take it back. 要是我买的东西他不喜欢的话,我就会去退货。 You have to remind Jane to take out the garbage. 你得提醒Jane把垃圾拿出去。 2.Hes sensitive.(教材P18)他很敏感 【词汇精讲】sensitive是形容词,意为“敏感的,容易生气的”。其名 词是sense“感觉”。 You are far too sensitive. 你也太敏感了。 【词汇拓展】 be sensitive to对敏感的;体贴的;善解人意的 be s
10、ensitive about介意;在乎 Theres no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive to the price. 毫无疑问,消费者仍对价格十分敏感。 There is no denying that people are very sensitive about their appearance. 不可否认,人们很在意自己的外表。 3.never hesitates to help.(教材P18) 毫不犹豫地帮忙。 【词汇精讲】hesitate为动词,意为“迟疑,犹豫”。 I hesitated for a moment
11、 before I offered my seat to her.我犹豫了一 会儿,然后把座位让给她了。 【词汇拓展】 hesitant adj.犹豫不决的 hesitation n.犹豫不决 hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事;不愿做某事 hesitate about/at/over (doing) sth (做)某事犹豫不决 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 Shes hesitant about signing the contract. 她对是否签这个合同还犹豫不决。 Don
12、t hesitate to contact me if you need any more information. 如果你需要更多信息,尽管跟我联系。 Considering the low salary,he declined the position without hesitation. 考虑到工资很低,他毫不犹豫地拒绝了这个职位。 4.In China,volunteers are also playing an increasingly important role in environmental protection,disability assistance and many
13、 other fields.(教材P19) 在中国,志愿者们也在环境保护、伤残救助以及很多其他领域起着 越来越重要的作用。 【词汇精讲】assistance是不可数名词,相当于help,意为“帮助,援助”。 One of her fellow passengers came to her assistance. 同行的一个乘客过来帮她。 【词汇拓展】 assistant n.助手;助理 assist vt.帮助 be of assistance 有帮助的 with the assistance of.在的帮助下 assist sb with/in sth帮助某人某事 assist sb to
14、do sth帮助某人做某事 assist sb in doing sth帮助某人做某事 Not only did he assist me with the settlement problems,but also showed me around the city. 他不仅帮我解决了安置问题,还带我参观了这座城市。 Those volunteers will assist you in finding somewhere to live.那些志 愿者会帮助你找到住的地方。 Good glasses will assist you to read. 好的眼镜有助于你阅读。 5.Think ab
15、out other voluntary work you would like to be involved in.(教材P19) 考虑一下你想参与的其他志愿工作 【词汇精讲】句中的be involved in意为“参与,参加”。此外,还表示 “牵涉进;陷入;专注于”。 More than 30 software firms were involved in the project. 30多家软件公司参与了这个项目。 All the children were involved in the school play. 所有的孩子都参加了学校的话剧。 He was involved in wor
16、king out a plan all evening. 他整个晚上都在聚精会神地制定计划。 【词汇拓展】 involve vt.包含,包括;涉及;影响;需要 involve doing sth包括做某事 involve sb/sth in (doing) sth使某人/物介入某事 be/get involved with 参与;卷入;与有关 Every day each of us makes decisions that involve taking a chance. 每天我们每个人做出的决定都包括碰运气的成分。 It would be difficult not to involve
17、the childs father in the discussion. 很难不把这个孩子的父亲卷入这场讨论。 I think there was no need for us to get involved with the quarrel. 我认为我们没有必要卷入这场争吵。 重点句式 1.we need to not only donate money but also get new ideas.(教材 P17) 我们不仅需要捐钱,而且需要提出新想法。 【句式剖析】not only.but also.“不但而且”,连接并列成 分。其中的also有时可以省略。 They are not o
18、nly experienced,but also patient and understanding. 他们不仅经验丰富,而且有耐心,善解人意。 I hope this opportunity will not only make you happy,but also satisfy your interest in Chinese operas. 我希望这个机会不仅会让你高兴,还会满足你对中国戏剧的兴趣。 【句式拓展】 (1)若连接的两个成分作主语,其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。 Not only the students but also their teacher likes play
19、ing football. 不仅是学生,老师也喜欢踢足球。 (2)若连接两个句子,且not only位于句首时,not only后面的句子要用 部分倒装。 Not only should we raise money for them,but also we should help them rebuild their home. 我们不仅应该为他们筹集资金,还应该帮助他们重建家园。 2.I think the support which is needed includes new technology for recycling water and education on how to
20、use and save water.(教材 P17) 我认为在包括循环用水的新科技以及教育人们怎样利用和节约用 水等方面都需要支持。 【句式剖析】how to use and save water为“疑问词+不定式”结构,在 句中作宾语。whether,what,which,whom,who,where,when,how等加 不定式构成的结构在句中起名词作用,可以作主语、表语和宾语。 There are so many amber decorations that I could not decide which one to choose. 有如此多的琥珀装饰物,我无法决定选择哪一件。 W
21、hen and where to hold the meeting remains to be discussed further. 何时何地举行会议有待于进一步讨论。 No one could tell me where to buy the interesting book.没有人能告 诉我在哪儿能买到这本有趣的书。 【句式拓展】 (1)在此结构中,不定式只能用主动式,而不能用被动式。 It is my honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school. 我很荣幸在这
22、和大家分享高中要学习什么的看法。 (2)why 或why not 后加不定式时,省略to。 Why not form the habit of exercising to keep fit? 为什么不养成锻炼的习惯来保持健康呢? 重点语法 过去分词作定语 过去分词是非谓语动词形式的一种,是高考英语考查的重点。从性 质上讲,过去分词相当于形容词或副词,因此它可以在句中作表语、 定语、宾语补足语和状语。下面我们主要就过去分词作定语的用 法进行归纳总结。 1.单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义,常作前置 定语。 terrified people受到惊吓的人们 polluted water
23、被污染的水 a broken cup一个打碎了的杯子 注意:(1)过去分词作前置定语时,有时只有被动意义。 spoken English英语口语 written exercises书面练习 (2)少数不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语时只有完成的意义。 fallen leaves落叶 boiled water开水 the developed countries发达国家 a retired teacher一名退休教师 2.过去分词短语作后置定语,表示被动和完成意义。 farms abandoned by people 被人们遗弃的农场 the dictionary designed for begi
24、nners 专门为初学者设计的字典 the river polluted by the dirty water 被脏水污染的河 3.过去分词作定语,相当于一个定语从句。 The books,written by Mo Yan,were very popular. =The books,which were written by Mo Yan,were very popular. 4.过去分词和现在分词以及动词不定式作定语的区别:现在分词表 示主动和进行,过去分词表示被动和完成,动词不定式表示将要发 生。 boiling water 正在烧(煮沸)的水 boiled water 开水 devel
25、oping countries 发展中国家 developed countries发达国家 falling leaves落叶(正在进行) fallen leaves落叶(已经完成) the meeting held yesterday昨天举行的会议 the meeting being held now现在正在举行的会议 the meeting to be held tomorrow 明天要举行的会议 5.某些动词的过去分词已转化成了形容词,表示某人的内心感受,有 时还可以修饰voice,expression,look等名词。 The frightened animals fled in all
26、 directions. 受到惊吓的动物四处逃窜。 From his disappointed look,I knew he didnt pass the exam again. 从他失望的表情,我知道他又没有通过考试。 .单词拼写 1.His d prevents him from holding a job. 答案 disability 2.The girl is very s to what others think of her and easily annoyed by comments. 答案 sensitive 3.I couldnt have gone through that
27、 bitter period without your g help. 答案 generous 4.We ought not to h to meet any challenges in our life. 答案 hesitate 5.In this letter,I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your a . 答案 assistance 6.If we wanted to go to the seashore for our vacation,we had better make r in advance.
28、 答案 reservations 7.If you do not receive any c ,please contact us. 答案 confirmation .翻译句子 1.这个活动不仅可以丰富我们的校园生活,还能促进我们对中国传 统文化的了解。 答案 The activity can not only enrich our school life but also promote our understanding of traditional Chinese culture. 2.为什么不经常锻炼,多吃水果和蔬菜呢? 答案 Why not take exercise regularly and eat more fruit and vegetables? 3.下周五要举行的比赛被推迟了。 答案 The competition to be held next Friday has been put off. 4.已经证实这对夫妻偷了邻居的贵重的包。 答案 It has been confirmed that the couple stole their neighbours valuable bag. 5.定期锻炼身体对你是有帮助的。 答案 Taking exercise regularly is of assistance to you.
