1、课时分层作业(四) .单词拼写 1We all know how important security(安全) is to your environment. 2As babies，we rely(依赖) entirely on others for food. 3Many divorced fathers only have access to their children at weekends. 4Heat the sauce，stirring constantly 5We first build up a detailed profile(概况) of our customers an
2、d their requirements. 6I had other matters to occupy me，during the day at least. 7The plan is designed to motivate(激励) employees to work more efficiently. 8Do you think shell notice if I switch(转换) my glass with hers? .阅读理解 A From a very early age，some children exhibit better selfcontrol than others
3、.Now，a new study that began with about 1，000 children in New Zealand has tracked how a childs low selfcontrol can predict poor health，money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years. Researchers have been studying this group of children for decades now.They observed the level of selfc
4、ontrol the youngsters displayed.Parents， teachers， even the kids themselves， scored the youngsters on measures like “acting before thinking” and “Persistence in reaching goals.”The study led by Moffitt of Duke University and colleagues followed 1，000 children from birth to age 32 in Dunedin，New Zeal
5、and. “The children who had the lowest selfcontrol when they were age three to ten， later on had the most health problems in their 30s， ”Moffitt said， “and they had the worst financial situation.They were more likely to have a criminal record and to be raising a child as a single parent on a very low
6、 income.”Moffitt explained that self control problems were widely observed，and werent just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids. Moffitt said its still unclear why some children have better selfcontrol than others，though she said other researchers have found that its mostly a learned behav
7、ior， with relatively little genetic influence.But good self- control can be set to run in families because children with good self- control are more likely to grow up to be healthy and prosperous parents.But the good news，Moffitt said，is that selfcontrol can be taught by parents，and through school c
8、urricula that have been shown to be effective. 【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了自制力弱的孩子可能会健康状况不佳， 资金 困难，甚至在成年后会有犯罪倾向。而孩子较强的自我控制能力能够决定未来的 成功与健康。 此外， 良好的教养可以提高自我控制能力， 遗传因素对其影响较小。 1From the first two paragraphs we learn that_ Athe research has been carried out for five years Bselfcontrol in kids tends to determine their
9、future Cselfcontrol was assessed by childrens intelligence Dchildrens selfcontrol is almost the same at early age B 理解判断题。根据前两段的“a childs low self- control can predict poor health，money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years.”可知自制力 弱的孩子可能会健康状况不佳，资金困难，甚至在成年后会有犯罪倾向。由此可 知，自我控制强的孩子往往能决
10、定自己的未来。故选 B。 2Children with low self- control are more likely to _ Abecome wealthy in later life Bget good school performance Chave better financial planning Dadopt negative behaviors D 细节理解题。根据第一段“a childs low self- control can predict poor health，money troubles and even a criminal record in their
11、adult years.”可知自制力 弱的孩子可能会健康状况不佳，资金困难，甚至在成年后会有犯罪倾向。由此可 知，自制力弱的孩子更有可能养成消极的行为。故选 D。 3What can be inferred from the passage? ASelfcontrol cannot be taught in schools. BThe study is restricted within few participants. CIts never too late to deal with selfcontrol problems. DGood parenting can improve sel
12、fcontrol and life success. D 推断理解题。 根据最后一段“though she said other researchers have found that its mostly a learned behavior，with relatively little genetic influence.”可知自我 控制能力是一个学习行为，遗传因素对其影响较小。又“Moffitt said，is that self control can be taught by parents，and through school curricula that have been sh
13、own to be effective.”可知自我控制能力需要被父母教授。由此推知，良好的教养可以 提高自我控制能力，更有可能收获成功。故选 D。 4Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? AChilds Selfcontrol Predicts Future Health，success BKids are Encouraged to Take Risks at an Early Age CChildrens Development Cannot be Changed by Teachers DHow to
14、 Teach the Kids a Bit of Selfcontrol in schools. A 标题归纳题。 纵观全文， 文章主要讲述了自制力弱的孩子可能会健康状 况不佳，资金困难，甚至在成年后会有犯罪倾向。而孩子的自我控制能力能够决 定未来的成功与健康。故选 A。 B When we are young we are taught that its wrong to lie and we should always tell the truth.Unfortunately，most children lie even if theyre told not to.Research car
15、ried out at the Institute of Child Study at Toronto University has shown that this might not be such a bad thing.Apparently (显然地)，children who tell lies when theyre two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults (成年人) According to the research，at the age of two，20 per cent of childre
16、n lie.At the age of three，50 per cent lie，and at four almost 90 per cent lie.By the age of twelve almost every child tells lies. Lying needs much brain work，and the better the lie is，the more work the brain has to do.By training the brain early， researchers believe children will be able to think mor
17、e clearly when they are adults. Recent research， carried out by the Science Museum in London， has shown some interesting facts about the way we lie as adults.According to the research，the average British man tells three lies every day；thats over 1，000 lies a year.However，the average woman apparently
18、 only lies twice a day. Most people think women are better liars (说谎者) than men although in fact they tell fewer lies.Popular womens lies include Nothings wrong， Im fine，I dont know where it is，I havent touched it，and It wasnt that expensive. Some people say you can lie as long as its a white lie.A
19、white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someones feelings.One of the most common lies for both men and women is Its just what Ive always wanted，said after opening a present from their partner. 【语篇解读】 文章主要是有关谎言的调查研究。 5What will happen to young children who lie? AThey will possibly do wrong later. BT
20、heyre likely to succeed in the future. CThey will keep lying when they grow up. DThey may have a good chance of losing others trust. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“children who tell lies when theyre two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults (成年人)(两岁时说谎 的孩子很有可能成为成功的成年人)”可知，撒谎的小孩在以后很可能会取得成 功。故选
21、B。 6What do the numbers in Para.2 show about children? AOlder children tell bigger lies than younger ones. BAs they grow they often lie about their age. CThe older they are，the more likely they lie. DIts quite natural for them to tell lies. C 推理判断题。根据第二段的研究结果“According to the research，at the age of
22、two， 20 per cent of children lie.At the age of three， 50 per cent lie，and at four almost 90 per cent lie.By the age of twelve almost every child tells lies.(根据这项研 究，20%的儿童在两岁时撒谎。三岁时，50%的孩子撒谎，四岁时，90%的孩子 撒谎。到了 12 岁，几乎每个孩子都会说谎。)”可知，随着孩子年龄的增长，其 说谎的概率也在增长。故选 C。 7What did the research by the Science Museu
23、m find out? AMen lie more than women. BWomen are better liars than men. CWomens lies are usually not serious. DMen sometimes have to lie to women. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“According to the research，the average British man tells three lies every day；thats over 1，000 lies a year.However，the average woman appar
24、ently only lies twice a day.(调查显示，英国男性平均每天说谎 三次； 一年就有超过 1 000 个谎言。 然而， 女性平均每天只会说谎两次。 )”可知， 男性比女性说的谎多。故选 A。 8Whats the true feeling behind the underlined part in the last paragraph? AYou know me so well. BI dont like the present. CYou are good at picking presents. DI havent received a present I reall
25、y like. B 词义猜测题。划线部分是上文“A white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someones feelings.”说明善意的谎言是一种避免伤害某人感情的谎言；下文“said after opening a present from their partner”说明这句话是在收到来自伙伴的礼物后 说的话， 由此可知， 划线部分是一句善意的谎言， 其实说话者并不喜欢这件礼物。 故选 B。 .阅读七选五 When I received my admission decision for Middlebury，my mouth dropped
26、open in genuine (真的) shock. 1 Feeling unprepared，I was considering taking a gap year. However，in processing this，I could only think about the negative points of taking a break between high school and college.I would fall behind my peers.I would forget everything I learned in high school with seven m
27、onths of no learning. 2 Upon arriving at Middlebury for the admitted student days，I was amazed at the beauty of the town and the campus.While speaking with Midd kids (as students are called)，they all appeared happy and generally stressfree. 3 In August，a few Midd kids I had met and befriended during
28、 the admitted student days suggested going to Newburyport，MA for a week.For the first time，I went on a road trip with someone I had only known for a few months.Yet，this trip showed me the freedom of being an independent adult in a way I had not felt at home. 4 My gap semester was the best beginning
29、to adulthood because it helped me become mature in an unexpected and enriching manner， 5 To students reflecting on a gap year，be brave and do things that are outside your comfort zone.Talk to people: the world has so much to teach. AI didnt think I was a worthy enough candidate to get accepted. BIt
30、was my way of letting go and starting a new chapter of my life. CBut eventually I decided to apply to Middlebury for a few reasons. DI also opened my mind to the benefits of talking some time off from my studies. EI felt like a gap year would narrow down what I wanted to study and do in my life. FMy
31、 trips provided me with a sense of freedom and independence I did not experience during my teens. GOnce I restarted my academic studies，I would actually perform better than those who went straight from high school to college. 【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了作者的间隔年旅行如何让他成为一个自由独 立的成年人。 1A 根据上文中的“my mouth dropped open i
32、n genuine (真的) shock(我吃 惊地张大嘴巴)”可以看出，被 Middlebury 录取是意料之外的事情。因此可推测 出在众多申请者中他应该是很一般的。选项 A“I didnt think I was a worthy enough candidate to get accepted.(我认为我并不是一个足以值得被录取的申请 者)”和前文逻辑和语境都符合。故选 A 项。 2C 根据上文的“I would fall behind my peers.I would forget everything I learned in high school with seven month
33、s of no learning.(我会落后于他人， 我会因为 7 个月的间隔年把高中学的知识全忘掉。 )”可知， 因为知识的遗忘和担忧作者原 本不应该申请这所学院的，但他最后因为其他原因申请了。故选 C 项。 3D 联系上下文可知，作者在刚进校时因为自己的不足感到忧虑，但是 其他同学都很自信且无忧无虑，之后又提到他和一些新生成为了朋友， 说明中间 发生了一些积极的事情，所以我们用“I also opened my mind to the benefits of talking some time off from my studies.(学习之余我也会花一些时间敞开心扉和同 学交谈)”符合上
34、下文逻辑。故选 D 项。 4F 根据第四自然段最后一句“Yet，this trip showed me the freedom of being an independent adult in a way I had not felt at home.(然而， 这次旅行让我在某 种程度上感受到了作为一个独立成人的自由， 这是我以前从来没有感受到的)”， 可以推测出用 F 项“My trips provided me with a sense of freedom and independence I did not experience during my teens.(我的旅行给我提供了自由
35、和独 立的感受，这是我在青少年时期从来没有的经历)”作为过渡句，起承上启下的 作用。故选 F 项。 5B 前一句“My gap semester was the best beginning to adulthood because it helped me become mature in an unexpected and enriching manner，(我的间隔年是 我成年最好的开始，因为它用一种意想不到的，丰富的方式帮助我变得成熟)” 中谈到了成年时期的开始，和 B 选项中的“starting a new chapter of my life(开启 生命的新篇章)”意思相同，前后照应。故选 B 项。
