1、Section Using Language & Assessing Your Progress .核心词汇 1_ n. 发动机；马达 2_ n. 候选人；应试者 3_ n. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 4_ n. 孔子学说；儒家(学说) motor candidate episode Confucianism .拓展词汇 1_ adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 _ n粗糙；粗鲁 2_ n领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者 _ v导航 3_ adj.忠诚的；忠实的 _ n忠心；忠诚 _ adj.不忠诚的；不忠实的 4_ n承诺；保证；奉献 _ v承诺，保证；犯(罪或错等)；自杀 5
2、_ n. 动机；原因；目的 _ vt.激发；成为的动机 _ n原因；动 rough roughness navigator navigate loyal loyalty disloyal commitment commit motive motivate motivation .重点短语 1_ (使)高兴起来；(使)振作起来 2_ 生火 3_ 放出(热、光、气味或气体) 4_ 偿还；报答 cheer up make fire give off pay back .重点句型 1If it _ for sea animals, we would all starve.要不是这些海洋动物，我们都得挨
3、饿。 2It was almost _ dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes _ to become too cold from wearing too few.因穿太多衣服而变得太热和因穿太少而变得太 冷几乎是同样危险的。 werent as as 根据课文内容选择正确答案 1Whats the main idea of the passage? AThey felt hopeless when they were at Elephant Island. BThey lived a happy life when
4、they were at Elephant Island. CThey had enough food when they were at Elephant Island. DThey suffered a lot at Elephant Island but at last they were rescued. 2When Shackleton and his boat left the island, they were _. Aconfident and positive Bworried and desperate Csure of their future Dnot worried
5、about him 3Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? AThey couldnt find water, plants or sea animals. BThey couldnt find water, vegetables or fruit. CThey lived in very warm weather. DThey neednt worry about what they would eat. 4It was _ that helped them survive the terrib
6、le conditions. Afruit and vegetables Btheir chef and the delicious food Ctheir discipline, team spirit and their faith in Shackleton Dtheir friends and their family 第一版块第一版块|重点词汇诠释重点词汇诠释 1.cheer up “(使)变得更高兴，振奋起来”。可用作及物动 词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。 cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来，使某人高兴起来 cheer up (单独使用)高兴起来，振作起来 When Im
7、feeling sad, my mother often tells me funny stories to cheer me up. 当我感到难过时，我的母亲经常给我讲有趣的故事使我高 兴起来。 Cheer up! The news isnt too bad.打起精神来！这个消息 还不算太坏。 即学即练 单句语法填空 He was feeling a bit low, so I did my best to cheer him _. Jack has delivered a _ (cheer) speech which has made people change their minds.
8、The game is about to start. I will go to cheer our team _. up cheerful on 归纳拓展： (1)cheer v欢呼，喝彩；鼓舞 nC欢呼声，喝彩声 cheer sb. on(比赛中)为某人加油 Cheers！(用于祝酒)干杯！ (2)cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的；令人愉快的，振奋的 2.give off意为“放出(热、光、气味或气体)” give away 捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密) give back 归还 give up 放弃 give out 用完(不用于被动语态)；分发；宣布；公布(常用 于被动语态)
9、；发出(光、热、信号等) give in 屈服；让步；交上 The flowers gave off a fragrant perfume. 花朵散发出芳香。 Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they wont give off waste gas. 自行车不会排放废气，因此它们是环保的。 Well, if you dont want to read it, give it back. 好吧，如果你不想读它，就把它还回去吧。 The government gave out food to people who are out of w
10、ork. 政府向失业者分发了食品。 We invited a famous scientist to give away the prizes. 我们邀请了一位著名科学家来颁奖。 I pressed my parents until they finally gave in and registered me for skating classes. 我极力劝说我父母，直到他们最终让步，给我报了滑冰 课。 Please give your work in before Monday. 请在周一之前把作业交上来。 即学即练 单句语法填空 Body language can give _ a lo
11、t about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has given _？ The stove gives _ a lot of heat. We must go home now. Our money has given _. Finally I gave _ and accepted the job on their
12、terms. We gave _ two goals in the first half. away out off/out out in away 特别提示： 当表示“发出光和热时”give off和give out可以互换 3.bored adj.厌倦的，烦闷的 (1)be/get bored with sb./sth. 对某人/某事感到厌烦 be/get bored with doing sth. 厌倦做某事 (2)bore vt. 使厌烦 n. 令人厌烦的人/事 (3)boring adj. 令人厌烦的，没趣的(常用来修饰事物) (4)boredom n. 厌烦，厌倦，无聊 Littl
13、e Tom quickly got bored with playing toy cars. 小汤姆很快就对玩玩具汽车厌烦了。 I was bored with the work not equal to my ability. 我对于那些跟自己能力不相称的工作感到厌倦。 即学即练 单句语法填空 After a while, I began to get bored _ my job. And I decided to have a complete change. The lecture was deadly _ (bore) She made no attempt to hide her
14、_ (bore) “Lost time will never be found again！” I couldnt help talking to myself because I was fed up _ being lazy. Some people refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment, and they are tired _ those people who disagree with them. with boring boredom with of 联想拓展： “厌烦”的
15、其他表达法： be/get tired of be/get sick of be/get fed up with 4.vary vt.变更，改变 vi.相异，不同 (1) vary in 在方面不同 vary with 随而变动 vary from.to. 从到不等 (2)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的 (3)varied adj. 各种各样的；变化的 (4)variety n. 不同种类；多样化 a variety of/varieties of 多种多样的 Cherries vary in colour from almost black to yellow. 樱桃的颜色
16、由近乎黑到黄各不相同。 The demands on a kidney vary with age. (人体)对肾脏的要求随着年龄的不同而有所变化。 Opinions on this matter vary from person to person. 对于这件事，人们意见不一。 The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.这里地面的高度由海拔700米到2 000
17、米不等，是多种多 样稀有动植物的生长地。 即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译 Ocean colour varies _ green _ blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton (浮游植 物) Whether it is in the past, at present, or in the future, time would not vary _ the development of the world. from to with 他们已经找到了各种各样的方法来满足客人的需求。 They have found
18、 _ ways to meet the customers needs. They have found _ ways to meet the customers needs. They have found _ ways to meet the customers needs. various/varied varieties of a variety of 语境助记： America is regarded as a melting pot, where exist a variety of ethnic and cultural groups with various beliefs.
19、Sometimes peoples beliefs can vary with time.美国被称为一个熔炉，在那里存在着 多种多样的有着不同信仰的民族和文化群体。有时人们的信仰 会随时间而变化。 5.pay back偿还；报复；回馈 Were paying back the loan over 15 years.我们要在15年内 还清贷款。 That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy. 能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。 He paid me back by not coming.他采取不来的方式报复 我。 即学即
20、练 单句语法填空 They kept working hard, and their efforts paid _ finally. Im sorry to have forgotten to pay _ the money you lend me a month ago. off back 归纳拓展： pay off付清，还清(债务)(及物短语动词)；(计划等)取得成 功(不及物短语动词) Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.桑德拉决心成为一名医生，她的坚持不懈终于获得了成 功。 mitm
21、ent n. C，U许诺，承诺 nU献身，奉献， 投入 (1)make a commitment to. 对作出承诺 carry out ones commitment 履行某人的承诺 make a commitment to do sth. 保证/承诺做某事 (2)commit vt. 承诺；犯(罪或错等)；花(钱或时间) vi. 忠于(某个人、机构等)，全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commit sb./oneself to doing sth. be committed to doing sth. 承诺(做)某事 commit sth. to sth. 将投入 (3)committed
22、adj. 尽心尽力的，坚信的，坚定的 Our company has made a commitment to quality and customer service. 我们公司已经对质量和客服作出承诺。 He failed the mid- term exam, so he made a commitment to study hard later. 他期中考试不及格，所以他保证以后努力学习。 I was impressed by the energy and commitment shown by the players. 我对选手们表现出的活力和奉献精神印象深刻。 Both sides
23、 committed themselves to settling the dispute peacefully. 双方承诺和平解决争端。 即学即练 单句语法填空 The Canadian government is committed to _ (advance) the equality and the use of English and French. China remains firm in its _ (commit) to strengthening friendship and cooperation with other countries on the basis of
24、the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. The president made a commitment _ the nation that he would struggle for lower taxes and improve health care after taking office. advancing commitment to 语境助记： He loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it.他喜欢演奏这种乐器并坚持练习。 第二版块第二版块|重点
25、句型剖析重点句型剖析 1(教材P44)If it werent for sea animals, we would all starve.要不是这些海洋动物，我们都得挨饿。 本句是虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设。if从句的 谓语形式是were，其对应的主句的谓语形式是“would动词原 形”。 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法 从句谓语的形式 主句谓语的形式 与现在事 实相反 过去式(be动词一般用 were) would/could/should/might 动词原形 与过去事 实相反 had过去分词 would/could/should/might have过去分词 与将来事 实相反
26、A.过去式(be动词一般用 were) Bwere to动词原形 Cshould动词原形 would/could/should/might 动词原形 If I lived near my office, I would walk to work. 如果我住在办公室附近，我就会步行去上班。(与现在事实 相反) If I were you, I would plant some trees round the house. 如果我是你，我会在房子周围种些树。(与现在事实相反) If you had arrived a little earlier, you would have seen her.
27、 你如果早到一会儿就见到她了。(与过去事实相反) If he were to/should resign, who would take his place? 如果他要辞职，谁来接替他？(与将来事实相反) 即学即练 判断下列句子是与现在、过去还是与将来事 实相反的假设 If we hadnt made adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful._ If I knew her number, I could ring her up._ If I were to do the job, I would
28、 do it in a different way._ 与过去事实相反的假设 与现在事实相反的假设 与将来事实相反的假设 2(教材P44)It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few.因穿太多衣服而变得太热和因穿太少而变得太 冷几乎是同样危险的。 as.as.结构 (1)该结构意思是“与一样”，其中第一个as为副 词，后接形容词或副词的原级；第二个as引导从句时为连词， 接名词、代词时为介词。在否定句中，第
29、一个as也可换成so。 This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 He doesnt study as/so hard as his brother. 他学习不如他哥哥/弟弟努力。 (2)第一个as后接形容词时，该形容词还可修饰一个名词， 这个名词为单数时应带有不定冠词(注意词序)。若形容词指数 量，可用“as much不可数名词as”或“as many可数名词 复数as”。 I have as good a voice as you.我的嗓音和你的一样好。 He is as diligent a student as hi
30、s elder brother. 他是一个和他哥哥一样用功的学生。 (3)as.as.的常用表达 as.as possible尽可能 as.as usual/before像往常/之前一样 as long as.只要；(时间)和一样长 as far as.(距离)远至；尽，据 as well as像一样好；也，和 即学即练 完成句子 请尽快回答我的问题。 Please answer my question _. 只要他不丧失对自己的信心，我就不会失去对他的信 心。 _ he doesnt lose confidence in himself, I will not lose confidence
31、 in him. 昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火车站。 He walked _ the railway station yesterday evening. as soon as possible As long as as far as 不仅你而且你的父母也对我很友好。 Your parents _ you are friendly to me. 他没我们交的税款多。 He doesnt pay as _ tax as we do. 现在餐馆没有过去多了。 There are not _ there were. 就我所知，他并未正式向她道歉。 _， he didnt officially apol
32、ogise to her. as well as much as/so many restaurants as As far as I know .单词拼写(用本部分所学单词) 1I have a _ (动机) in offering to help you this time. 2As far as Im concerned, the old man is really a _ (忠诚的) member. 3The old womans hands were so _(粗糙的), for she had been working in the field. 4_ (候选人) who fail
33、 to meet these requirements will not be admitted to the university. 5All the students burst into laughter when David acted out the _ (片段) motive loyal rough Candidates episode .单句语法填空 1There was little time left, so he divided the books into three groups _ (rough) 2It was an episode _ an old man was
34、 knocked down by a running boy. 3Fireflies (萤火虫) give _ flashes of light when they fly at night. 4John is a reliable man. Im certain he will pay _ every cent he owes you. roughly where off back 5Think carefully before you answer questions online. You may give _ very important personal information. 6
35、If the students interest in the subject is motivated, they will face up to the challenge and commit more time and energy _ their studies. 7The company is making a long- term _ (commit) to breaking into the European market. away to commitment .课文语法填空 We watched as Shackleton and the boat 1._ (sail) a
36、way from Elephant Island. It was easy 2._ (imagine) the danger ahead of them. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us 3._. Staying alive was not easy. The Island had no water. We could only melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. There were no trees 4._ (grow) on
37、 Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat. We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill. Many of us also became ill from the smoke of the animal fat 5._ we burnt for our fires. sailed to imagine up growing that/which We l
38、ived like this in the cold for four months. Our discipline and team spirit kept us 6._ (optimism) and helped us deal with our fears in 7._ positive and successful way. When we 8._ (rescue), we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive. 9._ (final), he paid us back by his 10._ (commit) to save us from a slow but painful death. optimistic a were rescued Finally commitment
