1、The Object Clause 宾语从句 敦煌七里镇中学 李娟 1.什么是宾语从句？ 2.宾语从句的连接词 3.宾语从句的语序和时态 4.宾语从句与简单句的转换 教学目标 温故宾语从句 1He asked , “ Who can carry the box ? ” He asked （ can） carry the box .2 I hear ( that ) Jim _(go)to work an hour ago 3He said ( that ) he (have)supper already 4The teacher told us the earth_(go)around the
2、 sun 5.I _ （think）its going to rain .（变否定 句） 6.I dont know which one I should choose.简单句 ） I dont know which one_. who could had had dont think went to choose goes ? 宾语从句三要素： 连接词 Conjunctions 语序 Word order 时态 Tense 宾语从句点拨 宾语从句的三种类型 v1. 由that引导 v由陈述句变来的宾语从句，用连词 that 等引导，并 且在口语中常常省略此词 v2.由if 或whether引
3、导。 v当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，须用连词if 或者 whether引导，意思为“是否”，表示选择 v注意：whether 或 if 两词可以互用。但是 whether 可以和 or not 连用，而 if 不能。 v3.由连接代词who, what, which, whose和连 接副 词when, where, why, how等引导； v当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变来时，则用连接代词 who, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how等引导。它们均是充当一定成分 ，一般不可省略 注意情况之一 语序 ： 若由一般疑问句或特殊疑问句变为宾语从句
4、，应该 用陈述句语序。具体如下：当助动词是 does 或 did 时，要去掉助动词，并把动词恢复为第三人称单数 形式或过去式；当是其它的助动词时，则要把这些 助动词放在主语的后面。 I asked Tom , “ What do you like best ? ” I asked Tom what he liked best . The teacher asked me : “ Have you read the book ? ” The teacher asked me if I have read the book . 注意情况之二 时态的变化 1. 当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态可以
5、 根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。 I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . . I hear ( that ) he is interested in English . 2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应 的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一 致。 He said ( that ) he would go to Xian . He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday . He said (
6、that ) he was reading a book . . 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存 在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一 般现在时态。 He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher said that the sun rises in the east. The teacher told us light travels faster than sound. 注意情况之三 宾语从句的否定形式 ： 一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定 式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是
7、think, expect, believe, guess, imagine, suppose 等表示 “认为，猜想”的心里活动的词时，一般要把宾 语从句中的否定式转移到主句中，即否定转移。 I dont believe she will lend you the money . 连接代词who, whose, what, which和连接副词 when, where, why, how等引导的宾语从句可 以变为连接代词或连接副词加动词不定式的 形式。（复合句变简单句） Could you tell me how I can get to the station. Could you tell
8、 me how to go to the station. 注意情况之四 注意情况之五 宾语从句中的特殊情形 ： 在把简单句变为复合句的练习中，千万要注意 1) 句式的转变：若原句是祈使句，不能用宾语 从 句改写，而应该用 “ ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. ” 的句式。 Dont open the door . The teacher said to me. The teacher asked me not to open the door . 2) 代词的变化：如果将某人的原话变为宾语从 句 时，我们就应该考虑代词的变化。 Lucy says ,“ I come
9、 from Canada ”. Lucy says that she comes from Canada . 1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) 2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) 3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already. 5. He said that they _ members of the P
10、arty since 1948. (be) 6.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) 7.I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) 8.I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) will be goes were playing has returned had been travels are talking were 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked
11、. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way. Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting? He asked if they liked t
12、o make friends with them. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. 中考训练 1. Do you know how much hot water? AMum is needed B. does Mum need CMum needsD. did Mum need 2. Can you tell me ? A. where he is B. where is he C. he is whereD. what is he 3. I didnt know how to
13、London? A. would they goB. are they going C. they would goD. they are going 4. I want to know how long Ahas he been backBhas he come back Che has been backDhe has come back 5. Do you know? Awhat the news areBwhat is the news Cwhat the news is Dwhat are the news C A C C C C 6. _ is true that she may
14、fall behind the others. A. There B. This C. That D. It 7. The foreign friends think _ the Chinese people are very friendly. A. that B. if C. since D. because 8. Id like to know _ Chinese. A. when he began to learn B. when did he begin to learn C. when did he begin learning D. for how long he began to learn 9.The teacher asked us _ the classroom after school. A. cleaned B. clean C. to clean D. cleans 10. He told me _ football in streets. A. didnt play B. not play C. not to play D. dont play D A A C C 你掌握宾语从句了吗？小结：
