1、Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Part one Vocabulary 1. former adj. 以前的; (两者中)前者的 former president 前总统 former husband 前夫 the former the latter 前者后者 2. preserve vt. 保存;保护;维持 n. 保护区 preservefrom 保护免于 3. promote vt. 促进;提升;推销;晋级 promote sb. to 提升某人为 4. take part in 参与(某事) ; 参加(某活动) take part in = participate in
2、 play a part in 参与 5. give way to 让步;屈服 feel ones way 摸索着前进;小心从事 make ones way(to) (朝)前进 6. balance n. 平衡;均匀 vt. 使平衡 keep a balance between and 保持与之间的平衡 balance A with/and B 同等重视/兼顾和 7. lead to 导致 lead sb. to 引导某人去(地方) lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 8. proposal n. 提议;建议 agree to sbs proposal 同意某人的建议 9.
3、 likely adj. 可能的 adv. 可能地 be likely to do 可能做某事 10. turn to 向求助 11. limit n. 限度;限制 vt. 限制;限定 limit to 把限制在内(to 时介词) There is a limit to 有对的限制 12. loss n. 丧失;损失 at a loss 茫然;不知所措 loss of sight 失明 lose vt. 失去 be lost in 全神贯注;沉浸于 13. contribution n. 捐款;贡献;捐赠 contribute vt. 若是做主语和宾语,则用关系代词。 “介词“介词+关系代词”
4、引导的定语从句:关系代词”引导的定语从句: 关系代词做介词的宾语时, 为了使关系代词与先行词的关系词更加紧凑, 可以将从句中的介 词提前到关系代词之前,形成“介词+关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用 which 或 whom;介词可以依据从句中的谓语的搭配、与先行词的搭配或句子意义来确定。 Is this the car for which you paid a high price? 这是你画大价钱买的车吗?(根据从句中谓语动词 pay 的搭配来定) 注: (1)有些“动词+介词”短语,如 look for, look after, call on 等不可拆开而把介词置于关 系代词之前。
5、 (2)有时候“介词+关系代词”前还会有名词、代词等。 The river, the bank of which are covered with trees, flows to the seas. 定语从句需要注意的问题:定语从句需要注意的问题: 1. as 引导限制性定语从句时,常用于下列句式中: such+名词+as像一样的;the same+名词+as 和同样的。 2.当先行词是 time 时,若 time 表示“次数”,应用 that 引导定语从句,并且 that 可以省略; 若 time 表示“一段时间” 讲,应用 when 或“at/during + which”引导定语从句。
6、This is the second time(that)the president has visited the country. 这是这位总统第二次访问这个国家。 This is at a time when/during which there were no radios,no telephones or no TV sets. 这是在一个没有收音机,没有电话,也没有电视机的时代。 3.定语从句中的主谓一致 当关系代词在从句中做主语时,从句中谓语动词的数 原则上要与先行词保持一致,但要注意以下几点:先行词是 “one of+复数名词”结构时, 关系代词引导的定语从句中的谓语动词一般用
7、复数形式; 但如有 the very,the only,the first,the last,the right 等修饰 one 时,谓语动词用单数。 This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked. 这是被问过的最有意思的问题之一。 4. stage 表示“阶段”,occasion 表示“场合”,后接的定语从句既可接 when 也可接 where。 The baby has reached the stage when he can stand up. 婴儿到了能站立的阶段了。 Part three Sen
8、tence 1. There comes a time when the old must give way to the new. there 表示方位, 位于句首, 其后句子用倒装; when 引导限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词 a time。 there 引起的完全倒装句 (1)表示地点的副词 there,here 位于句首时,其后用完全倒装结构,即“There/Here+谓 语+主语” 。 这类倒装句的谓语通常是系动词be和come, go等表示移动的不及物动词或stand, lie,live,appear,seem,exist,main,follow,happen,arise 等表示状
9、态的动词。 There came the disturbing news.传来令人忧心的消息。 注:there,here 引起的完全倒装句,谓语动词是 come,go 时,常用一般现在时表示正在进 行的动作。 up,down,in,on,away,of 等表方位的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首以示强调时, 需用完全倒装句,即“谓语+主语” ;若主语是代词,则不用倒装。 Up went the price.价格上涨。 2. Not only had the counties found a path to the future that did not run over the relics
10、of the past, but they had also is learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 本句含有“not onlybut also”结构。not only 后的句子 had the countries found是部分倒 装句,but they had also learnt.是正常语序的句子。 (1)not only.but also意为“不仅而且” ,用作并列连词,相当于“not just.but also” 。当连接句子时,not on
11、ly 后的句子用部分倒装,but also 后的句子不用倒装。 Not only/just does he speak English correctly,but he also speaks it fluently. 他不仅能准确地说英语,而且说得很流利。 (2)该结构常用来连接并列成分,如:两个主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定 语、状语等,在意义上强调后者。 They not only broke into his office but also tore up his papers. 他们不仅闯进了他的办公室,而且撕碎了他的文件。 (3)该结构连接主语时,谓语动词的数遵循就近原则。 Not just the students but also their teacher likes playing football. 不仅学生,而且他们的老师也喜欢踢足球。