1、现在完成时现在完成时2 The Present Perfect Tense 复习复习 现在完成时基本构成：现在完成时基本构成： 肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+have/has+have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词+ +其他其他 否定句：主语否定句：主语+havent/hasnt+havent/hasnt+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词+ +其他其他 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Have/Has+Have/Has+主语主语+ +动词的过去分词动词的过去分词+ +其他其他? ? 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes, Yes, 主语主语+have/has. +have/has. 否定回答：否定回答：No,N
2、o,主语主语+havent/hasnt.+havent/hasnt. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ +一般疑问句？一般疑问句？ 造句练习造句练习 1.1.你看过这部电影吗？你看过这部电影吗？ 2.2.我已经读过这本书我已经读过这本书2 2遍了。遍了。 3.3.他们还没吃午饭。他们还没吃午饭。 4.Lisa4.Lisa已经完成了她的作业。已经完成了她的作业。 Have you watched this film? I have read this book twice. They havent had lunch. Lisa has finished her homework.
3、 短暂性动词与延续性动词 短暂性动词不能和for或since引导的时间状语连用，也不能用于how long 问句中。 (误) I have left for 5 years. (正) I have been away for 5 years. (误) The old man has died for 2 years. (正) The old man has been dead for 2years. 短暂性动词就是不能延续的动词，也称瞬间动词或终止性动词；可以延续 的动词就是延续性动词。 短暂性动词改为延续性动词： A. 动词改为“动词改为“be + 相应的副词”相应的副词” arrive a
4、t / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there 1)He got to Beijing five minutes ago. He has been in Beijing for five minutes. 2)I moved to the USA in 2008. I have been in the USA since 2008. 短暂性动词改为延续性动词 B. 动词改为动词改为 “be + 对应的形
5、容词”对应的形容词” close -be closed open - be open die - be dead finish, end -be over get up -be up leave - be away begin/start -be on go out -be out fall asleep -be asleep marry-be married go back to / return to-be back to 短暂性动词改为延续性动词 1)He left Shanghai just now. He has been away from Shanghai for five mi
6、nutes. 2)My grandpa died in 2002. My grandpa has been dead for 16 years. 3)The shop closed two hours ago. The shop has been closed fortwo hours. 短暂性动词改为延续性动词 C.其它改法其它改法 become - be buy - have borrow -keep catch a cold -have a cold make friends - be friends join the army - be in the army (be a soldie
7、r ) join the Party-be in the Party (be a Party member) I bought a pen last week I have had a pen for a week. have/has gone to 1.have/has gone to表示“已经去某地了”表示“已经去某地了” (可能已在去.的路上，或已到.，总之现在不在这 里)，不能与for+一段时间连用 Where is your sister, I havent seen her for two days. She has gone to Shanghai. She will be ba
8、ck next week. Our English teacher has gone to America. 2.have/has been to表示“曾经去过某地”，表示“曾经去过某地”， （人已经不在那个地方了）不能与for+一段时间连用,可以与ever， never，以及次数连用。 She has been to Shanghai three times. How many times has she been to Shanghai? Have you ever been to England? Yes, I have. No, I have never been to England
9、 before. have/has been to have/has been in 3.have/has been in/at表示“在某地待了多久”，表示“在某地待了多久”， 常与时间段搭配 -When did you move to NewYork? -Ten years ago. -You have been in NewYork for ten years. She has been in the countryside since she was born. 比较一般现在时一般现在时和现在完成时现在完成时的异同 共同点共同点：动作都是在过去完成。 I saw the film yes
10、terday evening.（一般过去时） I have seen the film before.（现在完成时） （看电影这件事都是在过去完成的。） 比较一般现在时一般现在时和现在完成时现在完成时的异同 区别 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现 在没有联系，只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。 一般过去时通常与具体明确的过去时间状语连用。如yesterday, last week , two years ago，just now，in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever , never 等模糊的过去时间状语和 these
11、days ,this week ,since., for. 等表示一段 时间的状语连用。 活学活用 一、根据所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.This story is very interesting. I (read) it twice today. 2.My teacher (go) to Italy. She (leave) yesterday evening. 3.The Whites (move) to this city three years ago and (live) here since then. 4.Tom (chat) with his friends online f
12、or an hour. 5.Great changes (take) place so far. 活学活用 一、根据所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.This story is very interesting. I have read (read) it twice today. 2.My teacher has gone (go) to Italy. She left (leave) yesterday evening. 3.The Whites moved (move) to this city three years ago and have lived (live) here since
13、 then. 4.Tom has chatted (chat) with his friends online for an hour. 5.Great changes have taken (take) place so far. 活学活用 二、单项选择。 1.His father_the party since 1978 A.joind B.has joined C.was in D.has been in 2.-Jenny, your new tape player looks great. -Oh, its not new. I _ it for three years. A.buy
14、B.have had C.bought D.have bought 3.Where is Mr. Green? - He the bookshop. You have to wait for him. A. was going to B. has gone to C. has been to D.has been in 活学活用 二、单项选择。 1.His father_the party since 1978 A.joind B.has joined C.was in D.has been in 2.-Jenny, your new tape player looks great. -Oh,
15、 its not new. I _ it for three years. A.buy B.have had C.bought D.have bought 3.Where is Mr. Green? - He the bookshop. You have to wait for him. A. was going to B. has gone to C. has been to D.has been in 活学活用 三、翻译下列句子 1.我爸爸离开家已经有几天了，他去大连出差了。 . 2.汤姆是半小时以前开始写作文的，现在还没有写完呢。 . 3.我们买这本书三年了. . 4.电影开始了一小时了
16、。 . 活学活用 三、翻译下列句子 1.我爸爸离开家已经有几天了，他去北京出差了。 My father has been away from his home for several days. He has gone to Beijing on business. 2.汤姆是半小时以前开始写作文的，现在还没有写完呢。 Tom began to write his composition half an hour ago and he hasnt finished it yet. 3.我们买这本书三年了. We have had the book for three years. 4.电影开始了一小时了。 The film has been on for an hour. Thank you!Thank you!
