1、非谓语动词非谓语动词 期末复习期末复习 概概 述述 01 非谓语动词 英语中，动词具有两种形式：谓语形式和非谓语形式 1. 动词的谓语形式必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，受主语的限定， 因此又被称为动词的限定形式。 2. 非谓语形式不受主语的限制，因此又被称为动词的非限定形式。 3. 确切地讲，非谓语动词实际上指动词的非谓语形式。 4. 非谓语动词没有时态、数、人称的变化 5. 动词的非谓语形式： （1）不定式：由to+动词原形构成，to为不定式符号，并无实际意义。 （2）动名词：由动词+ing构成。 不定式不定式 02 不定式不定式 不定式： to do do 否定形式： not to do
2、 not do 不定式做主语 To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 用形式主语it代替不定式作主语 It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. It is adj+(for sb) to do. want, hope, wish, like, begin, try, need, forget, agree, know, promise, teach, refuse, help, arrange, dare, decide, determine, fail, manage, off
3、er, prepare, continue, ask, mean, choose, expect等之后跟不定式。 例如：例如： （1）I want to improve my English grade. （2）用it做形式宾语，如： Mark found it important to study the situation in Russia. 不定式做宾语 want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, in
4、vite等词后做 宾补。 例如： I invited her sisters to attend my party. 不定式做宾语补足语 否定形式 宾语、宾补的不定式否定一般会前置。 I want not to improve my English grade. I dont want to improve my English grade. I invited her sisters not to attend my party. I didnt invite her sisters to attend my party. He is the first to get here. 不定式做定
5、语 1、目的状语、目的状语 He worked day and night to get the money. To get the money, he worked day and night. 2、原因状语、原因状语（一般放在adj.之后） Im glad to see you. 3、结果状语、结果状语 (一般和only连用) I visited him only to find him out. 不定式做状语 不带to的不定式 1、不带to的不定式一般是跟在使役动词 make, let, have . 之后。例如： It makes me cry. 2、放在感官动词 see, watch
6、, look at, observe, notice, hear, listen to, feel之后的动词原形，就是不带to的不定式，强调 动作发生的事实。例如： He saw the thief steal a ladys cell phone. 动名词动名词 03 动名词 动名词 doing 否定式 not doing 动名词作主语 Reading aloud is very helpful. 用it做形式主语 It is no good/use doing It is a waste of time doing have trouble/a good time doing 例如： It
7、s a waste of time talking to him. enjoy, finish, suggest, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit, deny, mind, permit, be busy, be worth, feel like, cant stand, cant help之后跟动名词。 例如： They havent finished building the dam. We enjoy playing outside. 动名词作宾语 介词之后的doing by, of, after, before, for, to等介词之后需跟动
8、名词。 例如： Thanks for helping me. I improved my English by reading a lot. 介词to 带介词to的短语： look forward to, pay attention to, admit to doing be used to, stick to doing. 例如： Im looking forward to receiving your letter. 易错点易错点 04 有些动词后跟既可以跟to do，也可以跟doing，意义没 有太大的区别。如： to do to do like continue doing doing
9、 remember forget to do 记住要做某事记住要做某事 doing 记记得得做过某事做过某事 to do 忘记忘记要做某事要做某事 doing 忘记忘记做过某事做过某事 Remember to bring the umbrella! （记得要去带， 还未带） I dont remember talking to him. （记得跟他说过话 ） I forgot to give you the book. （忘记带书了， 还未带） I forget giving you the book. （忘记带过书，已经带了） stop try to do 停下来开始做某事停下来开始做某事
10、doing 停止做某事停止做某事 to do 设法设法做某事做某事 doing 尝试尝试做某事做某事 We need to stop to finish our homework. （停下来手上的事情，再去完成作业） We need to stop playing games now. （停止玩游戏） The government tries to rebuild our city. （需要付出一定的努力） I tried calling you. （尝试，并不一定要付出特别大的努力） 练练 习习 05 1. Mr. Wang, I have trouble_ the text. Rememb
11、er_ it three times before you begin to understand it. A. to understand; reading B. understanding; reading C. understanding; to read D. to understand; to read 2. Would you mind_ me a favor? A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 3. No matter how hard it is, well keep_ until we make it. A. failed B. failing C. tried D. trying C C D 一、单项选择 二、用动词适当形式填空 Did you see him _ (go) upstairs? It is difficult for the boy _ (swim) across the river. Its bad manners _ (shout) in public. go to swim to shout THANK YOU
