人教版八年级下册《英语》全册基础知识：词性转换及重要短语句子归纳（10份打包）.zip

Unit 1 Whats the matter? 单元词形变换单元词形变换 1. break(名词)间歇;休息 break(动词)打破 broken(形容词)破损的;残缺的 2.herself(反身代词)她自已her(形容词性物主代词)她的 her(人称代词宾格)她 3.ourselves(反身代词)我们自己 our(形容词性物主代词)我们的 4.climber(名词)登山者;攀登者climb(动词)爬 5.mean(动词)意思是:打算 meaning 名词)意思 6.importance(名词)重要性;重要一 important(形容词)重要 的 7.decision(名词)决定;抉择? decide(动词)决定 8.death(名词)死;死亡一 die(动词)死亡 dead(形容词)死的 9.lie(动词)躺;平躺lay(过去式)lying(现在分词) 10.hurt(动词)(使)疼痛;受伤hurt(过去式) 11.hit(动词)击;打hit(过去式)一 hitting(现在分词) 12. foot(名词)脚feet(复数) 单元短语沙龙单元短语沙龙 1.have a cold 感冒 2.have a stomachache 胃痛 3.lie down 躺下 4.take ones temperature 量体温 5.have a fever 发烧 6.take breaks( take a break- have a break)休息 7.get off 下车 8.to ones surprise 使.惊讶的;出.意料 9.right away 立即;马上 10.get into 陷人;参与 11.be used to 习惯. ;适应. 12. take risks(take a risk)冒险 13.run out (of)用尽;耗尽 14.cut off 切除 cut up= cut sth. into pieces 切碎 cut down 削减;砍倒 cut in 插嘴;插入 cut sth. into halves cut sth. in half 把.切成两半 15. get out of 离开.出来 16. be in control of 掌管;管理 l7.give up 放弃 单元句型沙龙单元句型沙龙 1.She talked too much yesterday and didnt drink enough water. 她昨天说话太多,又没喝足够的水。 2.He should see a dentist and get an x- ray. 他应该看牙医并拍张 X 光片。 3.1 think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。 4.He got off and asked the woman what happened. 他下车问那位妇女发生了什么事。 5.He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. 他希望大多数乘客或所有的乘客都下车等下一辆公共汽车。 6.Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time. 多亏了王先生生和乘客们，医生们才及时挽救了那个人的生命。 7.Its sad that many people dont want to help others because they dont want any trouble. 可悲的是很多人因为怕惹麻烦而不愿意帮助别人。 8.As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯了冒险。 9.There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 有好多次,阿伦差点因为意外丟掉性命。 10. He was not ready to die that day. 他不想那天死去。 11.Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 然后，他用左手臂给自己用绷带包扎,以便他不会失血太多。 12.In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of ones life. 在这本书中阿伦讲述了做出正确选择的重要性,以及掌握自己生命的重要性。 13. Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today. 阿伦在那次事故过后并没有放弃,现在仍然坚持爬山。Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years. 单元词形变换单元词形变换 1.memory(名词)记忆;回忆memorize(动词)记忆;记住 2.maker(名词)生产者;制订者make(动词)制造 3.clear(动词)清理;清除clear(形容词)清楚的;清晰的clearly(副词)清楚地;清晰地 4.own(动词)拥有;有owner(名词)主人 5.certain(形容词)某种;某事;某人certainly(副词)无疑;肯定;当然;行 6.truthful(形容词)诚实的;真实的true(形容词)真的;符合事实的truth(名词)事实;实情 truly(副词)真正;确实 7.especially(副词)尤其;特别;格外especial(形容词)格外的;特殊的 8.scarf(名词)围巾;披巾scarves/scarfs(复数) 单元短语沙龙单元短语沙龙 1.according to 依据;按照 2.close to 几乎;接近 3.millions of 上百万的 4.search for 寻找 5.the mid-20th century20 世纪中期 6.yard sale 庭院拍卖会 7.bread maker 面包机 8.soft toy 软体玩具;棉绒玩具 9.check out 察看;观察 10.board game 棋类游戏 11.junior high school 初级中学 12.clear out 清理;丢掉 13.no longer 不再;不复 14.part with 放弃;交出(尤指不舍得的东西) 15.as for 至于;关于 16.to be honest 说实在的 17.sweet memories 甜蜜的回忆 18.not.anymore= no.any longer 不再 单元句型沙龙单元句型沙龙 1.你拥有那边那辆自行车多长时间了? How long have you had that bike over there? 2.我拥有这本杂志已经几个月了。 Ive had this magazine for a couple of months. 3.里面的故事或许有点老,但它们仍然很有趣。 The stories inside may be a bit old, but theyre still interesting. 4.我们已经从卧室里清理出许多东西。 We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms. 5.我女儿更通情达理,尽管要失去某些玩具也让她感到难过。 My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. 6.他们要用卖东西筹集来的钱做什么? What do they want to do with the money from the sale? 7.如今,数百万的中国人离开农村到城市去寻找工作。 Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. 8.钟伟，一位 46 岁的丈夫和父亲，就是这其中的一位。 Among these is Zhong Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father, 9.过去我至少一年回一次家,但是现在我差不多三年没有回去了。 I used to return home at least once a year, but I havent been back for almost three years now. 10.许多像钟伟那样的人以极大的兴趣关注着他们家乡发生了什么变化。 Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. 11.自 20 世纪中期开始，在那所我曾经上过的旧小学里,孩子们就已开始学习认字和数数。 Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century. 12.它仍在那里,并且已经成为那个地方的一个标志。 It is still there and has become quite a symbol of the place. 13.我们的家乡在我们心中留下了很多温柔甜蜜的回忆。 Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts.Unit2 Ill help to clean up the city parks. 单元词形变换单元词形变换 1.feeling(名词)感觉;感触feel(动词)感觉 2.owner(名词)物主;主人own(形容词)自己的 3.train(动词)训练;培训training(名词)训练;培训 4.excited(形容词)激动的;兴奋的excite(动词)使兴奋 5.kindness(名词)仁慈;善良kind(形容词)友好的 6.interest(名词)兴趣interesting(形容词)有趣的interested(形容词)感兴趣的 7.satisfaction(名词)满足;满意satisfied(形容词)满足的 8.strong(形容词)强烈的;强壮的strongly(副词)强烈地 9.difficult(形容词)困难的difficulty(名词)困难 10.understand(动词)理解;领会understood(过去式) 单元短语沙龙单元短语沙龙 1.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 2.cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来 3.give out 分布;散发 give up 放弃 give away 赠送;分发;泄露 give back 归还 give in 投降;屈服;让步 give off 发出(蒸汽、光等) give way to 让路;让步 e up with 想出;提出(主意、计划回答等) 5.put off 推迟 6.hand out 分发 7.call up 打电话给(某人);征召 8.used to 曾经.;过去. 9.care for 照顾;非常喜欢 10.try out 参加.选拨;试用 11.fix up 修理;装饰 12.give away 赠送;捐赠 13.take after(外貌或行为)像 14.set up 建起:设立 eat up 吃光 grow up 长大 drink up 喝光 use up 用光 end up 结束 cut up 切碎 take up 占据 hurry up 赶快 put up 举起;张贴 pick up 捡起 look up 抬头 wake up 醒来 get up 起床 15.make a difference 影响;有作用 单元句型沙龙单元句型沙龙 1. Oh, what did they ask you to help out with? 哦，他们让你帮忙做了什么? 2. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们给我讲过去的故事以及事情曾经的样子。 3. We should listen to them and care for them. 我们应该倾听他们，照顾他们。 4. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥.格林和玛丽.布朗每周腾出几个小时的时间来帮助别人。 5. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year. 一些人甚至几个月到一年不工作. 6. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 你的帮助使我拥有 Lucky 成为可能。 7. Lucky makes a big difference to my life. Lucky 使我的生活产生了很大的变化。 8. What would it be like to be blind or deaf? 看不见或听不见将会是什么样子? 9. Or imagine you cant walk or use your hands easily. 或者想象你不能走路或不能灵活地使用双手。 10. Most people would never think about this, but many people have these difficulties. 大多数人永远不会想这些,但是很多人有这些困难。 11. I love animals and I was excited about the idea of having a dog. 我喜欢动物而且我对拥有一条狗这个想法感到兴奋。Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 单元词形变换单元词形变换 1.develop(动词)发展;壮大development(名词)发展;发育;成长developing(形容词)发展中的 developed(形容词)发达的 2.fair(形容词)合理的;公正的unfair(反义词)不合理的;不公正的fairness(名词)公正性;合理性 3.ill(形容词)有病;不舒服illness(名词)疾病;病 4.neighbor(名词)邻居neighborhood(名词)街区;街坊 5.throw(动词)扔;掷threw(过去式) 6.lend(动词)借给;借出lent(过去式) 7.sweep(动词)扫;打扫swept(过去式) 单元短语沙龙单元短语沙龙 1.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 2.all the time 频繁;反复 3.as soon as 一.就.;尽快 4.do the dishes 洗盘子 5.fold the clothes 叠衣服 6.sweep the floor 扫地 7.any minute now 马上;随时 8.take the dog for a walk 遛狗 9.in surprise 吃惊地 10.in order to 目的是;为了 11.depend on 依靠;信赖 12.take care of 照顾 take up 开始从事:着手处理 take after (外貌或行为)像 take apart 拆卸:拆开 take in 欺骗;吸收 take down 写下:记下 take over 接收:接管 take it easy 别紧张 take off 起飞;匆匆离开:脱下 13.a waste of 浪费 14.get into 进入(学校等) 15.provide.for.为.提供. 16.as a result 结果 单元句型沙龙单元句型沙龙 1.Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗? 2.I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我认为两个小时的电视节目对你来说足够了! 3.For one week, she did not do any housework and and neither did I. 一周的时间，她没做任何家务,我也没做。 4.The next day, my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. 第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。 5.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗? 6.I cut my finger and Im trying not to get it wet. 我的手指割伤了,我尽量让伤口不被弄湿。 7.Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。 8. They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. 为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。 9. Also, when they get older, they will have to do housework so there is no need for them to do it now. 并且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在就去做。 10.It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。 11.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 而且无论如何,我认为做家务并不那么难。 12.Doing chores helps to develop childrens independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性，还可以教他们如何照顾自己。 13.As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 结果，他常常生病，成绩倒退了不少。 14.The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents? 单元词形变换单元词形变换 municate(动词)交流;沟通communication(名词)交流;沟通 2.cloud(名词)云;云朵cloudy(形容词)多云的 3.elder(形容词)年纪较长的old(形容词)老的;旧的 4.secondly(副词)第二;其次second(序数词)第二 5.clear(形容词)清楚易懂的;晴朗的clearly(副词)清楚地;清晰地;明白地 pete(动词)竞争;对抗competition(名词)比赛;竞赛;竞争 7.quick(形容词)快的;迅速的quickly(副词)迅速地 8.usual(形容词)通常的;寻常的usually(副词)通常 9.proper(形容词)正确的;恰当的properly(副词)恰当地 10.develop(动词)发展:发育development(名词)发展:发育 11.usual(形容词)通常的;寻常的unusual(反义词)不同寻常的 单元短语沙龙单元短语沙龙 1.look through 快速地看;浏览 look after 照顾;照料 look like 看上去像 look ahead 向前看;着眼未来 look out 当心;小心;留神 look forward to 盼望;期待 look up 查寻;查阅;抬头看 look down upon/on 看不起;轻视 2.big deal 重要的事 3.work out 成功地发展;解决 4.get on with .与.和睦相处;关系良好 municate with 与.交流 6.get into a fight with sb.和某人打架 7.hang over 挂在.之上 8.be angry with 生.的气 9.cut out 删除;删去 pare.with 比较;对比 11.in ones opinion 依.看 pete with sb.与某人竞争 单元句型沙龙单元句型沙龙 1.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。 I studied until midnight last night so I didnt get enough sleep. 2.你为什么不忘掉它呢？ Why dont you forget about it? 3.他应该跟朋友谈谈，以便他能说声对不起。 He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry. 4.当他们吵架的时候，我们的家就像被大片的乌云笼罩着一样。 When they argue, its like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. 5.他反而想看什么就看什么直到深夜。 Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 6.有这些感觉很正常。 Its normal to have these feelings. 7.我不知道我是否应该就这事对他们说点什么。 I dont know if I should say anything to them about this. 8.我父母给我许多学习上的压力。 My parents give me a lot of pressure about school. 9,但是这些疲惫的孩子直到晚上七点以后才到家。 However, the tired children dont get home until after 7:00 p.m. 10.他们很快地吃完晚饭,然后就是做家庭作业的时间了。 They have a quick dinner, and then its time for homework. 11.我认为那是不公平的。 I dont think thats fair. 12.人们不应该给他们的孩子如此多的压力。 People shouldnt push their kids so hard. 13.医生说太多的压力对孩子的成长是没有好处的。 Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a childs development.Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 单元词形变换单元词形变换 1.begin(动词)开始began(过去式)beginning(名词)开头;开端 2.heavily(副词)在很大程度上;大量地heavy(形容词)重的 3.suddenly(副词)突然;忽然sudden(形容词)突然的 4.strange(形容词)奇怪的stranger(名词)陌生人 5.storm(名词)暴风雨stormy(形容词)有暴风雨/雪的 6.wind(名词)风windy(形容词)有风的 7.report(动词/名词)报道;公布reporter(名词)记者 8.wood(名词)木;木头wooden(形容词)木制的 9.asleep(形容词)睡着sleep(动词)睡觉sleepy(形容词)困倦的 10.fallen(形容词)倒下的;落下的fall(动词)倒塌;跌倒;掉落 11.icy(形容词)覆盖着冰的:冰冷的ic(名词)冰 pletely(副词)彻底地;完全地complete(形容词)彻底的;完全的complete(动词)完成 13.silence(名词)沉默;缄默;无声silent(形容词)沉默的;无声的 14.recently(副词)不久前;最近recent(形容词)近来的;最近的 15.truth(名词)实情;事实true(形容词)真的truly(副词)真正;确实 16.beat(动词)敲打;打败beat(过去式) 17.rise(动词)升起;增加rose(过去式) 单元短语沙龙单元短语沙龙 1.go off(闹钟)发出响声 2.pick up(= pick up the phone)接电话 3.fall asleep 进人梦乡;睡着 4.die down 逐渐变弱:逐渐消失 5.have a look 看一看 take a walk=have a walk 散步 have a drink=take a drink 喝饮料(酒) have a test =take a test 进行测验(考试) have a look at=take a look at 看一看 have a bath= take a bath 洗澡 have a break=take a break 休息一下 6.make ones way 前往;费劲地前进 7.in silence 沉默;无声 8.take down 拆除;往下拽;记录 9.at first 首先;最初 单元句型沙龙单元句型沙龙 1.外面一丝光都没有，如同午夜一般。 With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 2.本的爸爸正把木块钉到窗户上，妈妈正调试手电筒和收音机，以确保它们能正常使用。 Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. 3.当雨开始重重地敲打在窗户上时,本正帮妈妈做着晚餐。 Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 4.当他醒来时,太阳正在升起。 When he woke up, the sun was rising. 5.尽管暴风雨破坏了很多东西，但它却使家人和邻居之间团结得更紧密。 Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. 6.你在开玩笑吧! Youre kidding! 7.凯特等别人步行经过。 Kate waited for someone to walk by. 8.在美国历史上,这是一个重要的事件。 This was an important event in American history. 9.她记得她正在两幢塔附近的办公室里工作。 She remembers working in her office near the two towers. 10.我是如此害怕以至于我几乎在那之后都不能清楚地去思考。 I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains. 单元词形变换单元词形变换 1.shoot(动词)射击;发射shot(过去式/过去分词) 2.magic(形容词)有成力的;有神奇力量的magician(名词)魔术师 3.excite(动词)使激动;使兴奋exciting(形容词)(常用于描述事物)令人兴奋的;令人激动的excited(形容 词)(常用于描述人)激动的;兴奋的 4.Western(形容词)西方的;西部的West 名词)西方;西部 5.marry(动词)结婚married(形容词)结婚的;已婚的 6.gold(名词/形容词)金子;金币/金色的golden(形容词)金的;金质的 7.wife(名词)妻子;太太wives(复数) 8.shine(动词)发光;照耀shone(过去式)shiny(形容词)光亮的;有光泽的 9.lead(动词)带路；领路led(过去式)leader(名词)领导 10.brave(形容词)勇敢的；无畏的bravely(副词)勇敢地 11.hide(动词)隐藏；隐蔽hid(过去式) 12.fit(动词)适合;合身fitted(过去式)fitting(现在分词） 单元短语沙龙单元短语沙龙 1.a little bit 有点儿;稍微 2.instead of 代替;反而 3.turn.into 变成 turn off 关掉;关闭 turn up 出现;开大 turn out 生产;结果是 turn on 打开;发动 turn down 拒绝;关小 turn round 转身;转向 4.once upon a time 从前 5.fall in love 爱上;喜欢上 6.get married 结婚 7.neither of 两者都不 8.for the first time 第一次 9.make a plan to do sth.计划做某事 10.in the moonlight 在月光下 11.on the ground 在地上 12.be made of 由.制造 单元句型沙龙单元句型沙龙 1.这个人一谈论完，愚公就说他死后他的家人会继续移山。 As soon as the man finished talking. Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died. 2.最终，一个神仙被愚公感动了，他派了两个神仙将大山搬走了。 Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away. 3.这个故事提醒我们，你永远不能知道什么是可能的， The story reminds us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen. 4.看起来要移山不太可能。 It doesnt seem very possible to move a mountain. 5.一个故事有许多角度，也有许多方法去理解。 There are many sides to a story and many ways to understand it. 6.这是因为他能将他的形状大小进行 72 变,把自己变成不同种类的动物或物体。 This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself to different animals and objects. 7.在 30 年多年以前，当这部电视节目一出版时，西方的小孩就对阅读这个故事产生了兴趣， 因为聪明的齐天大圣一直都在努力去帮助弱小的人，而且从不放弃。 And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in reading this story because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up. 8.你们在森林里睡了这么长时间！ What a long time you slept in the forest! 9.到了森林才可以吃。 Dont eat it until you get to the forest. 10.我在沿路撒白色的小石子。 Im dropping white stones along the way. 11.你们一醒来就必须和你们的父亲一起去森林里。 As soon as you wake up, you must go to the forest with your father.Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world? 单元词形变换单元词形变换 1.Asia(名词)亚洲Asian(形容词/名词)亚洲的;亚洲人 2.tour(名词/动词)旅行;旅游tourist(名词)旅行者;观光者 3.protect(动词)保护防护protection(名词)保护;保卫 4.wide(形容词)宽的;宽阔的widely(副词)广泛地;普遍地 5.achievement(名词)成就;成绩achieve(动词)达到;完成;成功 6.succeed(动词)实现目标;成功success(名词)成功 7.nature(名词)自然界;大自然natural(形容词)自然的 8. weigh(动词)重量.;称.的重量weight(名词)重量;分量 9.birth(名词)出生;诞生birthday(名词)生日 10.keeper(名词)饲养员;保管人keep(动词)保管 11.awake(形容词)醒着的wake(动词)醒;唤醒 12.excitement(名词)激动:兴奋excite(动词)使兴奋;使激动 13.illness(名词)疾病;病ill(形容词)有病的 单元短语沙龙单元短语沙龙 1.feel free(可以)随便(做某事) 2.as far as I know 就我所知 as a result 结果:终于:因此 not so as 不如. as long as 只要 such as 例如 as soon as 一.就 as well 也 as usual 像往常一样 the same as 与.相同 as.as possible 尽可能地. as for (或 as to) 至于;讲到;关于 as a matter of fact 事实上;其实 3.take in 吸人;吞人(体内) 4.in the face of 面对(问题困难等) 5.even though(=even if)即使;虽然 6.the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 7.a