(2019新教材)人教版新课标 高一英语 Book 3 unit 4： discovering useful structure (共16 张PPT含音频).zip

动词不定式的用法 不定式在句子中可做主语,宾语,定语,状语,宾语补足语,表语. 主动形式被动形式 一般式TodoTobedone 完成式TohavedoneTohavebeendone 进行式Tobedoing 完成进行式Tohavebeendoing 不定式的构成形式 不定式做主语 （一般表示具体的某次动作，动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为） TowatchTVPlaythosedaysismyhobby./WachingTVisalwaysmyhobby. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，将不定式放到谓语的后面。 Itisimportantforyoungpeopletomasteratleasttwoforeignlanguages. 常用于下列结构中： 1.Itis形容词(glad,important,necessary)(for/ofsb.)不定式 ItisimportantforusyoungpeopletolearnEnglishandmasterit. ItsniceofhimtohelpmewithmyEnglish. 2.Itis名词 (apleasure,apity,onesduty,anhonor)不定式 Itisapitytohavetogowithouther./Itisagloriousdeathtodieforthepeople. 3.Ittakes(sb.)sometime(hours,months,days.)不定式 IttakesmethreehourstolearnEnglisheachday. 不定式作宾语 （不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语） 用于 afford,agree,ask,attempt,tend,want，hesitate,hate,intend,learn,fail,hope, demand,decide,desire,determine,expect,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,manage ,mean,refuse,resolve,seek,等表示心理活动的词后。 Iwanttogooutforwalksinthewarmsunshineinspring. Shefailedtofinishtheassignmentintime,andshewasworriedaboutit. 不定式作宾语还常用在下面结构中； 主语动词it形容词/名词不定式。 Wefounditimpossibletogeteverythingreadyintime. IthinkitmydutytolearnEnglishwellincollege. 不定式作定语 1.不定式作定语通常要放在其所修饰的抽象名词之后。 Hiseffortstocarryouttheplanweresuccessful. DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish 2.不定式后介词的选用取决于被修饰的名词或不定式本身的要求。 Sheisaverynicepersontoworkwith./Thisisanimportantissuetotalkabout. 3.由only,last,next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语。 Mr.Zhangisalwaysthefirstmantoarriveattheofficeandthelastmantoleave. Idontthinkheisthebestonetodothework. 不定式作状语 1.不定式作状语表示目的。或用于soasto和inorderto之后. Tolearnaforeignlanguagewell,youmustmakepainstakingefforts. Wemuststudyhardsoasto(inorderto)entercollege. 2.不定式用在so.asto,such.asto,onlyto.及too.to等结构中的表示结果。 IrushedtothestationasfastasIcould,onlytofindthetrainalreadygone. Nooneistoooldtolearn./Wouldyoubesokindastocarrytheluggageforme? 3.不定式常用来修饰形容词，用于固定句式或表示原因. ChineseteamisboundtowintheWorldCup. Itislikelytoraintoday,foritisverycloudy. Iamwillingtohelpyouwithyourhomework/Imgladtoseeyou. （不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补语）todo,tobe,do 1.todo做宾补 用于ask,advise,allow,beg,cause,compel,command,enable,encourage,expect,feel,force, find,hear,have,inform,invite,let,make,mean,notice,order,permit,persuade,remind, require,request,teach,tell,urge,watch,warn,watch等词后。 Heaskedyoutocallhimattenoclock./ThenoteremindsmetobecarefulwhateverIdo. 2.tobe做宾补 用于believe,consider,think,declare,discover,feel,find,guess,judge,imagine, know,prove,show,suppose,understand等词后。 WeconsiderTomtobeoneofthebeststudentsinourclass. 不定式作宾语补足语 3.do（动词原形）作宾补： 当不定式在 lookat,see，observe,watch,notice,listento,hear,feel,let, make,have,等动词后面作宾语补语时， 不定式不带to. Wheneversomethingiswrongwithyou,pleasedoletmeknow. Itseemedsolongbeforeheheardthestonehitthewater. 不定式作主补.带有宾语及宾语补足语结构的动词变为被动语态时,原 来的宾语变为主语,宾补则变为主补。 Heisreportedtohavewonthe100meterrunningraceintheOlympicgames. Heisconsideredtobemybestfriend. 不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作表语 (表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。) Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople. WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting. “wh不定式”结构不定式前加一个疑问代词(what,which,who,whom,whose) 或疑问副词(where,when,how)，以及连词 whether构成特殊的不定式短语，其作用 相当于一个从句，这样的不定式短语常在某些动词后面主语,表语,或者宾语。 Whentostarttheprogramremainsundecided. Thequestionishowtoputtheplansintopractice. Icouldntdecidewhichbooktochoose. Icantellyouwheretogetthisbook. 填空并解释不定式在句中的成分 1.Toknowwhatisgoodand______(do)whatisrightaretwodifferentthings. 2.Itisimpossibleforanyone______(see)thesephotographsbefore,becauseMr.Newman hadthemdevelopedtoday. 3.Asaresultofmylaziness,Ifailed________(finish)myworkintime. 4.Shepretended__________(notsee)mewhenIpassedby. 5.Weagreed_________(meet)herebutsofarshehasntturnedupyet. 6.Goon______(do)theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone. 7.-Thelightintheofficeisstillon.-Oh,Iforgot____________(turnoff). 8.Shereachedthehillandstopped_______(rest)onabigrockbythesideofthepath. 9.ImsorryIforgot_________(bring)yourdictionary.LetsborrowonefromLiMing. 10.Ihadmeant_______(call)onyou,butIwassobusy. todo tosee tofinish nottosee tomeet todo toturnitoff torest tobring tocall 11.LittleJimshouldlove___________(take)tothetheatrethisevening. 12.Thesitting-roomneeds____________(clean),butitllhavetowaituntilSaturday. 13.Smithappears______________(wait)alongtime.Heisimpatientformyarrival. 14.Ifeelitanhonour___________(ask)tospeakhere. 15.ThereresomanykindsofbooksonsalethatIcantmakeupmymind______tobuy. 16.Thereisntanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Idontknow______________.(选哪一个) 17.LastsummerItookacourseon___________________(如何做衣服). 18.Shedidnothing____________(除了看照片)atthephoto. 19.Ihavenochoice___________(除了等待)forher. 20.Imhungry.Getmesomething_______(eat). tobetaken tobecleaned tohavewaited tobeasked which whichtochoose howtomakedresses exceptlook buttowait toeat 21.Theproblem______________(discuss)attomorrowsmeetingisaverydifficultone. 22.-WhereshouldIsendmyform? -.ThePersonnelOfficeistheplace____________(send). 23.Thelastman_________(know)thedisappointingnewswasthepatientssickfather. 24.-Didthatbookgivetheinformationyouneeded? -Yes,but_________(find),wehadtoreaditalmostentirely. 25Mycousinhaspassedtheentranceexamination.MyfamilysenthimanE-mail ________________(congratulate)himonhissuccess. 26. 27.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident____________(notsoasto)losehisjob. 28.Hewastooexcited_________(speak). 29.Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto______(sit). 30.Hereachedthestationtiredonly_________(learn)thatthetrainhadjustleft. tobediscussed tosenditto toknow tofindit tocongratulate soasnotto tospeak siton tolearn ___________________(gothrough)allthesethings,howcanItrustyouagain?Havinggonethrough 31.Wearetoogladtodoanythingwecan________(help)her. 32.Thetheoryofrelativityishard_____________(understand). 33.Fornearlythreehourswewaitedforthedecision,only_________(tell)tocomeagain thenextday. 34.Theworkerswantus________(work)togetherwiththem. 35.Theywouldnotallowhim_______(risk)goingacrosstheenemyline. 36.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher______(grow)upfromchildhood. 37.Iaskedhim_________(spare)meafewminutessothatwecouldgooveralltheproblems. 38.Theywontlettheirteacher___________(treat)inthatway. 39.-Whywontyoubeengagedintrade? -Fatherdesiredme_______(go)intobusiness,butIchosetostudylaw. 40.Everybodybelievedtheman_____________(take)awaythediamondring. tohelp tounderstand tobetold towork torisk grow tospare betreated togo tohavetaken 41.Theteachertoldthem___________(notmake)somuchnoise. 42.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______(不要骑). 43.Thepatientwaswarned_________(eat)oilyfoodaftertheoperation. 44.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_______________(invent)thefirstcomputer. 45.Thisproblemissaid_____________________(discuss)threetimes. 46.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_____(cry),todayhewasmade_______(cry)by hislittlesister. 48.AllIwantis_________(be)treatedasachildbytheteachersandparents. 49.TheThreeGorgesDambeingputupnowonChangjiangRiveris_____________(complete) soon. 50.InAustralia,hemadealotoffriends______(get)ausingpracticalknowledgeoftheEnglish language. nottomake notto nottoeat tohaveinvented tohavebeendiscussed crytocry nottobe tobecompleted toget homework 复习本节所学语法结构 预习p44 翻译课文